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Postmodernizm, Identity Status and Life Satisfaction

Year 2009, Volume: 4 Issue: 31, 32 - 42, 26.04.2009

Abstract

Postmodernizm, identity status and life satisfaction. Erikson’s ‘Psychosocial Development Theory’ has continued to inspire numerous studies since the1950’s. Research provided a strong support for Erikson’s theory as a crucial theory in explaining individual’s development in different developmental stages and across cultures. However, in recent years Erikson’s theory has been subject of some criticism on the ground that the theory is more appropriate in explaining modern man and inefficient in explaining the development taking place within today’s everlasting changing context, which is described by most as postmodernism. The purpose of this study was to test whether the identity statuses of individuals who endorse post modern values and modern values differ and to determine the predictive value of postmodern values and identity status in explaining life satisfaction. For this purpose, 232 college students responded to the items measuring their identity statuses, post modern and modern values and life satisfaction. In the data analyses, the correlation, ANOVA and regression analyses were used. According to the results, there was no difference between individuals who endorse modern values or post modern values; however, indivuduals who endorse modern values reported more diffusion and foreclosure status and less identity achievement. Further, while endorsement of post modern values, moratorium and diffusion status predicted life satisfaction negatively, identity achievement predicted life satisfaction positively. The results were in line with previous research supporting Erikson’s theory, proving the theory still as a useful and valid theory.

References

  • Adams, G. R., Berzonsky, M. D. ve Keating, L. (2006). Psychological resources in first-year university stu- dents: The role of identity processes and social rela- tionship. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(1), 81-91.
  • Adams, G. R., Gulotta, T. P. ve Montemayor, R. (1992). Adolescent identity formation: Advances in adoles- cent development. London: Sage.
  • Akça, G. (2005). Modernden postmoderne kültür ve kim- lik. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15, 232-256.
  • Alberts, C. ve Meyer, J.C. (1998). The relationship be- tween Marcia’s ego identity statuses and selected per- sonality variables in an African context. Interna- tional Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 20, 277-288.
  • An, J. S. ve Cooney, T. M. (2006). Psychological well- being in mid to late life: The role of generativity de- velopment and parent-child relationships across the lifespan. International Journal of Behavioral Devel- opment, 30, 410-421.
  • Aydın, S. (1998). Kimlik sorunu, ulusallık ve Türk kim- liği. Ankara: Öteki Yayınları.
  • Bennion, L. D. ve Adams, G. R. (1986). A revision of the extended version of the objective measure for ego identity status: An identity instrument for use with late adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 1, 183-197.
  • Berzonsky, M. D. (2005). Ego identity: A personal stand- point in a postmodern world. Identity: An Interna- tional Journal of Theory and Research, 5 (2), 125- 136.
  • Berzonsky, M.D., ve Adams, G.R. (1999). Reevaluating the identity status paradign: still useful after 35 years. Developmental Review, 19, 557-590.
  • Cakır, S. G., ve Aydın, G. (2005). Parental attitudes and ego identity status of Turkish adolescents. Adoles- cence, 40, 847-859.
  • Crawford, T. N, Cohen, P., Johnson, J.G., Sneed, J. R. ve Brook, J. S. (2004). The course and psychosocial cor- relates of personality disorder symptoms in adoles- cence: Erikson's developmental theory revisited. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 373.
  • Curry, P. ve O’Connell, M. F. (2000). Post-materialist values and political preference. Some unlikely find- ings from Northern Ireland. European Journal of Po- litical Research, 37, 19-30.
  • Drapeau, M. (2004). An exploratory study of the wishes and fears of pedophiles - An Eriksonian perspective. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 6, 37-43.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J. ve Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
  • Duman, M. Z. (2007). Modernden post-moderne geçişte kimlik tartışmaları ve çokkültürlülük. Uluslararası İlişkiler, 4 (13), 3-24.
  • Erikson, E. H. (1959). Identity and the life cycle: Selected papers. Psychological Issues, 1, 1-171
  • Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and society. New York: Penguin.
  • Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. NewY- ork: Norton.
  • Fitch, S. A. ve Adams, G. R. (1983). Ego identity and in- timacy status: Replication and extension. Develop- mental Psychology, 19, 839-845.
  • Flouri, E. (2001). The role of family togetherness and right-wing attitudes in adolescent materialism. Jour- nal of Socio Economics, 5, 258-276.
  • Fowler, J. W. ve Dell, M. L. (2004). Stages of faith and identity: Birth to teens. Child and Adolescent Psychi- atric Clinics of North America, 13, 17-33.
  • Geertz, C. (1984). From the native’s point of view. In Shweder, R., LeVine R. (Eds.), Culture Theory (pp. 123-136). Cambridge, England: Cambridge Univer- sity Press.
  • Goebel, B. L. ve Boeck, B. E. (1987). Ego integrity and fear of death: A comparison of institutionalized and independently living older adults. Death Studies, 11, 193-204.
  • Gökşen, F., Adaman, F. ve Zenginobuz, E. Ü. (2002). On environmental concern, willingness to pay, and Post- materialist values: Evidence from İstanbul. Environ- ment and Behaviour, 34, 2-24.
  • Hardy, S. A. ve Kisling, J. W. (2006). Identity statuses and prosocial behaviors in young adulthood: A brief report. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 6, 363-369.
  • Hoare, C. H. (1991). Psychosocial identity development and cultural others. Journal of Counseling ve Devel- opment, 70, 45-53.
  • Hofer, J., Kärtner, J., Chasiotis, A., Busch, H., ve Ki- essling, F. (2007). Socio-cultural aspects of identity formation: The relationship between commitment and well-being in student samples from Cameroon and Germany. Identity, 7 (4), 265-288.
  • Inglehart, R. (1990). Culture shift. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Kasser, T. ve Ryan, R. M. (1993). A dark side of Ameri- can dream: Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration. Journal of Personality and Social Psy- chology, 65, 410-422.
  • Keyman, F. (1995). Türkiye ve radikal demokrasiç İstan- bul: Bağlam Yayınları.
  • Köker, S. (1991). Normal ve sorunlu ergenlerde yaşam doyumu düzeyinin karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek LisansTezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kowaz, A. M., ve Marcia, J. E. (1991). Development and validation of a measure of Eriksonian industry. Jour- nal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 390- 397.
  • Kvale, S. (1992). Psychology and postmodernism. London: Sage Publications.
  • Lewis, T. F. (2006). Discriminating among levels of col- lege student drinking through an eriksonian theoreti- cal framework. Journal of Addictions ve Offender Counseling, 27, 28-45.
  • Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego- identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3, 551-558.
  • Marcia, J. (1967). Ego identity status: Relationship to change in self-esteem, general maladjustment, and authoritarianism. Journal of Personality, 35, 119- 133.
  • Marcia, J. E. (1993). The status of the statuses: Research review. In Marcia, J. E. Waterman, A. S. Matteson, D. R.. Archer, S. L. ve Orlofsky (Eds.), Ego Identity: A Handbook for Psychosocial Research (pp. 22-41). Newyork: Springer-Verlag.
  • Marcia, J. E. (2002). Identity and psychosocial development in adulthood. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 2, 7-28.
  • Marcia, J. E., Hoopes, J. L., Stein, L. M., Rosenthal, D. A. ve Rauste-von Wright, M. (1989). Identity and cop- ing in adolescence. In Luszcz, Mary A. (Ed); Nettel- beck, Ted (Ed), Psychological Development: Per- spectives Across the Life-span. (pp. 289-318). Ox- ford, England: North-Holland.
  • Marcia, J., Waterman, A., Matteson, D., Archer, S., ve Orlofsky, J. (1993). Ego identity: A handbook of psy- chosocial research. New York: Springer.
  • Markstrom, C.A. ve Kalmanir, H.M. (2001). Linkages between the psychosocial stages of identity and inti- macy and the ego strengths of fidelity and love. Iden- tity: An International Journal of Theory and Re- search, 1, 179-196.
  • Massie, H. ve Szajnberg, N. (2002). The relationship be- tween mothering in infancy, childhood experience, and adult mental health: Results of the Brody pro- spective longitudinal study from birth to age 30. Journal of Psycho-analysis, 83(1), 35-55.
  • Montgomery, M. J. (2005). Psychosocial intimacy and identity: From early adolescence to emerging adult- hood . Journal of Adolescent Research, 20, 346-374.
  • Oskay, G. (1998).Genisletilmis objektif ego kimlik statüsü ölçeginin (extended objective measure of ego identity status)-EOM-EIS' in Türkçeye uyarlanması. Türk Psi- kolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 2(9), 17-24.
  • Öncü, A. ve Weyland, P. (2005). Mekan, kültür, iktidar: Küreselleşen kentlerde yeni kimlikler. İstanbul: İlet- işim Yayıncılık.
  • Özkırımlı, U. (1999). Milliyetcilik kuramları. İstanbul: Sarmal Yayınları.
  • Peterson, B. E., Smirles, K A. ve Wentworth, P. A. (1997). Generativity and authoritarianism: Implications for personality, political involvement and parenting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1202-121.
  • Rattansi, A. ve Phoenix, A. (1997) Rethinking youth identities: Modernist and postmodernist frameworks. in Bynner, J., Chisholm, L. and Furlong, A. (eds). Youth, Citizenship and Social Change in a European Context, pp. 121-150. Aldershot: Ashgate.
  • Rattansi, A. ve Phoenix, A. (2005). Rethinking youth iden- tities: Modernist and postmodernist frameworks. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Re- search, 5, 97-123.
  • Rego, A. ve Cunha, M. P.(2009). How individualism– collectivism orientations predict happiness in a col- lectivistic context. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10 (1), 19-35.
  • Richins, M. L. ve Dawson, S. (1992). A consumer values orientation for materialism and its measurement: Scale development and validation. Journal of Con- sumer Research, 23, 312-325.
  • Rotenberg, K. J., Schaut, G. B. ve O'Connor, B. (1993). The role of identity development and psychosocial intimacy in marital success. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 12, 198-217.
  • Schwartz, S. J., Pantin, H., Prado, G., Sullivan, S. ve J. Szapocznik (2005). Family functioning, identity, and problem behavior in Hispanic immigrant early ado- lescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 392- 420.
  • Serdar, Z. (2001). Postmodernizm ve öteki. (Çev. Gokce Kacmaz). İstanbul: Söylem Yayınları.
  • Slugoski, B.R., Marcia, J. E. ve Koopman, R.F. (1984). Cognitive and social interactional characteristics of ego identity statuses in college males. Journal of Per- sonality and Social Psychology, 47, 646-661.
  • Smith, M. B. (1994). Selfhood at risk: Postmodern perils and the perils of postmodernism. American Psy- chologist, 49, 405-411.
  • Sneed, C. D. (2002). Correlates and implications for agreeableness in children. Journal of Psychology: In- terdisciplinary and Applied, 136, 59-67.
  • Yetim, U. (2003). The impacts of individual- ism/collectivism, self-esteem, and feeling of mastery on life satisfaction among the Turkish university stu- dents and academicians. Social Indicators Research, 61 (3), 297-317.
  • Yılmaz, A. (1995). Modernden postmodern siyasal arayıs- lar. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Wang, W. ve Viney, L. (1996). A cross-cultural compari- son of Eriksonian psychosocial development: Chi- nese and Australian children. School Psychology İn- ternational, 17, 33-48.
  • Wang, W. ve Viney, L. (1997). The psychosocial devel- opment of children and adolescents in the People's Republic of China. International Journal of Psychol- ogy, 32(3), 139-153.
  • Waterman, A. S. (2007). Doing well: The relationship of identity status to three conceptions of well-being. Identity, 7 (4), 289-307.

Postmodern Değerler, Kimlik Oluşumu ve Yaşam Doyumu

Year 2009, Volume: 4 Issue: 31, 32 - 42, 26.04.2009

Abstract

Erikson’ın ‘Psikososyal Gelişim Kuramı’ öne sürüldüğü 1950’lerden beri sayısız çalışmaya konu olmuştur. Bu çalışmaların ortak bulgusu kuramın farklı gelişim aşamalarındaki bireyler ve farklı kültürler için geçerli olduğu yönündedir. Ancak son yıllarda Erikson’ın kuramı ve özellikle kimlik gelişimine ilişkin açıklamaları modern insanı temsil ettiği ve günümüzün post modern anlayışı çerçevesinde yetersiz kalabileceği gerekçesiyle eleştirilere maruz kalmıştır. Post modern değişim sürecinde Erikson’ın kuramı yeterliliğini yitiriyor ise post modern değerlere sahip bireylerin kimlik statüleri ile modern değerlere sahip bireylerin kimlik statüleri arasında farklılıklar olmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı post modern değerler ile modern değerleri benimseyen bireylerin kimlik statü düzeyleri açısından farklılaşıp farklışamadıklarının test edilmesi ve post modern değerler ve kimlik statülerinin yaşam doyumunu yordama gücünün belirlenmesiydi. Bu amaçla 232 üniversite öğrencisinin kimlik statüleri, post modern ve modern değerleri ve hayattan
aldıkları doyum düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde korelasyon, ANOVA ve regresyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar post modern değerlere sahip bireylerin kimlik statülerinin modern değerlere sahip bireylerin kimlik statülerinden farklılaşmadığı, ancak modern değerleri benimseyen bireylerin her iki değerlere de sahip bireylere kıyasla daha az başarılı kimlik ve daha çok kimlik kargaşası ve
bağımlı kimlikstatülerinde olduğunu göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda, kimlik statüsü ile hayattan alınan doyumun anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Spesifik olarak, yaşam doyumunu postmodern değerler, kimlik arayışı ve kimlik karmaşası statüleri olumsuz yönde yordarken başarılı kimlik statüsü olumlu yönde yordamıştır. Sonuçlar Erikson’ın kimlik gelişimine ilişkin açıklamalarının hem modern hem post modern kültürel değerlere sahip bireylerin gelişimini açıklamada geçerli olduğu görüşünü destekler niteliktedir.

References

  • Adams, G. R., Berzonsky, M. D. ve Keating, L. (2006). Psychological resources in first-year university stu- dents: The role of identity processes and social rela- tionship. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35(1), 81-91.
  • Adams, G. R., Gulotta, T. P. ve Montemayor, R. (1992). Adolescent identity formation: Advances in adoles- cent development. London: Sage.
  • Akça, G. (2005). Modernden postmoderne kültür ve kim- lik. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15, 232-256.
  • Alberts, C. ve Meyer, J.C. (1998). The relationship be- tween Marcia’s ego identity statuses and selected per- sonality variables in an African context. Interna- tional Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 20, 277-288.
  • An, J. S. ve Cooney, T. M. (2006). Psychological well- being in mid to late life: The role of generativity de- velopment and parent-child relationships across the lifespan. International Journal of Behavioral Devel- opment, 30, 410-421.
  • Aydın, S. (1998). Kimlik sorunu, ulusallık ve Türk kim- liği. Ankara: Öteki Yayınları.
  • Bennion, L. D. ve Adams, G. R. (1986). A revision of the extended version of the objective measure for ego identity status: An identity instrument for use with late adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 1, 183-197.
  • Berzonsky, M. D. (2005). Ego identity: A personal stand- point in a postmodern world. Identity: An Interna- tional Journal of Theory and Research, 5 (2), 125- 136.
  • Berzonsky, M.D., ve Adams, G.R. (1999). Reevaluating the identity status paradign: still useful after 35 years. Developmental Review, 19, 557-590.
  • Cakır, S. G., ve Aydın, G. (2005). Parental attitudes and ego identity status of Turkish adolescents. Adoles- cence, 40, 847-859.
  • Crawford, T. N, Cohen, P., Johnson, J.G., Sneed, J. R. ve Brook, J. S. (2004). The course and psychosocial cor- relates of personality disorder symptoms in adoles- cence: Erikson's developmental theory revisited. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 373.
  • Curry, P. ve O’Connell, M. F. (2000). Post-materialist values and political preference. Some unlikely find- ings from Northern Ireland. European Journal of Po- litical Research, 37, 19-30.
  • Drapeau, M. (2004). An exploratory study of the wishes and fears of pedophiles - An Eriksonian perspective. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 6, 37-43.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J. ve Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
  • Duman, M. Z. (2007). Modernden post-moderne geçişte kimlik tartışmaları ve çokkültürlülük. Uluslararası İlişkiler, 4 (13), 3-24.
  • Erikson, E. H. (1959). Identity and the life cycle: Selected papers. Psychological Issues, 1, 1-171
  • Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and society. New York: Penguin.
  • Erikson, E.H. (1968). Identity: Youth and Crisis. NewY- ork: Norton.
  • Fitch, S. A. ve Adams, G. R. (1983). Ego identity and in- timacy status: Replication and extension. Develop- mental Psychology, 19, 839-845.
  • Flouri, E. (2001). The role of family togetherness and right-wing attitudes in adolescent materialism. Jour- nal of Socio Economics, 5, 258-276.
  • Fowler, J. W. ve Dell, M. L. (2004). Stages of faith and identity: Birth to teens. Child and Adolescent Psychi- atric Clinics of North America, 13, 17-33.
  • Geertz, C. (1984). From the native’s point of view. In Shweder, R., LeVine R. (Eds.), Culture Theory (pp. 123-136). Cambridge, England: Cambridge Univer- sity Press.
  • Goebel, B. L. ve Boeck, B. E. (1987). Ego integrity and fear of death: A comparison of institutionalized and independently living older adults. Death Studies, 11, 193-204.
  • Gökşen, F., Adaman, F. ve Zenginobuz, E. Ü. (2002). On environmental concern, willingness to pay, and Post- materialist values: Evidence from İstanbul. Environ- ment and Behaviour, 34, 2-24.
  • Hardy, S. A. ve Kisling, J. W. (2006). Identity statuses and prosocial behaviors in young adulthood: A brief report. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 6, 363-369.
  • Hoare, C. H. (1991). Psychosocial identity development and cultural others. Journal of Counseling ve Devel- opment, 70, 45-53.
  • Hofer, J., Kärtner, J., Chasiotis, A., Busch, H., ve Ki- essling, F. (2007). Socio-cultural aspects of identity formation: The relationship between commitment and well-being in student samples from Cameroon and Germany. Identity, 7 (4), 265-288.
  • Inglehart, R. (1990). Culture shift. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Kasser, T. ve Ryan, R. M. (1993). A dark side of Ameri- can dream: Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration. Journal of Personality and Social Psy- chology, 65, 410-422.
  • Keyman, F. (1995). Türkiye ve radikal demokrasiç İstan- bul: Bağlam Yayınları.
  • Köker, S. (1991). Normal ve sorunlu ergenlerde yaşam doyumu düzeyinin karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek LisansTezi. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kowaz, A. M., ve Marcia, J. E. (1991). Development and validation of a measure of Eriksonian industry. Jour- nal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 390- 397.
  • Kvale, S. (1992). Psychology and postmodernism. London: Sage Publications.
  • Lewis, T. F. (2006). Discriminating among levels of col- lege student drinking through an eriksonian theoreti- cal framework. Journal of Addictions ve Offender Counseling, 27, 28-45.
  • Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego- identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3, 551-558.
  • Marcia, J. (1967). Ego identity status: Relationship to change in self-esteem, general maladjustment, and authoritarianism. Journal of Personality, 35, 119- 133.
  • Marcia, J. E. (1993). The status of the statuses: Research review. In Marcia, J. E. Waterman, A. S. Matteson, D. R.. Archer, S. L. ve Orlofsky (Eds.), Ego Identity: A Handbook for Psychosocial Research (pp. 22-41). Newyork: Springer-Verlag.
  • Marcia, J. E. (2002). Identity and psychosocial development in adulthood. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 2, 7-28.
  • Marcia, J. E., Hoopes, J. L., Stein, L. M., Rosenthal, D. A. ve Rauste-von Wright, M. (1989). Identity and cop- ing in adolescence. In Luszcz, Mary A. (Ed); Nettel- beck, Ted (Ed), Psychological Development: Per- spectives Across the Life-span. (pp. 289-318). Ox- ford, England: North-Holland.
  • Marcia, J., Waterman, A., Matteson, D., Archer, S., ve Orlofsky, J. (1993). Ego identity: A handbook of psy- chosocial research. New York: Springer.
  • Markstrom, C.A. ve Kalmanir, H.M. (2001). Linkages between the psychosocial stages of identity and inti- macy and the ego strengths of fidelity and love. Iden- tity: An International Journal of Theory and Re- search, 1, 179-196.
  • Massie, H. ve Szajnberg, N. (2002). The relationship be- tween mothering in infancy, childhood experience, and adult mental health: Results of the Brody pro- spective longitudinal study from birth to age 30. Journal of Psycho-analysis, 83(1), 35-55.
  • Montgomery, M. J. (2005). Psychosocial intimacy and identity: From early adolescence to emerging adult- hood . Journal of Adolescent Research, 20, 346-374.
  • Oskay, G. (1998).Genisletilmis objektif ego kimlik statüsü ölçeginin (extended objective measure of ego identity status)-EOM-EIS' in Türkçeye uyarlanması. Türk Psi- kolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 2(9), 17-24.
  • Öncü, A. ve Weyland, P. (2005). Mekan, kültür, iktidar: Küreselleşen kentlerde yeni kimlikler. İstanbul: İlet- işim Yayıncılık.
  • Özkırımlı, U. (1999). Milliyetcilik kuramları. İstanbul: Sarmal Yayınları.
  • Peterson, B. E., Smirles, K A. ve Wentworth, P. A. (1997). Generativity and authoritarianism: Implications for personality, political involvement and parenting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1202-121.
  • Rattansi, A. ve Phoenix, A. (1997) Rethinking youth identities: Modernist and postmodernist frameworks. in Bynner, J., Chisholm, L. and Furlong, A. (eds). Youth, Citizenship and Social Change in a European Context, pp. 121-150. Aldershot: Ashgate.
  • Rattansi, A. ve Phoenix, A. (2005). Rethinking youth iden- tities: Modernist and postmodernist frameworks. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Re- search, 5, 97-123.
  • Rego, A. ve Cunha, M. P.(2009). How individualism– collectivism orientations predict happiness in a col- lectivistic context. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10 (1), 19-35.
  • Richins, M. L. ve Dawson, S. (1992). A consumer values orientation for materialism and its measurement: Scale development and validation. Journal of Con- sumer Research, 23, 312-325.
  • Rotenberg, K. J., Schaut, G. B. ve O'Connor, B. (1993). The role of identity development and psychosocial intimacy in marital success. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 12, 198-217.
  • Schwartz, S. J., Pantin, H., Prado, G., Sullivan, S. ve J. Szapocznik (2005). Family functioning, identity, and problem behavior in Hispanic immigrant early ado- lescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 392- 420.
  • Serdar, Z. (2001). Postmodernizm ve öteki. (Çev. Gokce Kacmaz). İstanbul: Söylem Yayınları.
  • Slugoski, B.R., Marcia, J. E. ve Koopman, R.F. (1984). Cognitive and social interactional characteristics of ego identity statuses in college males. Journal of Per- sonality and Social Psychology, 47, 646-661.
  • Smith, M. B. (1994). Selfhood at risk: Postmodern perils and the perils of postmodernism. American Psy- chologist, 49, 405-411.
  • Sneed, C. D. (2002). Correlates and implications for agreeableness in children. Journal of Psychology: In- terdisciplinary and Applied, 136, 59-67.
  • Yetim, U. (2003). The impacts of individual- ism/collectivism, self-esteem, and feeling of mastery on life satisfaction among the Turkish university stu- dents and academicians. Social Indicators Research, 61 (3), 297-317.
  • Yılmaz, A. (1995). Modernden postmodern siyasal arayıs- lar. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Wang, W. ve Viney, L. (1996). A cross-cultural compari- son of Eriksonian psychosocial development: Chi- nese and Australian children. School Psychology İn- ternational, 17, 33-48.
  • Wang, W. ve Viney, L. (1997). The psychosocial devel- opment of children and adolescents in the People's Republic of China. International Journal of Psychol- ogy, 32(3), 139-153.
  • Waterman, A. S. (2007). Doing well: The relationship of identity status to three conceptions of well-being. Identity, 7 (4), 289-307.
There are 62 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Sevgi Özgüngör This is me

Publication Date April 26, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 4 Issue: 31

Cite

APA Özgüngör, S. (2009). Postmodernizm, Identity Status and Life Satisfaction. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 4(31), 32-42. https://doi.org/10.17066/pdrd.36455

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.