KARİYER PLANLAMADA YENİ KURAMLARIN ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNE YÖNELİK BİR KAVRAMSAL MODELLEMESİ

Year 2023, , 395 - 416, 31.12.2023

Zeynep Altan

https://doi.org/10.55071/ticaretfbd.1288421

Abstract

Çalışmada yazılım mühendisliği öğrencilerinin kariyer planlamalarına yönelik geliştirilen ontolojinin temel yapısı anlatılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle kariyer geliştirme sistemlerine ilişkin yeni yaklaşımlar incelenmiştir. Kariyer, bireyin yaşamı boyunca sürdürdüğü uğraşıları olarak özetlenebilir. Bireyin mesleğe başlamadan yönelebileceği işlerin belirlenmesinde kişisel farkındalıklar ve çevresel koşullar etkilidir. Bilgi teknolojileri başta olmak üzere pek çok sektörde proje odaklı çalışmalara yoğunlaşma iş ortamlarını değişken bir yapıya dönüşmüştür. Bu dönüşüm kariyer gelişimine yönelik teorik çalışmaları da etkilemiştir. Çalışmanın teorik altyapısı örgütsel davranışların ötesinde tüm sınırları aşan Sınırsız Kariyer ile birlikte kariyerin bireyin yönelimleriyle yönetildiğine odaklanan Çok Yönlü Kariyer kuramlarına dayanmaktadır. Tasarlanan ontolojinin temel yapısı Genel Sistemler Teorisi olması nedeni ile tüm meslek gruplarına uygulanabilmesi mümkündür. Protégé platformunda geliştirilen ontoloji ise öğrencilerin sorulara verdikleri cevaplardaki özelliklerle betimlenmektedir. Bunlar, günümüz kariyer gelişimi çalışmalarına ait üç farklı kuramsal yaklaşımın birlikte kullanıldığı sınıflardır; bunlar Kariyer Uyumu, Çalışan Refahı ve Kariyer Seçimi üçlüsü ile adlandırılır. Soruların cevaplarında bu üç özellik birlikte değerlendirilmektedir. Özetle her bir soruya ait cevap şıkları kariyer geliştirmede yeni yaklaşımları açıklayacak şekilde belirlenmektedir. Bireyin kariyerine ilişkin farklı değerlendirme ölçütleri arasındaki ilişkinin tasarlandığı bu ontoloji, kariyer gelişiminin istatistiksel yöntemlerle araştırıldığı diğer ontolojilerle birlikte kullanılabilecektir.

Keywords

Çalışan Refahı, Kariyer Planlama, Kavramsal Modelleme, Ontoloji, Protégé

Supporting Institution

İstanbul Beykent Üniversitesi BAP Projesi

Project Number

2020-21-BAP-03

Thanks

Bu çalışma, 2020-21-BAP-03 nolu “Eğitimsel Veri Madenciliği Yöntemleri ile Yazılım Mühendisliği Lisans Öğrencilerinin Kariyer Yönelimlerinin Tahmini Sonuçları” isimli çalışma kapsamında Beykent Üniversitesi tarafından desteklenmiştir.

A CONCEPTUAL MODELLING OF NEW THEORIES IN CAREER PLANNING FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

Abstract

The developed ontology presents a basic study for the career planning of university students. Firstly, new approaches to career development systems were investigated. The pursuits of an individual throughout the life is summarized as career. The individual's personal awareness and environmental conditions before starting the profession are effective in career orientation. Focusing on project-oriented studies in information sector has transformed the business environment into a different form. This has also affected the theoretical studies on career development. The theoretical background depends on the Boundaryless Career Theory that crosses all boundaries beyond organizational behaviors, as well as the Protean Career Theory that focus on the management of career by the individual's orientations. Since the basic structure of the designed ontology is the General Systems Theory, it is possible to apply the paper to all occupational groups. Ontology is developed on the Protégé platform with the theoretical classifications of a survey. Three approaches of today's career development studies are used together and called as Career Adaptation, Employee-Well-Being, Career Choice triple. They are evaluated together for the answers. Briefly, the answer choices are determined to explain new horizons in career development. It is also possible to use this ontology together with other ontologies.

Keywords

Conceptual Modelling, Employee Wellbeing, Career Planning, Ontology, Protégé

Project Number

2020-21-BAP-03

References

• Akosah-Twumasi, P., Emeto, T.I, Lindsay, D., Tsey, K.A. & Malau-Aduli, B.S. (2018). A systematic review of factors that influence youths career choices—the role of culture. Frontiers in Education, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00058
• Aoun, J.E. (2017). Robot-proof: Higher education in the age of artificial intelligence. MIT Press.
• Aycan, Z. & Fikret-Pasa, S. (2003). Career choices, job selection criteria, and leadership preferences in a transitional nation: The case of Turkey. Journal of Career Development, 30(2), 129-144. https://doi.org/10.1177/089484530303000203.
• Caligiuri, P. (2013). Cultural agility: Building a pipeline of successful global professionals. John Wiley & Sons.
• Carayannis, E.G. & Morawska-Jancelewicz, J. (2022). The Futures of Europe: Society 5.0 and Industry 5.0 as Driving Forces of Future Universities. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13, 3445–3471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-021-00854-2.
• Carolan, S., Harris, P.R. & Cavanagh, K. (2017). Improving employee well-being and effectiveness: Systematic review and meta-analysis of web-based psychological interventions delivered in the workplace. Journal Medica Internet Research, 19(7). doi: 10.2196/jmir.7583.
• Carnegie Mellon University. (2023). Eberly center teaching excellence & educational innovation. https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/solveproblem/strat-criticalthinking/index.html adresinden 26 Nisan 2023 tarihinde alınmıştır. Dascalu, M.I., Marin, I., Nemoianu,I.V., Puskás, I.F. & Hang, A. (2022). An ontology for educational and career profiling based on the Romanian occupation classification framework: Description and scenarios of utilization. 15th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (ICERI2022) Proceedings, 7386-7395.
• Dancy, R. (1975). On some of Aristotle's first thoughts about substances. The Philosophical Review, 84(3), 338-373.
• European Parliament Council (2008). Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on the establishment of the European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning. Office Journal of European Union, 51(111).
• European Parliament Council (2017). European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning and repealing the recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on the establishment of the European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning. Official Journal of the European Union, 189(15).
• Erdoğmuş Zorver, C. & Yeşilyaprak, B. (2021). Kariyer uyum yetenekleri ölçeği kısa formunun (KUYÖ-KF) Türkçeye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Ankara University J of Faculty of Educational Sciences(JFES), 54(1), 91-116. doi: 10.30964/auebfd.681622.
• Gleason, N.W. (2018). Singapore’s higher education systems, in the era of the fourth Industrial revolution: Preparing lifelong learners (book chapter). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0194-0_7.
• Ghazy, K., Fedorova, А. (2022). The evolution of well-being approach within the Industry 5.0 concept. Human Progress, 8(3), 2. https://doi.org/10.34709/IM.183.12.
• Hartung, P. J. (1991). Breaking ground: A sttidy of gestalt therapy theory and Holland's Theory of vocational choice. Annual Meeting of the Mid-Western Educational Research Association. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED337627.pdf adresinden 26 Nisan 2023 tarihinde alınmıştır.
• Himmetoğlu, B., Ayduğ, D. & Bayrak, C. (2020). Education 4.0: Defining the teacher, the student, and school manager aspects of the revolution. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education (IOD),12-28. doi: 10.17718/tojde.770896.
• Hirschi, A. & Valero, D. (2015). Career adaptability profiles and their relationship to adaptivity and adapting, J of Vocational Behavior, 88, 220-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.03.010.
• Holland, J.L. (1997). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments (3rd edition). Odessa, FL Psychological Assessment Resources.
• Holland, J.L. & Messer, M.A. (2015). The self-directed search (5th edition) FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
• Ilkou, E., Aby-Rasheed, H., Tavakoli, Hakimov, M.S., Kismihók, G., Auer, S. & Nejdl,W. (2021). EduCOR: An educational and career-oriented recommendation ontology. International Semantic Web Conference, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 546-562.
• Ison, R.L. & Russell, D.B. (2000). Designing systems for mutual benefit. in Ison and Russell (eds). Agricultural Extension and Rural Development: Breaking Out of Traditions, 208–218. Cambridge University Press.
• Kaya, Ç., Akın, A., Sarıçam, H. & Uğur, E. (2014). Turkish version of the career and work adaptability questionnaire (CWAQ): Validity and reliability study. e-Uluslararası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5 (1), 76-87. doi: 10.19160/e-ijer.64074.
• Lent, R.W., Singley,D., Sheu, H.B., Schmidt, J.A. & Schmidt, L.C. (2007). Relation of social-cognitive factors to academic satisfaction in engineering students. Journal of Career Assessment, 15(1), 87–97.
• Li, H., Ngo, H. Y. & Cheung, F. (2019). Linking protean career orientation and career decidedness: The mediating role of career decision self-efficacy. Journal of Vocational Behavior,115,103322.
• McMahon, M. & Patton, W. (2018). Systemic thinking in career development theory: Contributions of the systems theory framework, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 46:2, 229-240, doi: 10.1080/03069885.2018.1428941.
• McIlveen, P. & Midgley, W. (2015). A semantic and pragmatic analysis of career adaptability. in K. Maree & A. Di Fabio (eds.), Exploring new horizons in career counselling: Turning challenges into opportunities, 235-247. Sense Publishers. Rotterdam.
• Mikulec, B. (2017). Impact of the Europeanisation of education: Qualifications frameworks in Europe. European Educational Research Journal, 16 (4), 455–473.
• Nas, T.İ. & Doğan, A. (2020). Z kuşağındaki bireylerin kişilik özelliklerinin paternalist liderlik algılarına etkisinde örgüt kültürünün düzenleyici rolü. Kastamonu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22 (2), 30-60.
• Norman, D. A. (1998) the psychology of everyday things. Basic Books.New York.
• Özlen, M.K. & Arnaut, D. (2013). Career decisions of university students. Journal of Community Positive Practices, 12(2), 92-107.
• Page, K.M. & Vella-Brodrick, D.A. (2009). The 'What', 'Why' and 'How' of Employee Well-Being: A New Model. Social Indicators Research, 90(3), 441-458.
• Patton, W. & McMahon, M. (2014). Career development and systems theory: Connecting theory and practice (3rd edition) The Netherlands:Sense, Rotterdam.
• Rubens, N., Kaplan, D. & Okamoto, T. (2014). E-Learning 3.0: Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime, and AI . In: Chiu, D.K.W., Wang, M., Popescu, E., Li, Q., Lau, R. (eds) New Horizons in Web Based Learning. ICWL 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 7697. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43454-3_18
• Rodrigues, R., Butler, C.L. & Guest, D. (2019). Antecedents of protean and boundaryless career orientations: The role of core self-evaluations: Perceived employability and social capital. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 1-11.
• Saracel, N. & Aksoy, I. (2020). Toplum 5.0: Süper Akıllı Toplum. Social Sciences Research Journal, 9 (2), 26-34.
• Savickas, M.L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.P., Duarte, M.E., Guichard, J., Soresi, S., van Esbroeck, R. & van Vianen, A. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st Century. Journal Vocational Behavior, 75, 239–250.
• Savickas, M. L. (2013). Career construction theory and p ractice. S. D. Brown, & R. W. Lent (eds.), Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work (2nd ed) 147–186. Wiley.
• Savickas, M.L. & Porfeli, E.J. (2012). Career Adapt-Abilities Scale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661-673, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.011
• Serdyukov, P. (2017). Innovation in education: what works, what doesn’t, and what to do about it? Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 10(1), 4-33.
• Sharf, R.S. (2017). Kariyer Gelişim Kuramlarının Kariyer Danışmasına Uygulanması (Çev. F. Bacanlı ve K. Öztemel). Pegem Akademi, Ankara.
• Sola, E., Hoekstra, R., Fiore, S. & McCauley, P. (2017). An investigation of the state of creativity and critical thinking in engineering undergraduates. Creative education, 8, 1495-1522. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2017.89105
• von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General system theory. Foundations, development, applications. George Braziller. New York.
• von Bertalanffy, L. (1972). The History and Status of General Systems Theory. Academy of Management Journal, 15, 407–426.
• Yang, X., Feng, Y., Meng, Y. & Qiu, Y. (2019). Career adaptability, work engagement, and employee well-being among Chinese employees: The role of Guanxi. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01029.