Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Tütün Kullanım Prevalansı ve İlişkili Risk Faktörleri: Trabzon, Türkiye

Abstract

Giriş: Türkiye'de tütün kullanımıyla mücadele için MPOWER stratejileri kullanılmaktadır. Ancak üniversite öğrencileri arasındaki kullanım prevalansında herhangi bir azalma sağlanamadı. Üniversite öğrencileri arasında yapılan araştırmalarda genel olarak sadece sigara kullanımı sorgulanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin kuzeydoğusundaki Trabzon'da, COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle getirilen kısıtlamaların ardından üniversite öğrencileri arasında tütün ürünü kullanım yaygınlığını ve buna bağlı risk faktörlerini değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma Aralık 2021-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında 6445 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirildi. Veri analizi ki-kare testi ve geriye doğru lojistik regresyon testi yöntemiyle yapıldı. Bulgular: Trabzon'da üniversite öğrencilerinde tütün kullanım yaygınlığı %26,9'dur. En sık tüketilen tütün ürünü sigara (%25,0) olurken, bunu elle sarma sigara (%6,5), nargile (%5,0) ve e-sigara (%1,0) takip etti. Öğrencilerin tütün kullanımı, erkek cinsiyet, meslek okuluna gitme, annenin tütün kullanması, babanın tütün kullanması ve romantik partner/yakın arkadaşının tütün kullanması ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde ilişkiliydi. Sonuç: Bulunan prevalans daha önce yapılan birçok çalışmaya göre daha yüksektir. Tütünle mücadeleye yönelik müdahale programlarında erkekler kadar kadınlara da öncelik verilmelidir. Programlar meslek okulunda başlamalı ve öğrencilerin yakın arkadaşlarını, romantik partnerlerini veya ebeveynlerini içermelidir.

Keywords

• tütün kullanımı
• üniversite öğrencisi
• prevalans
• nargile
• e sigara

The Prevalence of Tobacco Use Among University Students and Associated Risk Factors: Trabzon, Turkey

Abstract

Background: MPOWER strategies are employed to combat tobacco use in Turkey. However, no decrease in the prevalence of use among university students has been achieved. In research conducted among university students, only smoking was generally questioned. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco product use and associated risk factors among university students in Trabzon, northeast of Turkey, following the restrictions imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 6445 students between December 2021 and June 2022. Data analysis was performed with chi-square test and logistic regression test backward method. Results: The prevalence of tobacco use is 26.9% in university students in Trabzon. The most frequently consumed tobacco product was cigarettes (25.0%), followed by hand-rolled cigarettes (6.5%), waterpipes (5.0%), and e-cigarettes (1.0%). Students’ tobacco use was statistically significantly associated with male gender, attending a vocational school, maternal tobacco use, paternal tobacco use, and romantic partner/close friend tobacco use. Conclusion: The prevalence found is higher than in many previous studies. Priority should be given to women as well as men in intervention programs to fight against tobacco. Programs should begin in vocational school and include students' close friends, romantic partners, or parents

Keywords

• tobacco use
• university student
• prevalence
• water pipe
• e cigarette

References

1. 1. CDC; WHO; Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Global adult tobacco survey fact sheet 2016 Turkey.2016. 1-2p.
2. 2. US Department of Health and Human Services. Preventing tobacco use among young people: a report of the surgeon general. 2012;43(RR-4):1–10.
3. 3. Karadoğan D, Önal Ö, Kanbay Y. Prevalence and determinants of smoking status among university students: Artvin Çoruh University sample. PLoS One. 2018 Dec 10;13(12):e0200671.
4. 4. Oğuz S, Çamcı G, Kazan M. The prevalence of cigarette smoking and knowing status for diseases caused by smoking among students of university. Van Med J. 2018;25(3):332–7.
5. 5. Elbi H, Aktas A, Rahman S, Altan S, Ozyurt BC. Self-reported prevalence of tobacco use; including the Fagerstrom test, among an university students, Turkey. J Tepecik Educ Res Hosp. 2018;28(1):33–8.
6. 6. Havaçeliği Atlam D, Yüncü Z. Relationship between cigarette, alcohol, substance use disorders and familial drug use in university students. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017;20(3):161–70.
7. 7. Dayi A, Gulec G, Mutlu F. Prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and substance use among Eskisehir Osmangazi University students. Dusunen Adam J Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 2015 Dec 15;28(4):309–18.
8. 8. Korkmaz M, Ersoy S, Özkahraman Ş, Duran ET, Uslusoy Çetinkaya E, Orak S, et al. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin tütün mamulleri-alkol kullanım durumları ve sigaraya yaklaşımları. SDU Med Fac J. 2013;20(2):34–42.

9. 9. Erdogan N, Erdogan I. Smoking at school: Views of turkish university students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009 Dec 23;6(1):36–50.
10. 10. Karadağ M, Aydin Güçlü Ö, Aslı ID, Dilektaşli G, Coşkun F, Uzaslan E. Understanding university students’ smoking behaviors towards tobacco-free campus policy. Tuberk Toraks. 2021;69(1):49–58.
11. 11. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Türkiye’de tütünle mücadele süreci. [cited 2022 Jul 28]. Available from: https://havanikoru.saglik.gov.tr/component/content/article/104-kategorisiz/213-turkiye-de-tutunle-mucadele-sureci.html
12. 12. Merih YD, Guduk O, Erturk N, Yemenici M, Arga KY, Satman I. Determinants of tobacco use habits and perceptions among university students : a systematic review study. J Pres Turkish Heal Institutes. 2021;4(1):49–84.
13. 13. Usidame B, Hirschtick JL, Mattingly DT, Patel A, Patrick ME, Fleischer NL. Sociodemographic patterns of exclusive and dual combustible tobacco and e-cigarette use among us adolescents— a nationally representative study (2017–2020). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 1;19(5):2965.
14. 14. Services H, Control D, Prevention D, Promotion H, Smoking O. Cigarette smoking among young people in the United States. Preventing tobacco use among youth and young adults: a report of the surgeon general. 2012. 425–482 p.
15. 15. Noland M, Ickes MJ, Rayens MK, Butler K, Wiggins AT, Hahn EJ. Social influences on use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and hookah by college students. J Am Coll Heal. 2016 May 18;64(4):319–28.
16. 16. Creamer MR, Loukas A, Clendennen S, Mantey D, Pasch KE, Marti CN, et al. Longitudinal predictors of cigarette use among students from 24 Texas colleges. J Am Coll Heal. 2018 Oct 3;66(7):617–24.
17. 17. Sutfin EL, Sparks A, Pockey JR, Suerken CK, Reboussin BA, Wagoner KG, et al. First tobacco product tried: Associations with smoking status and demographics among college students. Addict Behav. 2015 Dec 1;51:152–7.
18. 18. Jodalli P, Panchmal GS. Tobacco use patterns and predictors among college students in Mangalore, South India: Findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Tob Prev Cessat. 2020 Oct 23;6(October):1–9.
19. 19. Alotaibi SA, Alsuliman MA, Durgampudi PK. Smoking tobacco prevalence among college students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Induc Dis. 2019 Apr 19;17(April).
20. 20. Wamamili B, Wallace-Bell M, Richardson A, Grace RC, Coope P. Cigarette smoking among university students aged 18–24 years in New Zealand: results of the first (baseline) of two national surveys. BMJ Open. 2019 Dec 1;9(12):e032590.
21. 21. Hassan MS, Hossain MK, Khan HTA. Prevalence and predictors of tobacco smoking among university students in Sylhet Division, Bangladesh. Int Health. 2019 Jul 1;11(4):306–13.
22. 22. Kenne DR, Mix D, Banks M, Fischbein R. Electronic cigarette initiation and correlates of use among never, former, and current tobacco cigarette smoking college students. J Subst Use. 2016 Sep 2;21(5):491–4.
23. 23. Vatansev H, Kutlu R, Gülerarslan Özdengül A, Demırbas N, Taşer S, Yılmaz F. Medicine and Communication Faculty Students of Tobacco and Tobacco Products Usage Differences. Ankara Med J. 2019 Jun 28;19(2):344–56.
24. 24. Sreeramareddy CT, Kishore P V., Paudel J, Menezes RG. Prevalence and correlates of tobacco use amongst junior collegiates in twin cities of western Nepal: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey. BMC Public Health. 2008 Mar 26;8(1):1–8.
25. 25. Ulukoca N, Gökgöz Ş, Karakoç A. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Öğrencileri Arasında Sigara, Alkol ve Madde Kullanım Sıklığı. Fırat Tıp Derg. 2013;18(4):230–4.