Publication Ethics Statement
1. All submitted papers must be original and must not have been previously published elsewhere. Likewise, the submitted paper should not be in the evaluation process of another journal.
2. Each paper is pre-evaluated before the reader process starts, and if it does not meet the general requirements, it can be returned to the author without being included in the peer-reviewing process.
3. Plagiarism, duplication, false authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, slicing, violating copyrights, and concealing conflict of interest are considered unethical behaviors.
4. All papers that do not comply with accepted ethical standards are removed from publication. This rule also applies to articles with inconsistencies detected after publication.

Research Ethics
1. TIRAD adopts the principles of international research ethics and the compliance of the researchers in the articles with the ethical rules is the responsibility of the authors. According to this;
a) Principles of integrity, quality, and transparency should be ensured in the designing and conducting of the research.
b) If the object of the research is human, the participants should be fully informed about the purpose, methods, and possible uses of the research, the necessities, and risks, if any, of participating in the research.
c) Confidentiality of information provided by research participants and confidentiality of respondents should be ensured. Research should be designed in a way that preserves the autonomy and dignity of the participants.
d) Research participants should take part in the research voluntarily and should not be under any coercion.
e) Any harm to the participants should be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that it does not put the participants at risk.
f) Be clear about research independence; If there is a conflict of interest, it should be stated.
g) In experimental studies, written informed consent must be obtained from the participants who decide to participate in the research. The consent of the legal guardian of children and custodians or those with a confirmed mental illness must be obtained.
h) If the research will be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from that institution or organization.

2. Applicable copyright laws and agreements must be observed. Copyrighted material (for example, tables, figures, or large quotations) should be used with appropriate permission and/or acknowledgment. The work of other authors, contributors, or references should be used appropriately and cited in references.
3. In a submitted article, all authors must have direct academic and scientific contributions. In this context, the “author” should be someone who makes a significant contribution to the conceptualization and design of published research, to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data, or to the writing or content critical review of the work. The order of names of the authors is a joint decision of the authors and the order of the authors must be signed in the Copyright Agreement Form.
4. All authors must declare financial relationships, conflicts of interest, and competition of interest that have the potential to affect the results of the research or scientific evaluation.
5. If an author detects a significant error or inaccuracy in his or her published article, it is his responsibility to immediately contact and cooperate with the editor for correction or retraction of these inaccuracies.
6. “Informed consent” and “ethics committee approval” are mandatory for papers that research humans.

Editor and Reader (Reviewer) Responsibilities
1. The editor evaluates the papers independently of the author’s ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religious belief, and political philosophy. It ensures that the papers submitted for publication undergo a fair double-blind peer review.
2. The editor guarantees that all information regarding the submitted papers will remain confidential until the paper is published. The editor-in-chief is responsible for the content and the overall quality of the publication. If necessary, he/she should publish an error page or make corrections.
3. The editor does not allow any conflict of interest between authors, co-editors, and readers. The editor has full authority to appoint referees and he/she is responsible for making the final decision on the articles to be published.
4. Readers should not have a conflict of interest with the research, with the authors, and/or the financial supporters of the research. They should reach an impartial judgment as a result of their assessment.
5. Readers should ensure that all information regarding the submitted papers is kept confidential and should report any copyright infringement and plagiarism to the editor.
6. If the reader does not feel qualified about the subject of the paper or if he/she does not seem possible to provide a timely response, he/she should notify the editor of this situation and ask him/her not to involve himself/herself in the reviewing process.
7. During the evaluation process, the editor clearly states that the papers submitted for review to the readers are the exclusive property of the authors and that this is a privileged form of communication. For this reason, readers and editorial board members cannot discuss articles with other people.

Plagiarism and Resemblance Control
1. All papers submitted to the journal are scanned using iThenticate software during the pre-evaluation phase. In case of any plagiarism or resemblance of more than 15%, the authors are informed. After the paper is edited, it is scanned again, and if any plagiarism or 15% or more resemblance is detected in the second control, the article is rejected without being included in the peer review process.

Open Access Policy
1. The content of TIRAD, which is an open-access journal, is provided free of charge to the reader or the institution that the reader is involved in. Anyone can read, download, copy, search, and link the full text of the papers without permission from the publisher or author, except for commercial purposes.
2. The journal's open-access papers are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Copyright Policy
1. The CC BY-NC 4.0 license permits the paper to be shared, copied, reproduced in any size and format other than for commercial use, and adapted, including re-editing, transforming, and building upon the original paper, with proper attribution.
2. TIRAD does not receive any royalties from the authors, nor does it pay the authors.