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Academic Procrastination in Group of High School Students: Frequency, Possible Reasons and Role of Hope

Year 2009, Volume: 4 Issue: 32, 12 - 19, 26.04.2009

Abstract

Academic procrastination in group of high school students: frequency, possible reasons and role of hope. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the frequency and possible reasons for academic procrastination in a group of high school students. The effect of state hope level on academic procrastination was also assessed. In this respect, Procrastination Assessment Scale-Student (Solomon and Rothblum, 1984) and State Hope Scale (Synder, et. al., 1996) were used as the data collection instruments and administered to 223 (120 female, 103 male) students. Results showed that 54% of the participants frequently engaged in academic procrastination, but the findings revealed no gender difference. Factor analysis performed to find out the reasons for academic procrastination yielded 4 causal factors namely; fear of failure, difficulty in making decision, laziness, and risk taking. Findings also validated that state hope level had a significant effect on academic procrastination.

References

  • Alexander, E. S. ve Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2006). Academic procrastination and role of hope as a coping strategy. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1301- 1310.
  • Arthur, N. M. (2003). When perfectionism gets on the way of performance. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 163-164.
  • Aydoğan, D. (2008). Akademik erteleme davranışının benlik saygısı, durumluk kaygı ve öz yeterliliği ile açıklanabilirliği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Anka- ra.
  • Balkıs, M. (2006). Öğretmen adaylarının davranışlarındaki erteleme eğiliminin düşünme ve karar verme tarzları ile ilişkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Ey- lül Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Beck, B. L., Koons, S. R. ve Milgrim, D. L. (2001). Correlates and consequences of behavioral procrastination: The effects of academic procrastination, self-consciousness, self-esteem, and self-handicapping. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 16(1), 3-11.
  • Beswick, G., Rothblum, E. ve Mann, L. (1988). Psychological antecedents of student procrastination. Australian Psychologist, 23(2), 207-217.
  • Bishop, J. B., Gallagher, R. P. ve Cohen, D. (2000). College students’ problems: Status, trends, and research. (Ed: Davis, D. ve Humphrey, K.) College counseling: Issues and strategies for a new millennium, (s. 89-110). American Counseling Association.
  • Brownlow, S. ve Reasinger, R. D. (2000). Putting off until tomorrow what is better done today: Academic procrastination as a function of motivation toward college work. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 15(5), 15-34.
  • Burka, J. B. ve Yuen, L. M. (1983). Procrastination: Why do you do it, what to do about it. CA: Addison- Wesley Publishing Company.
  • Cassady, J. C. ve Johnson, R. E. (2002). Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27, 270-295.
  • Chang, E. C. (1998). Hope, problem-solving ability, and coping in a college student population: Some implications for theory and practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 54, 953-962.
  • Çakıcı, D. Ç. (2003). Lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinde genel erteleme ve akademik erteleme davranışının in- celenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, An- kara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Damacela-Orellana, L. E., Tindale, R. S. ve Balcazar- Suarez, Y. (2000). Decisional and behavioral procrastination: How they relate to self-discrepancies. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 225-238.
  • Denizli, S. (2004). The role of hope and study skills in predicting test anxiety levels of university students. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Orta Doğu Tek- nik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Dewitte, S. ve Schouwenburg, H. (2002). Procrastination, temptations, and incentives: The struggle between the present and the future in procrastination and the punctual. European Journal of Personality, 16, 469- 489.
  • Ellis, A. ve Knaus, W. J. (1977). Overcoming procrastination. NY: A Signet Book.
  • Ferrari, J. R. (1989). Reliability of academic and dispositional measures of procrastination. Psychological Reports, 64, 1057-1058.
  • Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L. ve McCown, W. G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory research, and treatment. NY: Plenum Press.
  • Ferrari, J. R., Uzun Özer, B. ve Demir, (2009). Chronic procrastination among Turkish adults: Exploring decisional, avoidant and arousal style. Journal of Social Psychology, 149(3), 302-307.
  • Haycock, L. A., McCarty, P. ve Skay, C. L. (1998). Procrastination in college students: The role of self- efficacy and anxiety. Journal of Counseling Development, 76, 317-324.
  • Hill, M., Hill, D., Chabot, A. ve Barral, J. (1978). A survey of college faculty and student procrastination. College Students Personal Journal, 12, 256-262.
  • Jackson, T., Weiss, K. E., Lundquist, J. E. ve Hooper, D. (2003). The impact of hope, procrastination, and social activity on academic performance of Midwestern college students. Education, 124(2), 310- 320.
  • Keller, F. S. (1968). “Good-Bye teacher…” Journal of Applied Behavior, 1, 79-89.
  • König, C. J. ve Kleninmann, M. (2004). Business before pleasure: No strategy for procrastinators? Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1045-1057.
  • Lamba, G. (1999). Effects of gender-role and self-efficacy on academic procrastination in college students. Ya- yınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Missouri: Truman State University. (UMI no. 1396698).
  • Lay, C. H. (1986). At least my research on procrastination. Journal of Research in Personality, 20, 479-495.
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1993). Coping theory and research: Past, present, and future. Psychosomatic Medicine, 55, 234-247.
  • Milgram, N., Marshevsky, S. ve Sadeh, A. (1994). Correlates of academic procrastination: Discomfort, task aversiveness, and task capability. The Journal of Psychology, 129(1), 145-155.
  • Milgram, N. A., Sroloff, B. ve Rosebaum, M. (1988). The procrastination of everyday life. Journal of Research in Personality, 22, 197-212.
  • Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Academic procrastination and statistics anxiety. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 29(1), 3-19.
  • Owens, A. M. ve Newbegin, I. (1997). Procrastination in high school achievement: A causal structural model. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 12(4), 869-887.
  • Owens, A. M. ve Newbegin, I. (2000). Academic procrastination of adolescents in English and Mathematics: Gender and personality variations. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 111-124.
  • Pychyl, T. A., Coplan, R. J. ve Reid, P. A. M. (2002). Parenting and procrastination: Gender differences in the relations between procrastination, parenting style and self worth in early adolescence. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 271-285.
  • Schouwenburg, H., C. (1992). Procrastinators and fear of failure: An exploration of reasons for procrastination. European Journal of Personality, 6, 225-236.
  • Schouwenburg, H.C., Lay, C., Pychyl, T.A. ve Ferrari, J.R. (2004). Counseling the procrastinator in academic settings. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
  • Semb, G., Glick, D. M. ve Spencer, R. E. (1979). Student withdrawals and delayed work patterns in self-paced psychology courses. Teaching of Psychology, 6(1), 23-25.
  • Senecal, C., Lavolie, K. ve Koestner, R. (1997). Trait and situational factors in procrastination: An interactional model. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 12(4), 889-903.
  • Sigall, H., Kruglanski, A. ve Fyock, J. (2000). Wishful thinking and procrastination. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 283-296.
  • Solomon, L. J. ve Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(4), 503-509.
  • Snyder, C. R., Sympson, S. C., Ybasco, F. C., Borders, T. F., Babyak, M. A. ve Higgins, R. L. (1996). Development and validation of the State Hope Scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2, 321-335
  • Uzun Özer, B. (2005). Academic procrastination: Prevalence, self-reported reasons, gender difference, and its relation with academic achievement. Yayın- lanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Uzun Özer, B., Demir, A., ve Ferrari, J. R. (2009). Exploring academic procrastination among Turkish students: Possible gender differences in prevalence and reasons. Journal of Social Psychology, 149(2), 241-257.
  • Van Eerde, W. (2003). A meta-analytically derived nomological network of procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1401-1418.
  • Wadkins, T. A. (1999). The relation between self-reported procrastination and behavioral procrastination. Ya- yınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, University of Nebraska, Nebraska. (UMI no. 9929240).
  • Watson, D. C. (2001). Procrastination and the five-factor model: A facet level analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 149-158.
  • Wesley, J. C. (1994). Effects of ability, high school achievement, and procrastinatory behavior on college performance. Measurement, 54(2), 404-408.

Bir Grup Lise Öğrencisinde Akademik Erteleme Davranışı: Sıklığı, Olası Nedenleri ve Umudun Rolü

Year 2009, Volume: 4 Issue: 32, 12 - 19, 26.04.2009

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı bir grup lise öğrencisinde akademik erteleme davranışının sıklığı ve olası nedenlerini belirlemek, umut düzeyinin akademik erteleme davranışı üzerindeki etkisini anlamaktır. Bu doğrultuda, Erteleme Davranışı Değerlendirme Ölçeği-Öğrenci Formu (Solomon ve Rothblum, 1984) ve Durumluk Umut Ölçeği (Synder ve ark., 1996) veri toplama araçları olarak kullanılmış, 223 (120 kız, 103 erkek) öğrenciden bu ölçekler yoluyla veri toplamıştır. Çalışma sonuçları katılımcıların % 54’ünün akademik konuları sıklıkla ertelediklerini gösterirken, akademik ertelemeye ilişkin cinsiyet farkına yönelik bir bulguya rastlanmamıştır. Akademik ertelemenin olası nedenlerini belirlemeye yönelik olarak uygulanan faktör analizi sonuçları, olası erteleme nedenlerinin başarısızlık korkusu, karar verme güçlüğü, tembellik ve risk alma davranışı olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları ayrıca durumluk umut düzeyinin akademik erteleme üzerinde güçlü ve anlamlı bir etkisi olduğunu destekler niteliktedir.

References

  • Alexander, E. S. ve Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2006). Academic procrastination and role of hope as a coping strategy. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1301- 1310.
  • Arthur, N. M. (2003). When perfectionism gets on the way of performance. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55, 163-164.
  • Aydoğan, D. (2008). Akademik erteleme davranışının benlik saygısı, durumluk kaygı ve öz yeterliliği ile açıklanabilirliği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Anka- ra.
  • Balkıs, M. (2006). Öğretmen adaylarının davranışlarındaki erteleme eğiliminin düşünme ve karar verme tarzları ile ilişkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Ey- lül Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Beck, B. L., Koons, S. R. ve Milgrim, D. L. (2001). Correlates and consequences of behavioral procrastination: The effects of academic procrastination, self-consciousness, self-esteem, and self-handicapping. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 16(1), 3-11.
  • Beswick, G., Rothblum, E. ve Mann, L. (1988). Psychological antecedents of student procrastination. Australian Psychologist, 23(2), 207-217.
  • Bishop, J. B., Gallagher, R. P. ve Cohen, D. (2000). College students’ problems: Status, trends, and research. (Ed: Davis, D. ve Humphrey, K.) College counseling: Issues and strategies for a new millennium, (s. 89-110). American Counseling Association.
  • Brownlow, S. ve Reasinger, R. D. (2000). Putting off until tomorrow what is better done today: Academic procrastination as a function of motivation toward college work. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 15(5), 15-34.
  • Burka, J. B. ve Yuen, L. M. (1983). Procrastination: Why do you do it, what to do about it. CA: Addison- Wesley Publishing Company.
  • Cassady, J. C. ve Johnson, R. E. (2002). Cognitive test anxiety and academic performance. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27, 270-295.
  • Chang, E. C. (1998). Hope, problem-solving ability, and coping in a college student population: Some implications for theory and practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 54, 953-962.
  • Çakıcı, D. Ç. (2003). Lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinde genel erteleme ve akademik erteleme davranışının in- celenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, An- kara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Damacela-Orellana, L. E., Tindale, R. S. ve Balcazar- Suarez, Y. (2000). Decisional and behavioral procrastination: How they relate to self-discrepancies. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 225-238.
  • Denizli, S. (2004). The role of hope and study skills in predicting test anxiety levels of university students. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Orta Doğu Tek- nik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Dewitte, S. ve Schouwenburg, H. (2002). Procrastination, temptations, and incentives: The struggle between the present and the future in procrastination and the punctual. European Journal of Personality, 16, 469- 489.
  • Ellis, A. ve Knaus, W. J. (1977). Overcoming procrastination. NY: A Signet Book.
  • Ferrari, J. R. (1989). Reliability of academic and dispositional measures of procrastination. Psychological Reports, 64, 1057-1058.
  • Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L. ve McCown, W. G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory research, and treatment. NY: Plenum Press.
  • Ferrari, J. R., Uzun Özer, B. ve Demir, (2009). Chronic procrastination among Turkish adults: Exploring decisional, avoidant and arousal style. Journal of Social Psychology, 149(3), 302-307.
  • Haycock, L. A., McCarty, P. ve Skay, C. L. (1998). Procrastination in college students: The role of self- efficacy and anxiety. Journal of Counseling Development, 76, 317-324.
  • Hill, M., Hill, D., Chabot, A. ve Barral, J. (1978). A survey of college faculty and student procrastination. College Students Personal Journal, 12, 256-262.
  • Jackson, T., Weiss, K. E., Lundquist, J. E. ve Hooper, D. (2003). The impact of hope, procrastination, and social activity on academic performance of Midwestern college students. Education, 124(2), 310- 320.
  • Keller, F. S. (1968). “Good-Bye teacher…” Journal of Applied Behavior, 1, 79-89.
  • König, C. J. ve Kleninmann, M. (2004). Business before pleasure: No strategy for procrastinators? Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1045-1057.
  • Lamba, G. (1999). Effects of gender-role and self-efficacy on academic procrastination in college students. Ya- yınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Missouri: Truman State University. (UMI no. 1396698).
  • Lay, C. H. (1986). At least my research on procrastination. Journal of Research in Personality, 20, 479-495.
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1993). Coping theory and research: Past, present, and future. Psychosomatic Medicine, 55, 234-247.
  • Milgram, N., Marshevsky, S. ve Sadeh, A. (1994). Correlates of academic procrastination: Discomfort, task aversiveness, and task capability. The Journal of Psychology, 129(1), 145-155.
  • Milgram, N. A., Sroloff, B. ve Rosebaum, M. (1988). The procrastination of everyday life. Journal of Research in Personality, 22, 197-212.
  • Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Academic procrastination and statistics anxiety. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 29(1), 3-19.
  • Owens, A. M. ve Newbegin, I. (1997). Procrastination in high school achievement: A causal structural model. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 12(4), 869-887.
  • Owens, A. M. ve Newbegin, I. (2000). Academic procrastination of adolescents in English and Mathematics: Gender and personality variations. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 111-124.
  • Pychyl, T. A., Coplan, R. J. ve Reid, P. A. M. (2002). Parenting and procrastination: Gender differences in the relations between procrastination, parenting style and self worth in early adolescence. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 271-285.
  • Schouwenburg, H., C. (1992). Procrastinators and fear of failure: An exploration of reasons for procrastination. European Journal of Personality, 6, 225-236.
  • Schouwenburg, H.C., Lay, C., Pychyl, T.A. ve Ferrari, J.R. (2004). Counseling the procrastinator in academic settings. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
  • Semb, G., Glick, D. M. ve Spencer, R. E. (1979). Student withdrawals and delayed work patterns in self-paced psychology courses. Teaching of Psychology, 6(1), 23-25.
  • Senecal, C., Lavolie, K. ve Koestner, R. (1997). Trait and situational factors in procrastination: An interactional model. Journal of Social Behavior & Personality, 12(4), 889-903.
  • Sigall, H., Kruglanski, A. ve Fyock, J. (2000). Wishful thinking and procrastination. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(5), 283-296.
  • Solomon, L. J. ve Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(4), 503-509.
  • Snyder, C. R., Sympson, S. C., Ybasco, F. C., Borders, T. F., Babyak, M. A. ve Higgins, R. L. (1996). Development and validation of the State Hope Scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2, 321-335
  • Uzun Özer, B. (2005). Academic procrastination: Prevalence, self-reported reasons, gender difference, and its relation with academic achievement. Yayın- lanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Uzun Özer, B., Demir, A., ve Ferrari, J. R. (2009). Exploring academic procrastination among Turkish students: Possible gender differences in prevalence and reasons. Journal of Social Psychology, 149(2), 241-257.
  • Van Eerde, W. (2003). A meta-analytically derived nomological network of procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 1401-1418.
  • Wadkins, T. A. (1999). The relation between self-reported procrastination and behavioral procrastination. Ya- yınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, University of Nebraska, Nebraska. (UMI no. 9929240).
  • Watson, D. C. (2001). Procrastination and the five-factor model: A facet level analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 149-158.
  • Wesley, J. C. (1994). Effects of ability, high school achievement, and procrastinatory behavior on college performance. Measurement, 54(2), 404-408.
There are 46 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Bilge Uzun Özer This is me

Publication Date April 26, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 4 Issue: 32

Cite

APA Uzun Özer, B. (2009). Academic Procrastination in Group of High School Students: Frequency, Possible Reasons and Role of Hope. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 4(32), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.17066/pdrd.40488

!! From 30 November 2023, English language proofreading will be required for accepted articles to ensure language quality.