Research Article

Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu

Volume: 27 July 21, 2026
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Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu

Abstract

The impacts of stand development stages (SDS) and forest establishment types (FET) on litter amounts, as well as on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks, were investigated in black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) forests in Kastamonu. The litter amounts were determined by selecting eight experimental plots: four from natural black pine forests (NBP) and four from black pine plantations (PBP). A total of 24 litter samples were collected from each plot and arranged into three layers (L, F, and H) at the organic horizon. A total of 144 soil samples were collected and analysed for bulk density, SOC, and TN stocks. The results show that the PBP stands accumulated more litter (28.95 Mg ha⁻¹) than the NBP stands (21.4 Mg ha⁻¹). The highest value was found in stage "b" of the PBP stands at 29.59 Mg ha⁻¹, followed by stage "a" of PBP stands at 28.31 Mg ha⁻¹, stage "b" of NBP stands at 22.84 Mg ha⁻¹ and stage "a" of NBP stands at the lowest value of 19.95 Mg ha⁻¹. SOC and TN stocks in NBP stands (140.6 Mg C ha⁻¹ and 4.51 Mg N ha⁻¹) were generally higher than in the PBP stands (105.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ and 4.38 Mg N ha⁻¹), with more SOC and TN being accumulated in the soils of young stands. In this study on black pine forests, it is recommended that natural forests with high SOC and TN stocks be prioritized for conservation to increase carbon storage capacity, while silvicultural interventions (such as appropriate thinning and light management) be planned in plantation areas to accelerate the incorporation of accumulated dense litter into mineral soil. Also, given the decisive impact of stand development stages and soil depth on carbon dynamics, the adoption of site-specific, age-based management strategies in forest management plans is critical for the sustainability of the region's ecosystem. 

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Kastamonu University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department (KUBAP)

Project Number

KUBAP01/2022-41

Thanks

We are thankful to Kastamonu Regional Forest Directorate for permitting us to collect the soil data in the forest sites. This study has been supported by the Kastamonu University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department (KUBAP), Kastamonu, Türkiye with the Project number, KUBAP01/2022-41.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Forest Ecosystems

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 21, 2026

Submission Date

October 20, 2025

Acceptance Date

March 1, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 27

APA
Savacı Selamet, G., & Sarıyıldız, T. (2026). Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 27, 96-105. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1806957
AMA
1.Savacı Selamet G, Sarıyıldız T. Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2026;27:96-105. doi:10.18182/tjf.1806957
Chicago
Savacı Selamet, Gamze, and Temel Sarıyıldız. 2026. “Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Forest Floor Litter of Natural and Plantation Black Pine Stands in Kastamonu”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 27 (July): 96-105. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1806957.
EndNote
Savacı Selamet G, Sarıyıldız T (July 1, 2026) Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu. Turkish Journal of Forestry 27 96–105.
IEEE
[1]G. Savacı Selamet and T. Sarıyıldız, “Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 27, pp. 96–105, July 2026, doi: 10.18182/tjf.1806957.
ISNAD
Savacı Selamet, Gamze - Sarıyıldız, Temel. “Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Forest Floor Litter of Natural and Plantation Black Pine Stands in Kastamonu”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 27 (July 1, 2026): 96-105. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.1806957.
JAMA
1.Savacı Selamet G, Sarıyıldız T. Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2026;27:96–105.
MLA
Savacı Selamet, Gamze, and Temel Sarıyıldız. “Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Forest Floor Litter of Natural and Plantation Black Pine Stands in Kastamonu”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 27, July 2026, pp. 96-105, doi:10.18182/tjf.1806957.
Vancouver
1.Gamze Savacı Selamet, Temel Sarıyıldız. Variation in soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks and forest floor litter of natural and plantation black pine stands in Kastamonu. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2026 Jul. 1;27:96-105. doi:10.18182/tjf.1806957