Research Article
The Effectiveness of E-Learning Environment in Developing Academic Achievement and the Attitude to Learn English among Primary Students
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the effectiveness of e-learning environment in developing academic achievement and the attitude towards learning English among the 5th grade primary students. To achieve this purpose, an e-learning environment is designed and an achievement test and a scale for measuring attitude towards learning English are prepared. The quasi-experimental approach was applied to a sample of the 5th grade students, divided into a control group taught through the traditional method and an experimental group taught through an e-learning environment. The achievement test and English learning attitude scale were applied pre- and post- teaching. The study concluded that there were statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group in both the post-achievement test and English learning attitude scale.
References
- Abu-Khatwa, A. (2016). Massive open online courses (MOOCs) and the globalization of education. Magazine of E-Learning, 14. Abu Shaqer, M. (2014). The impact of using blended learning in teaching writing in English on developing the attitudes of 10th grade students in Gaza towards its use. Journal of Reading and Learning, 157, 145 – 172. Ahmed, R. (2014). The effectiveness of virtual and personal learning environments in acquiring student teachers some skills in computer security and attitude towards it (PhD thesis). The Institute of Educational Studies, Cairo University, Cairo. Atmezi, G. (2010). A flexible e-learning management system to support education in traditional open universities. Available at: https://sites.google.com/site/jamilitmazi/arb Al- Bassiouni, M. (2012). Develop an e-learning environment in the light of constructive learning theories to develop programming skills among student teachers of Computer. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Mansoura, 2(78), 293-371. Al-Bunian, A. (2012). The level of Saudi students in English at the intermediate and secondary stages in governmental and private schools: a comparative study. Journal of King Faisal University (Humanities and administrative science), 4 (1), 179-2004. Al-Garf, R. S. (2004). Youth attitude Towards the Use of Arabic and English languages in Education. Available at: http://www.diwanalarab.com.spip.php118k? Article748 Hassan, I. S. (2015). The use of virtual classes in distance learning program from Faculty members’ perspective, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. (Master Thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. Al-Husari, A. (2016). The Attitudes of First Year Secondary Students towards the Contents of the Royal Geography Unit and its Relationship to Sex, specialization, and teaching strategy. University of Damascus, Syria, 2 (2). Available at: http:www.damascusuniversity.edu.sy...mag/53000.pd Albayrak, M., & Albayrak, G. (2016). E-Learning Environments for New Generation. Journal of Suleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences, 1030-1037. Al-ghamdy, M. (2012). Using SMS as a supportive method of teaching and its impact on achievement and attitudes of the Preparatory Year students at Al- Baha University towards English language learning (MA. thesis). Al- Baha University, KSA. Al-Khalifa, H. (2007). Modern trends and developments in the e-learning service: A comparative study among four models of distance learning. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A working paper presented to the seminar: the Future School, College of Education. Al-Khalifa, H. (2008). Comparison between blogs and Jusur learning management system. A paper presented at the First Conference for E-learning and Distance Learning, Riyadh. Al-Khedr, E. (2013). The Learning environment. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University. Al-Maghawry, T. (2015). Virtual university. E-learning Magazine, 9, 1-41. Al-Muteiri, M. (2013). Personal e-learning environments and their effect on the education process (PhD thesis). Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University. Al-Sayed, A. (2016). Designing a virtual environment based on social networks for the development of academic achievement and attitude towards teamwork among hearing impaired students (MA thesis). Faculty of Education. Mansoura University. Aouachria, E. (2015). Attitudes of middle school students towards learning English as a second foreign language in Algeria. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 16(1), 475–497. Al-Zanebat, A. (2016). A proposed e-environment for the development of cognitive tasks associated with some web-based Interactive applications among faculty members at Mu'tah University. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 173, 217-238. Al-Rahimi, A. (2016). Difficulties Facing the Students of the Preparatory Year at the Saudi Electronic University in learning English and their attitudes towards it. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 176.57-94. Al-Shatti, M. A. (2007). Towards a framework for a personal learning environment: A blog. Available at: http: mohamedaminechatti.blogspot.com/2007/03/lms-vs-ple.html Al-Shuhri, A. (2013). The effect of using integrated education on learning some grammars among English language students at King Khalid University and their attitudes towards it. Unpublished PhD thesis. Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. Al-Shuhri, M. A. (2014). The Effect of using Noor Educational Portal on Learning English Grammar among Second Grade Students in Riyadh City. Master Thesis. Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia. Al-Saeagh, R. B. (2012). The Impact of using programmed learning based on animation in academic achievement in English language among sixth grade students and their attitude towards it. MA thesis. Faculty of Education, University of Umm Al-Qura, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Al-Sanea, O. J. (2009). Reasons for the low level of primary school pupils in the English language subject from the point of view of their Teachers in Kuwait. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 91, 14-41. Al-Saghir, K. M. (2008). The Constraints of learning English in Saudi Arabia. Al Jazeera. Available at: www.al-jazirah.com/2007/20070303/en2.htm. Al-Deferi, A. K. (2014). An e-learning environment-based program for the development of basic leadership skills among the Students of the Faculty of Education in Kuwait. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 149, 33-59. Abdel Hamid, A. T. (2010). E-Learning and Education Technology Innovations. Modern Library. Abdel Hamid, M. (2009). Network Education System. Cairo: World of Books, II. Abdel Dayem, K. and Nassar, A. (2012). The use of e-learning environments and its relationship to Achievement motivation among Al-Quds Open University students in North Gaza Educational Zone. Palestinian Open Education journal, 3 (6), 171-216. Abdul Latif, H. (2014). The Impact of Developing Virtual Learning Environments in Light of Their Design Standards on providing students with educational design skills for e-courses. Unpublished MA thesis. Ain Shams University, Faculty of Specific Education, Department of Educational Technology. Al-Zoubi, R. R. (2013). Engaging students in learning English and its relation to each of the students' relationship with the English teachers and their attitudes towards learning it. Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, 9 (2), 221-241. Aql, M. (2012). Designing an e-learning environment for developing the skills of designing learning items. Journal of Scientific Research in Education, 13(1), 387-417. Arend, B. (2009). Encouraging critical thinking in online threaded discussions. The Journal of Educators Online, 6 (1), 1-23. Belfer, K., Nesbit, J., Leacock, T. (2002). Learning object review instrument (LORI). Version 1N4. Chou, S. W., & Liu, C. H. (2005). Learning effectiveness in a web‐based virtual learning environment: A learner control perspective. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21(1), 65-76. Conceicao Runlee & Daley, B (2003). Constructivist Learning Theory to Web-Based Course Design. An Instructional Design Approach. Fadel, H. (2016). The effect of blending e-learning environments and social media on developing the skills of teacher-students in the field of computer maintenance. Journal of the Faculty of Specific Education, 3. Hamdy, R. M. (2011). The Impact of Employing a Personal E-Learning Environment in Developing Content Design Skills. The 7th Scientific Conference of the Arab association for Educational Technology (E-Learning and the Challenges of Arab: Interactive Learning Communities), Egypt, 1, 315-354. Harrington, C. & Aloni, M. (2013). Promoting critical thinking through online discussion: Developing questions and managing conversations. Paper presented at Lilly Conference on College and University Teaching, Middlesex County College. Hassan, E. (2015). The reality of using virtual classrooms in the distance education program from the perspective of faculty members at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah (MA thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Hou, H. (2010). Explore the behavioral patterns in project-based learning with online discussion: quantitative content analyses and progressive sequential analysis. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 9(3). Ibraheem, A. & Ismail, A. (2014). The Effect of Environment Design of Cooperative Electronic Learning Based on Some Websites Tools 2 According to the Principles of Communicative Theory on the Development of Personal Knowledge Management Skills for Computer Students. Journal of Arabic Studies in Psychology, 81-184. Khamees, M. A. (2000). Standards for the design and production of multimedia / interactive systems. Seventh Scientific Conference of the Egyptian Association for Educational Technology. Under the title of educational technology system in schools and universities. Faculty of Specific Education, Kafr El-Sheikh: Tanta University. Konlechner, K. (2014). Virtual Learning Environments in IB schools–potential, possibilities, and pitfalls (MA. thesis). Swedish Research School of Management and Information Technology, Sweden. Krauss, F., Ally, M. (2005). A Study of the Design and Evaluation of a Learning Object and Implications for Content Development. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Ob jects, 1(1). Linn, M. C. (2000). Designing the knowledge integration Environment. International journal of Science Education, 22 (8). Madi, A. (2015). Creating a social network- educational environment and its effectiveness in developing the skills of e-learning environments and self-learning among educational technology students (MA thesis). Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University. Mooney, A. & Bergin, S. (2014). An analysis of alternative approaches for the distribution of lecture notes with the aid of a virtual learning environment to promote class engagement. The All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 6 (2), 1761-17613. Marouf, S. and Nasser, Y. (2010). Students' attitudes toward English language in relation to achievement in the light of the prevailing classroom management patterns (field study on a sample of first-grade secondary students in Damascus Public and Private Schools. Damascus University Journal, 26, (1 + 2), 739-771. Al-Maghawry, T. (2015). Virtual University. E-Learning Journal, (9). Alexandria University. El-Manaei, A. (2002). Educational Computer Software: Production and Evaluation Standards. Mission of Education - Sultanate of Oman, (2), 106-111. Mansour, A. H. (2001). E-School in Learning Environments. The 8th Annual Conference of the Egyptian Association For Learning Technology in cooperation with the Girls College - Ain Shams University, 29-31 October, Cairo. Moore, Joi L.; Dickson-Deane, Camille; Galyen, Krista. (2011). e-Learning, Online Learning, and Distance Learning Environments: Are They the Same? Internet and Higher Education, Journal Articles; Reports – Evaluative v14 n2,129-135 Mar. Al-Najar, M. (2013). Strategies for Professional Web Development from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Academy For publishing and scientific services. Oliver. K. (2000). Methods for Developing Constructivist Learning on the Web. Educational Technology, 40 Omale, N.j Hung, W., Luetkehans, L., Plagwitz J. (2009). Learning in 3-D multiuser virtual environments: Exploring the use of unique 3-Dattributes for online problem-based learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 40. Al-Wahr, M. (2002). The degree of science teachers’ knowledge of structural theory and the impact of their academic and educational qualification and gender. Journal of the Educational Research Center, 22, Qatar University Qatami, Y. (2000). Child Cognitive and Linguistic Development. Al-Ahlia for Publishing & Distribution. Amman, Jordan, 4-83. The Eighth Conference of the Egyptian Association for Educational Technology. (2001). In cooperation with the Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University. 29- 30 October Cairo, 505 – 512. The 10th Conference of the Egyptian Association for Educational Technology. (2005). In cooperation with the Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University. Entitled "E-Learning Technology and Total Quality Requirements". 5-7 July. The 13th Conference of Information Systems and Computer Technology. (2006). Egypt: Cairo. 14-16 February. Romero-Frías, E., & Arquero, J. L. (2013). A view on personal learning environments through approaches to learning. International Journal for Innovation and Quality in Learning, 1, 29-36. Salman, A. R. (2010). The effect of using a smart virtual learning environment with variable cognitive controls on the development of Innovative thinking among educational technology learners. PhD thesis. Cairo University, Egypt. Sayed, N. (2016). The effect of a proposed e-learning environment based on structuralism on the development of design skills and the production of digital repositories for the students of educational technology based on their cognitive needs (PhD thesis). Cairo University, Egypt. Van Harmelen, M (2006): Personal Learning Environments. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 06), IEEE. Available at: http://octette.cs.man.ac.uk/jitt/index.php/Personal_Learning_Environment Wu, P., Yu, S., & Wang, D. (2018). Using a learner-topic model for mining learner interests in open learning environments. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(2), 192-204. Yang, F., Tsai, M., Chiou, G., Lee, S., Chang, C., & Chen, L. (2018). Instructional suggestions supporting science learning in digital environments based on a review of eye tracking studies. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(2), 28-45.
Year 2019,
Volume: 20 Issue: 2, 176 - 194, 01.04.2019
Abstract
References
- Abu-Khatwa, A. (2016). Massive open online courses (MOOCs) and the globalization of education. Magazine of E-Learning, 14. Abu Shaqer, M. (2014). The impact of using blended learning in teaching writing in English on developing the attitudes of 10th grade students in Gaza towards its use. Journal of Reading and Learning, 157, 145 – 172. Ahmed, R. (2014). The effectiveness of virtual and personal learning environments in acquiring student teachers some skills in computer security and attitude towards it (PhD thesis). The Institute of Educational Studies, Cairo University, Cairo. Atmezi, G. (2010). A flexible e-learning management system to support education in traditional open universities. Available at: https://sites.google.com/site/jamilitmazi/arb Al- Bassiouni, M. (2012). Develop an e-learning environment in the light of constructive learning theories to develop programming skills among student teachers of Computer. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Mansoura, 2(78), 293-371. Al-Bunian, A. (2012). The level of Saudi students in English at the intermediate and secondary stages in governmental and private schools: a comparative study. Journal of King Faisal University (Humanities and administrative science), 4 (1), 179-2004. Al-Garf, R. S. (2004). Youth attitude Towards the Use of Arabic and English languages in Education. Available at: http://www.diwanalarab.com.spip.php118k? Article748 Hassan, I. S. (2015). The use of virtual classes in distance learning program from Faculty members’ perspective, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. (Master Thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. Al-Husari, A. (2016). The Attitudes of First Year Secondary Students towards the Contents of the Royal Geography Unit and its Relationship to Sex, specialization, and teaching strategy. University of Damascus, Syria, 2 (2). Available at: http:www.damascusuniversity.edu.sy...mag/53000.pd Albayrak, M., & Albayrak, G. (2016). E-Learning Environments for New Generation. Journal of Suleyman Demirel University Institute of Social Sciences, 1030-1037. Al-ghamdy, M. (2012). Using SMS as a supportive method of teaching and its impact on achievement and attitudes of the Preparatory Year students at Al- Baha University towards English language learning (MA. thesis). Al- Baha University, KSA. Al-Khalifa, H. (2007). Modern trends and developments in the e-learning service: A comparative study among four models of distance learning. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A working paper presented to the seminar: the Future School, College of Education. Al-Khalifa, H. (2008). Comparison between blogs and Jusur learning management system. A paper presented at the First Conference for E-learning and Distance Learning, Riyadh. Al-Khedr, E. (2013). The Learning environment. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University. Al-Maghawry, T. (2015). Virtual university. E-learning Magazine, 9, 1-41. Al-Muteiri, M. (2013). Personal e-learning environments and their effect on the education process (PhD thesis). Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University. Al-Sayed, A. (2016). Designing a virtual environment based on social networks for the development of academic achievement and attitude towards teamwork among hearing impaired students (MA thesis). Faculty of Education. Mansoura University. Aouachria, E. (2015). Attitudes of middle school students towards learning English as a second foreign language in Algeria. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 16(1), 475–497. Al-Zanebat, A. (2016). A proposed e-environment for the development of cognitive tasks associated with some web-based Interactive applications among faculty members at Mu'tah University. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 173, 217-238. Al-Rahimi, A. (2016). Difficulties Facing the Students of the Preparatory Year at the Saudi Electronic University in learning English and their attitudes towards it. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 176.57-94. Al-Shatti, M. A. (2007). Towards a framework for a personal learning environment: A blog. Available at: http: mohamedaminechatti.blogspot.com/2007/03/lms-vs-ple.html Al-Shuhri, A. (2013). The effect of using integrated education on learning some grammars among English language students at King Khalid University and their attitudes towards it. Unpublished PhD thesis. Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia. Al-Shuhri, M. A. (2014). The Effect of using Noor Educational Portal on Learning English Grammar among Second Grade Students in Riyadh City. Master Thesis. Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia. Al-Saeagh, R. B. (2012). The Impact of using programmed learning based on animation in academic achievement in English language among sixth grade students and their attitude towards it. MA thesis. Faculty of Education, University of Umm Al-Qura, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Al-Sanea, O. J. (2009). Reasons for the low level of primary school pupils in the English language subject from the point of view of their Teachers in Kuwait. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 91, 14-41. Al-Saghir, K. M. (2008). The Constraints of learning English in Saudi Arabia. Al Jazeera. Available at: www.al-jazirah.com/2007/20070303/en2.htm. Al-Deferi, A. K. (2014). An e-learning environment-based program for the development of basic leadership skills among the Students of the Faculty of Education in Kuwait. Journal of Reading and Knowledge, 149, 33-59. Abdel Hamid, A. T. (2010). E-Learning and Education Technology Innovations. Modern Library. Abdel Hamid, M. (2009). Network Education System. Cairo: World of Books, II. Abdel Dayem, K. and Nassar, A. (2012). The use of e-learning environments and its relationship to Achievement motivation among Al-Quds Open University students in North Gaza Educational Zone. Palestinian Open Education journal, 3 (6), 171-216. Abdul Latif, H. (2014). The Impact of Developing Virtual Learning Environments in Light of Their Design Standards on providing students with educational design skills for e-courses. Unpublished MA thesis. Ain Shams University, Faculty of Specific Education, Department of Educational Technology. Al-Zoubi, R. R. (2013). Engaging students in learning English and its relation to each of the students' relationship with the English teachers and their attitudes towards learning it. Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, 9 (2), 221-241. Aql, M. (2012). Designing an e-learning environment for developing the skills of designing learning items. Journal of Scientific Research in Education, 13(1), 387-417. Arend, B. (2009). Encouraging critical thinking in online threaded discussions. The Journal of Educators Online, 6 (1), 1-23. Belfer, K., Nesbit, J., Leacock, T. (2002). Learning object review instrument (LORI). Version 1N4. Chou, S. W., & Liu, C. H. (2005). Learning effectiveness in a web‐based virtual learning environment: A learner control perspective. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21(1), 65-76. Conceicao Runlee & Daley, B (2003). Constructivist Learning Theory to Web-Based Course Design. An Instructional Design Approach. Fadel, H. (2016). The effect of blending e-learning environments and social media on developing the skills of teacher-students in the field of computer maintenance. Journal of the Faculty of Specific Education, 3. Hamdy, R. M. (2011). The Impact of Employing a Personal E-Learning Environment in Developing Content Design Skills. The 7th Scientific Conference of the Arab association for Educational Technology (E-Learning and the Challenges of Arab: Interactive Learning Communities), Egypt, 1, 315-354. Harrington, C. & Aloni, M. (2013). Promoting critical thinking through online discussion: Developing questions and managing conversations. Paper presented at Lilly Conference on College and University Teaching, Middlesex County College. Hassan, E. (2015). The reality of using virtual classrooms in the distance education program from the perspective of faculty members at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah (MA thesis). Umm Al-Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Hou, H. (2010). Explore the behavioral patterns in project-based learning with online discussion: quantitative content analyses and progressive sequential analysis. The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 9(3). Ibraheem, A. & Ismail, A. (2014). The Effect of Environment Design of Cooperative Electronic Learning Based on Some Websites Tools 2 According to the Principles of Communicative Theory on the Development of Personal Knowledge Management Skills for Computer Students. Journal of Arabic Studies in Psychology, 81-184. Khamees, M. A. (2000). Standards for the design and production of multimedia / interactive systems. Seventh Scientific Conference of the Egyptian Association for Educational Technology. Under the title of educational technology system in schools and universities. Faculty of Specific Education, Kafr El-Sheikh: Tanta University. Konlechner, K. (2014). Virtual Learning Environments in IB schools–potential, possibilities, and pitfalls (MA. thesis). Swedish Research School of Management and Information Technology, Sweden. Krauss, F., Ally, M. (2005). A Study of the Design and Evaluation of a Learning Object and Implications for Content Development. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Ob jects, 1(1). Linn, M. C. (2000). Designing the knowledge integration Environment. International journal of Science Education, 22 (8). Madi, A. (2015). Creating a social network- educational environment and its effectiveness in developing the skills of e-learning environments and self-learning among educational technology students (MA thesis). Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University. Mooney, A. & Bergin, S. (2014). An analysis of alternative approaches for the distribution of lecture notes with the aid of a virtual learning environment to promote class engagement. The All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 6 (2), 1761-17613. Marouf, S. and Nasser, Y. (2010). Students' attitudes toward English language in relation to achievement in the light of the prevailing classroom management patterns (field study on a sample of first-grade secondary students in Damascus Public and Private Schools. Damascus University Journal, 26, (1 + 2), 739-771. Al-Maghawry, T. (2015). Virtual University. E-Learning Journal, (9). Alexandria University. El-Manaei, A. (2002). Educational Computer Software: Production and Evaluation Standards. Mission of Education - Sultanate of Oman, (2), 106-111. Mansour, A. H. (2001). E-School in Learning Environments. The 8th Annual Conference of the Egyptian Association For Learning Technology in cooperation with the Girls College - Ain Shams University, 29-31 October, Cairo. Moore, Joi L.; Dickson-Deane, Camille; Galyen, Krista. (2011). e-Learning, Online Learning, and Distance Learning Environments: Are They the Same? Internet and Higher Education, Journal Articles; Reports – Evaluative v14 n2,129-135 Mar. Al-Najar, M. (2013). Strategies for Professional Web Development from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0. Academy For publishing and scientific services. Oliver. K. (2000). Methods for Developing Constructivist Learning on the Web. Educational Technology, 40 Omale, N.j Hung, W., Luetkehans, L., Plagwitz J. (2009). Learning in 3-D multiuser virtual environments: Exploring the use of unique 3-Dattributes for online problem-based learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 40. Al-Wahr, M. (2002). The degree of science teachers’ knowledge of structural theory and the impact of their academic and educational qualification and gender. Journal of the Educational Research Center, 22, Qatar University Qatami, Y. (2000). Child Cognitive and Linguistic Development. Al-Ahlia for Publishing & Distribution. Amman, Jordan, 4-83. The Eighth Conference of the Egyptian Association for Educational Technology. (2001). In cooperation with the Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University. 29- 30 October Cairo, 505 – 512. The 10th Conference of the Egyptian Association for Educational Technology. (2005). In cooperation with the Faculty of Girls, Ain Shams University. Entitled "E-Learning Technology and Total Quality Requirements". 5-7 July. The 13th Conference of Information Systems and Computer Technology. (2006). Egypt: Cairo. 14-16 February. Romero-Frías, E., & Arquero, J. L. (2013). A view on personal learning environments through approaches to learning. International Journal for Innovation and Quality in Learning, 1, 29-36. Salman, A. R. (2010). The effect of using a smart virtual learning environment with variable cognitive controls on the development of Innovative thinking among educational technology learners. PhD thesis. Cairo University, Egypt. Sayed, N. (2016). The effect of a proposed e-learning environment based on structuralism on the development of design skills and the production of digital repositories for the students of educational technology based on their cognitive needs (PhD thesis). Cairo University, Egypt. Van Harmelen, M (2006): Personal Learning Environments. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 06), IEEE. Available at: http://octette.cs.man.ac.uk/jitt/index.php/Personal_Learning_Environment Wu, P., Yu, S., & Wang, D. (2018). Using a learner-topic model for mining learner interests in open learning environments. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(2), 192-204. Yang, F., Tsai, M., Chiou, G., Lee, S., Chang, C., & Chen, L. (2018). Instructional suggestions supporting science learning in digital environments based on a review of eye tracking studies. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(2), 28-45.
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Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | June 6, 2018 |
| Publication Date | April 1, 2019 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.557862 |
| IZ | https://izlik.org/JA92YR66UT |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 20 Issue: 2 |