Research Article

A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance

Volume: 27 November 2, 2026
EN TR

A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance

Abstract

Forest road networks provide essential infrastructure for timber harvesting, silvicultural interventions, wildfire responses, forest protection, and land-based management operations. However, road density alone does not adequately represent the operational value of a road network, because the same total road length may produce different accessibility patterns depending on road distribution, stand structure, compartment geometry, and spatial arrangement. This study presents a web-based spatial decision support system (SDSS) developed to automate forest road accessibility and opening-up analysis in compatibility with Turkish General Directorate of Forestry (GDF) data structures. The system comprises a PHP-Python architecture, a GeoPandas- and Shapely-based spatial processing engine, and a Leaflet.js web mapping interface. Four ZIP-packaged ESRI Shapefile inputs, including forest roads, stands, compartments, and forest management unit boundaries, are validated, checked for projection compatibility, analysed through direct intersection and dissolved buffer overlay operations, and reported at road, stand, compartment, and management-unit levels. The sample dataset included 46 road segments, 245.9 km of total road length, 1,284 stands, 230 compartments, and 11,463.4 ha of total area. Although the nominal road density calculated on a forest-area basis was 26.23 m/ha, the proportion of accessible forest area was estimated as 18.33% under the 50 m buffer scenario, 46.66% under the 150 m scenario, and 66.00% under the 250 m scenario. The findings indicate that the system developed here produces scenario-based, repeatable, and operationally meaningful accessibility indicators that complement conventional road density measures.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or non-profit sectors.

Ethical Statement

This study did not involve human participants, animal experiments, or personal data. The study used only institutional geospatial data layers and analytical outputs generated by the developed web-based decision support system. Therefore, ethics committee approval was not required.

Thanks

The author gratefully acknowledges the Turkish General Directorate of Forestry (GDF) for providing the spatial forest road, stand, compartment, and management unit datasets used in the demonstration of the developed system.

References

  1. Agnew, D., Graves, B. P., & Fryirs, K. (2022). A GIS workflow for the identification of corridors of geomorphic river recovery across landscapes. PLoS ONE, 17(12), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278831
  2. Akay, A. E., Wing, M. G., Sivrikaya, F., & Şakar, D. (2011). A GIS-based decision support system for determining the shortest and safest route to forest fires: A case study in Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184(3), 1391–1407. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2049-z
  3. Bont, L., Fraefel, M., & Fischer, C. (2018). A spatially explicit method to assess the economic suitability of a forest road network for timber harvest in steep terrain. Forests, 9(4), 169–169. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9040169
  4. Brunsdon, C., & Comber, A. (2021). Opening practice: supporting reproducibility and critical spatial data science. Journal of Geographical Systems, 23(4), 477-496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-020-00334-2
  5. Cadez, L., Giannetti, F., Luca, A. D., Tomao, A., Chirici, G., & Alberti, G. (2023). A WebGIS tool to support forest management at regional and local scale. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 16(6), 361–367. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4445-016
  6. Demir, M. (2007). Impacts, management and functional planning criterion of forest road network system in Turkey. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 41(1), 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2006.05.006
  7. Đuka, A., Grigolato, S., Papa, I., Pentek, T., & Poršinsky, T. (2017). Assessment of timber extraction distance and skid road network in steep karst terrain. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 10(6), 886–894. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2471-010
  8. Đuka, A., Papa, I., Proto, A. R., Latterini, F., Mederski, P. S., Borz, S. A., Iordache, E., Sokolović, D., Karišik, A., Stojnić, D., Danilović, M., & Picchio, R. (2025). Forest accessibility and road network density: A global overview with a special focus on Europe. Current Forestry Reports, 11(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40725-025-00259-3

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Forest Products Transport and Evaluation Information

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

November 2, 2026

Submission Date

May 7, 2026

Acceptance Date

October 12, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 27

APA
Hatay, T. Y. (2026). A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 27, 301-313. https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM
AMA
1.Hatay TY. A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2026;27:301-313. https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM
Chicago
Hatay, Taha Yasin. 2026. “A Web-Based Spatial Decision Support System for Assessing Forest Road Accessibility and Opening-up Performance”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 27 (November): 301-13. https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM.
EndNote
Hatay TY (November 1, 2026) A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance. Turkish Journal of Forestry 27 301–313.
IEEE
[1]T. Y. Hatay, “A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 27, pp. 301–313, Nov. 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM
ISNAD
Hatay, Taha Yasin. “A Web-Based Spatial Decision Support System for Assessing Forest Road Accessibility and Opening-up Performance”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 27 (November 1, 2026): 301-313. https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM.
JAMA
1.Hatay TY. A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance. Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2026;27:301–313.
MLA
Hatay, Taha Yasin. “A Web-Based Spatial Decision Support System for Assessing Forest Road Accessibility and Opening-up Performance”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 27, Nov. 2026, pp. 301-13, https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM.
Vancouver
1.Taha Yasin Hatay. A web-based spatial decision support system for assessing forest road accessibility and opening-up performance. Turkish Journal of Forestry [Internet]. 2026 Nov. 1;27:301-13. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA48KU92KM