Manavgat Havzasının (Antalya, Türkiye) Neojen Litostratigrafisi ve Yapısal Unsurları

Abstract

Toroslar bindirme-kıvrım kuşağı, Afrika ve Avrasya plakalarının Kretase’den günümüze değin devam eden yaklaşık K-G yönlü yakınsama hareketine bağlı olarak oluşmuştur. Bu hareket aynı zamanda Isparta Büklümü olarak bilinen karmaşık tektonik yapının gelişmesine de neden olmuştur. Neojen’de ise, Batı ve Orta Toroslar ile Isparta Büklümü’nün iç kesimleri, kırıntılı sedimanlar ve karbonatlarla karakterize edilen denizel tortul birimler ile örtülmüştür (Antalya Havza Kompleksi). Bu denizel havzalardan biri olan Manavgat Havzası, kuzeyde Toroslar üzerine aşmalı uyumsuzluk ile yerleşmiştir. Temel olarak Manavgat Havzası, Erken Miyosen’den Pliyosen’e kadar geçen süre içerisinde 1 km’den fazla istif kalınlığına sahip olmuştur. Dolayısı ile bu döneme ait litostratigrafik kayıtlara ek olarak kabuksal deformasyona ait jeolojik kayıtları da tutması beklenmektedir. Manavgat Havzası’nda litostratigrafik olarak 7 temel birim saptanmıştır ve bunlar; önceki çalışmalar ile uyumlu olarak 1) Tepekli Formasyonu (Burdigaliyen-E. Langiyen), 2) Oymapınar Kireçtaşı (G. Burdigaliyen-Langiyen), 4) Çakallar Breşi (Langiyen), 4) Geceleme Formasyonu (G. Langiyen-Serravaliyen), 5) Karpuzçay Formasyonu (Geç Langiyen-Tortoniyen), 6) Pliyosen birimler (Yenimahalle ve Kurşunlu formasyonları) ve 7) Belkıs Konglomerası (Kuvaterner) şeklinde adlandırılmıştır. Karpuzçay Formasyonuna ait 2 farklı ölçülü kesitten paleontolojik amaçlı örnekler alınmış ve yaş tayini yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmalar, Karpuzçay Formasyonu’nun G. Langiyen-Tortoniyen dönemde, derin denizel dış neritik-batiyal bir ortamda çökeldiğini göstermiştir. Litostratigrafik özelliklerin yanı sıra, Manavgat Havzası’nı şekillendiren yapısal unsurlar da çalışılmış ve Tortoniyen yaşlı Çardakköy Bindirmesi ilk defa bu çalışmada tanımlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bölgede iki farklı tektonik rejimin varlığı belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, bölgede Tortoniyen öncesinde genişlemeli bir tektonik rejim mevcutken, Tortoniyen sonrasında ise sıkışmalı bir rejimin varlığı söz konusudur. Bu çalışmada elde edilen paleogerilim fazları, bölgede etkin olanAfrika ve Avrasya arasındaki K-G yönlü yakınsama hareketi ile birlikte Isparta Büklümü altındaki parçalı dalan levha kinematiğinin yeniden değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Isparta Büklümü
• Kabuk deformasyonu
• Manavgat Havzası
• Miyosen denizel havzalar

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

117Y235

Structural Elements and Neogene Lithostratigraphy of the Manavgat Basin (Antalya, Turkey)

Abstract

The Tauride fold-thrusts belt has formed under ~S–N convergence between the Africa and Eurasian plates since Cretaceous time. This movement also resulted in the development of the complex tectonic structure known as the Isparta Angle. In the Neogene period, the western and central Taurides and the inner part of the Isparta Angle became overlain by marine sedimentary basins (Antalya Basin Complex). The Manavgat Basin is one of these marine basins, and unconformably rests on the Tauride in the north. Basically, the Manavgat Basin has a sedimentation thickness of more than 1 km from the Early Miocene to Pliocene. Hence, it is expected to keep the geological records regarding the crustal deformation, besides the lithostratigraphic records during this time. Lithostratgraphically, seven basic units have been identified in the Manavgat Basin. These are, in line with previous studies; 1) Tepekli Formation (Burdigalian-E. Langhian), 2) Oymapınar Limestone (G. Burdigalian-Langhian), 3) Çakallar Breccia (Langhian), 4) Geceleme Formation (G. Langhian-Serravalian), 5) Karpuzçay Formation (G. Langhian-Tortonian), 6) Pliocene units (Yenimahalle and Kurşunlu formations), and 7) Belkıs Conglomerate (Quaternary). Biosamples were collected from two different measured sections of the Karpuzçay Formation, and the age of the formation was determined. These show that the Karpuzçay Formation was deposited in a deep marine outer neritic-bathyal environment from the Late Langhian to Tortonian. In addition to lithostratigraphic features, structural elements forming the Manavgat Basin were also studied, and the Tortonian aged Çardakköy Fault was described for the first time in this study. As a result, the presence of two different tectonic regimes in the region was determined. Accordingly, the Manavgat Basin developed under the influence of an extensional tectonic regime before the Tortonian, and of a compressional system during the post-Tortonian. This study indicated that N-S directional convergence between Eurasia and Africa and the kinematics of the fragmented subducted plate under the Isparta Angle should be re-evaluated based on these paleostress phases.

Keywords

• Crustal deformation.
• Isparta Angle
• Manavgat Basin
• Miocene marine basins

Project Number

117Y235

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