Batı Akdeniz Bölgesi Örtü Altı Domates Alanlarında Sorun Olan Canavar Otu (Phelipanche spp.) Türlerinden İzole Edilen Funguslar

Abstract

Canavar otları (Phelipanche spp. ve Orobanche spp.), Akdeniz ikliminin hâkim olduğu ülkelerde, birçok kültür bitkisinde sorun olan tam parazit yabancı otlardır. Dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Pers.) Pomel ve P. ramosa (L.) domates üretiminde önemli verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olan türlerdir. Canavar otlarının mücadelesinde mikroorganizmalar ve özellikle de funguslar biyokontrol ajanı olarak büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin Batı Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde yer alan Antalya, Burdur ve Isparta illeri örtü altı domates alanlarında sorun olan canavar otu türlerinden izole edilen fungusların belirlenmesi amacıyla 2023 yılında yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, Eylül ve Ekim aylarında domates seralarında gerçekleştirilen surveylerde fungal belirti gösteren canavar otları toplanmıştır. Bu kapsamda toplam 50 adet domates serasından enfekteli örnek toplanmış ve bu seralardan toplanan lezyonlu canavar otlarından 99 adet fungal izolat elde edilmiştir. İzolatlar morfolojik olarak karakterize edilerek cins düzeyinde tanılamaları yapılmış ve bunların 69 tanesinin Fusarium spp., 30 tanesinin ise Rhizoctonia spp. olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de bu konuda yürütülen ilk çalışma olmakla birlikte, Batı Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde canavar otu ile ilişkilendirilen fungal çeşitliliğin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamakta ve bu fungusların biyolojik kontrol potansiyellerini araştırmak için temel oluşturmaktadır.

Keywords

• Parazit bitki
• fungus
• Fusarium
• Rhizoctonia
• biyolojik mücadele

Fungi Isolated From Broomrape Species (Phelipanche spp.) in Tomato Greenhouses of The Western Mediterranean Region

Abstract

Broomrape (Phelipanche spp. and Orobanche spp.) are holoparasitic weeds, causes a significant problem in various crops in the Mediterranean countries. Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Pers.) Pomel and Phelipanche ramosa (L.) are species that cause significant yield and quality losses in tomato production. Microorganisms, especially fungi, can be utilized as biocontrol agents in controlling broomrapes. This study was conducted in 2023, aimed to identify fungi isolated from parasitic weed species causes problems in greenhouse tomato areas in the Western Mediterranean Region of Türkiye, specifically in Antalya, Burdur, and Isparta provinces. During surveys conducted in tomato greenhouses in September and October, parasitic weeds exhibiting fungal symptoms were collected. The infected broomrape samples were collected from 50 tomato greenhouses and 99 fungi were obtained from the infected broomrape plants. The fungi were morphologically characterized and identified at the genus level. Consequently, 69 of the isolated fungi were identified as Fusarium spp., and 30 as Rhizoctonia spp. This study, is the first study conducted on this subject in Turkiye, contributes to understand the fungal diversity associated with parasitic weeds in the Western Mediterranean Region and provides a basis for researching the biological control potentials of these fungi.

Keywords

• Parasitic weed
• fungus
• Fusarium
• Rhizoctonia
• biological control

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