Research Article
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Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 44, 49 - 60, 01.09.2015

Abstract

References

  • Acun-Kapıkıran, N. (2011). Focus on positive and negative information as the mediator of the relationship between empathy tendency guilty and psychological well-being in university students. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(3), 1141-1147.
  • Brewer, M. B., & Chen, Y. (2007). Where (who) are collectives in collectivism? Toward conceptual clarification of individualism and collectivism. Psychological Review, 114 (1). 133-51.
  • Brewer, M. B., & Gardner, W. (1996). Who is this "we"? Levels of collective identity and selfrepresentations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 83-93.
  • Cenkseven, F., ve Akbaş, T. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinin öznel ve psikolojik iyi olmalarını yordayan değişkenlerin incelenmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 27, 43- 65.
  • Cihangir-Çankaya, Z. (2009). Özerklik desteği, temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların doyumu ve öznel iyi olma: Öz belirleme kuramı. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(31), 23-31.
  • Clancy, S.M., & Dollinger, S.J. (1993). Photographic Depictions of the Self: Gender and Age Differences in Social Connectedness. Sex Roles, 29(7-8), 477-495.
  • Cohen, J. (1965). Some statistical issues in psychological research. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Handbook of clinical psychology (pp. 95-121). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Cross, S.E. ve Madson, L. (1997). Models of the self: Self construals and gender. Psychology Bulletin. 122(1), 5-37.
  • Cross, S. E., & Markus, H. (1991). Possible selves across the life-span. Human Development, 34, 230–255.
  • DeNeve, K. M., & Cooper, H. (1998). The Happy Personality: A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin.124(2), 197-229.
  • Diener, E., & Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 653–663.
  • Diener, E., Sandvik, E., & Larsen, R. J. (1985), Age and sex effects for emotional intensity”, Developmental Psychology, 21, 542-546.
  • Diener, E., Tay, L., & Oishi, S. (2013). Rising income and the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality ve Social Psychology, 104(2), 267- 276.
  • Diener, E., & Chan, M.Y.(2011). Happy people live longer: Subjective well-being contributes to health and longevity. Applied Psychology, 3(1), 1-43.
  • Diener, E., Diener, M., & Diener, C. (1995). Factors predicting the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 851–864.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R.A., Larsen, R.J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75.
  • Diener, E., & Suh, E. M. (Eds.). (2000). Culture and subjective well-being. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Diener, E., Oishi, S. & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425.
  • Diener, E., Suh, M., Lucas, R.E., & Smith, H.E. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276–302.
  • Doğan, T., & Totan, T. (2013). Psychometric properties of Turkish version of the subjective happiness scale. The Journal of Happiness and Well-Being, 1(1), 20-27.
  • Elliott, I., v& Coker S. (2008). Independent selfconstrual, self-reflection, and self-rumination: A path model for predicting happiness Australian Journal of Psychology, 60(3), 127–134.
  • Gardner, W. L., Gabriel, S., & Lee, A. Y. (1999). "I" value freedom but "we" value relationships: Selfconstrual priming mirrors cultural differences in judgment. Psychological Science, 10, 321-326.
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Pozitif ve negatif duygu durum ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15, 19–28.
  • Gross, J. J., & John, O.P. (1997). Revealing feelings: Facets of emotional expressivity in self-reports, peer ratings, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 435-448.
  • İmamoğlu, E. O. (2003). Individuation and relatedness: Not opposing but distinct and complementary. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 129(4), 367-402.
  • İmamoğlu, E.O. ve Karakitapoğlu Aygün, Z. (1999). 1970’lerden 1990’lara değerler: Üniversite düzeyinde gözlenen zaman, kuşak ve cinsiyet farklılıkları. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 14 (44), 1-22.
  • Jacobs Bao, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2012). The rewards of happiness. In I. Boniwell ve S. David (Eds.), Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 119- 133). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Josephs, R.A., Markus, H.R., & Tafarodi, R.W. (1992). Gender and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 63(3), 391- 402.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1996). The autonomous-relational self: A new synthesis. European Psychologist,1, (3), 180-186.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2005). Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36, 4, 403- 422.
  • Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z. (2004). Self, identity and well-being among Turkish university students. Journal of Psychology, 138, 457-478.
  • Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z. (2002). Self-construals, perceived parenting styles and well-being in different cultural and socio-economic contexts. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. ODTÜ, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kashima, E. & Hardie, E. A. (2000). The development and validation of the Relational, Individual and Collective Self Aspects (RIC) Scale. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 3, 19-48.
  • Kashima, Y., Yamaguchi, S., Kim, U., Choi, S. C., Gelfand, M., & Yuki, M. (1995). Culture, gender, and self: A perspective from individualismcollectivism research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 925-937.
  • Kim, J., Koo, J., & Suh, E. M. (2006). Do physical attractiveness and happiness come together? Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 20, 61-70.
  • King, L. A., & Emmons, R. A. (1990). Ambivalence over expressing emotion: Physical and psychological correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 864-877.
  • Köker, S. (1991). Normal ve sorunlu ergenlerin yaşam doyumu düzeyinin karşılaştırılması. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kuhn, M.H., & McPartland, T.S. (1954). An empirical investigation of self-attitudes. American Sociological Review, 19(1), 68-76.
  • Kühnen, U., & Oyserman, D. (2002). Thinking about the self influences thinking in general: cognitive consequences of salient self-concept. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 492-499.
  • Kwan, V. S. Y., Bond, M. H., & Singelis, T. S. (1997). Pancultural explanations for life satisfaction: Adding relationship harmony to self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1038-1051.
  • Lu, L., Gilmour, R., & Kao, S.F. (2001).Cultural values and happiness: An east-west dialogue. The Journal of Social Psychology, 141(4), 477-493.
  • Lucas, R.E., & Gohm, C. (2000). Age and sex differences in subjecrive well-being across cultures. In E. Diener ve E. M. Suh(Eds.), Subjective well-being across cultures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253.
  • Markus, H., & Oyserman, D. (1989). Gender and thought: The role of the self-concept. In M. Crawford ve M. Gentry (Eds.), Gender and thought: Psychological perspectives (pp. 100-127). New York, NY: Sringer Verlag New York, Inc.
  • Matsumoto, D., Weissman, M.D., Preston, K., Brown, B.R., & Kupperbusch, C. (1997). Context-specific measurement of individualism-collectivism on the individual level: The individualism-collectivism interpersonali assessment inventory. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28, 743,767.
  • McGregor, I., & Little, B. R. (1998). Personal projects, happiness, and meaning: On doing well and being yourself. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 494–512.
  • Na, J., Grossmann, I., Varnum, M. EW., Kitayama, S., Gonzalez, R., & Nisbett, R. E. (2010). Cultural differences are not always reducible to individual differences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107(14), 6192-6197.
  • Oyserman, D., & Lee, S. W. S. (2008). Does culture influence what and how we think? Effects of priming individualism and collectivism. Psychology Bulletin,134(2), 311-42.
  • Özdemir, Y. (2012). Ergenlerin öznel iyi oluşlarının özerk, ilişkisel ve özerk,ilişkisel benlik kurguları açısından incelenmesi.Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(38), 188-198.
  • Özdemir, Y., & İlhan, T. (2013). Self-construal and subjective well-being: The mediative role of authenticity. International Journal of Social Science. 6(2), 593-611.
  • Riediger, M.,& Freund, A. M. (2008). Me against myself: Motivational conflicts and emotional development in adulthood. Psychology and Aging, 23, 479-494.
  • Ryan, R.M., & Deci, E.L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
  • Reid, A. (2004). Gender and sources of subjective well- being. Sex Roles, 51(11-12), 617-629.
  • Reis, H.T., Sheldon, K.M., Gable, S.L., Roscoe, R., & Ryan, R. (2000). Daily well being: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 419-435.
  • Sedikides, C., & Brewer, M. B. (Eds.) (2001). Individual self, relational self, collective self. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
  • Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580-591.
  • Suh, E. M. (2000). Self, hyphen between culture and subjective well-being. In E. Diener, ve E. M. Suh (Eds.), Culture and subjective well-being (pp. 63- 86). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Suh, E. M. (2007). Downsides of an overly contextsensitive self: Implications from the culture and subjective well-being research. Journal of Personality, 75, 1321–1343.
  • Suh, E. M., Diener, E., & Updegraff, J. A. (2008). From culture to priming conditions: Self-construal influences on life satisfaction judgments. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39, 3-15.
  • Suh, E. M., & Koo, J. (2008). Comparing subjective well-being across cultures and nations: The "what" and "why" questions. In M. Eid ve R. J. Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 414-427). New York: Guilford.,
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Benlik Kurguları ve Mutluluk: Deneysel Bir Hazırlama Çalışması

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 44, 49 - 60, 01.09.2015

Abstract

Bireysel farklılıkları açıklamada kullanılan kavramlardan benlik kurguları durumsal olarak uyandırılabilmekte ve belirli bir benlik kurgusu baskın hale getirilebilmektedir. Bu çalışma da bağımsız benlik kurgusu ve karşılıklı-bağımlı benlik kurgusunun Türkiye’den seçilen bir örneklemde farklı kültürlerde başarıyla uygulanan deneysel hazırlama (priming) yöntemleri ile belirgin hale getirilip getirilemeyeceği ve belirgin hale getirilen bu benlik kurgularının öznel iyi oluş olarak kavramsallaştırılan mutlulukla ilişkisi incelemiştir. Araştırma grubunu iki üniversiteden seçilen lisans öğrencileri oluşturmuş; bu öğrenciler bağımsız benlik, karşılıklıbağımlı benlik ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere üç farklı gruba ayrılmışlardır. Katılımcıların benlik kurgularını uyandırmak amacıyla daha önceki çalışmalarda uygulanan hazırlama yöntemleri arasında en sıklıkla kullanılan iki görev kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar bu görevleri tamamladıktan hemen sonra bir benlik tanımlama testine ve yaşam doyumu, pozitif duygu durumu ve negatif duygu durumu ölçeklerine yanıt vermiştir. Benlik tanımlama testinden elde edilen bulgular, benlik kurgusu hazırlama görevlerinin başarılı olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca gruplar arasında öznel iyi oluş bakımından farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Bağımsız benlik kurgusu hazırlanan katılımcılar karşılıklı-bağımlı benlik kurgusu hazırlanan katılımcılara oranla yaşam doyumu ve pozitif duygu durumu ölçeklerinden daha yüksek, negatif duygu durumu ölçeğinden ise daha düşük puan almıştır. Öznel iyi oluş bakımından cinsiyet farkı bulunmamış; kadınların karşılıklı-bağımlı benlik kurgusu erkeklerden daha yüksek, bağımsız benlik kurgusu ise daha düşük olarak bulunmuştur.


References

  • Acun-Kapıkıran, N. (2011). Focus on positive and negative information as the mediator of the relationship between empathy tendency guilty and psychological well-being in university students. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(3), 1141-1147.
  • Brewer, M. B., & Chen, Y. (2007). Where (who) are collectives in collectivism? Toward conceptual clarification of individualism and collectivism. Psychological Review, 114 (1). 133-51.
  • Brewer, M. B., & Gardner, W. (1996). Who is this "we"? Levels of collective identity and selfrepresentations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 83-93.
  • Cenkseven, F., ve Akbaş, T. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinin öznel ve psikolojik iyi olmalarını yordayan değişkenlerin incelenmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 27, 43- 65.
  • Cihangir-Çankaya, Z. (2009). Özerklik desteği, temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların doyumu ve öznel iyi olma: Öz belirleme kuramı. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(31), 23-31.
  • Clancy, S.M., & Dollinger, S.J. (1993). Photographic Depictions of the Self: Gender and Age Differences in Social Connectedness. Sex Roles, 29(7-8), 477-495.
  • Cohen, J. (1965). Some statistical issues in psychological research. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Handbook of clinical psychology (pp. 95-121). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Cross, S.E. ve Madson, L. (1997). Models of the self: Self construals and gender. Psychology Bulletin. 122(1), 5-37.
  • Cross, S. E., & Markus, H. (1991). Possible selves across the life-span. Human Development, 34, 230–255.
  • DeNeve, K. M., & Cooper, H. (1998). The Happy Personality: A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin.124(2), 197-229.
  • Diener, E., & Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 653–663.
  • Diener, E., Sandvik, E., & Larsen, R. J. (1985), Age and sex effects for emotional intensity”, Developmental Psychology, 21, 542-546.
  • Diener, E., Tay, L., & Oishi, S. (2013). Rising income and the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality ve Social Psychology, 104(2), 267- 276.
  • Diener, E., & Chan, M.Y.(2011). Happy people live longer: Subjective well-being contributes to health and longevity. Applied Psychology, 3(1), 1-43.
  • Diener, E., Diener, M., & Diener, C. (1995). Factors predicting the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 851–864.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R.A., Larsen, R.J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75.
  • Diener, E., & Suh, E. M. (Eds.). (2000). Culture and subjective well-being. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Diener, E., Oishi, S. & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 403-425.
  • Diener, E., Suh, M., Lucas, R.E., & Smith, H.E. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276–302.
  • Doğan, T., & Totan, T. (2013). Psychometric properties of Turkish version of the subjective happiness scale. The Journal of Happiness and Well-Being, 1(1), 20-27.
  • Elliott, I., v& Coker S. (2008). Independent selfconstrual, self-reflection, and self-rumination: A path model for predicting happiness Australian Journal of Psychology, 60(3), 127–134.
  • Gardner, W. L., Gabriel, S., & Lee, A. Y. (1999). "I" value freedom but "we" value relationships: Selfconstrual priming mirrors cultural differences in judgment. Psychological Science, 10, 321-326.
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Pozitif ve negatif duygu durum ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Turk Psikoloji Dergisi, 15, 19–28.
  • Gross, J. J., & John, O.P. (1997). Revealing feelings: Facets of emotional expressivity in self-reports, peer ratings, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 435-448.
  • İmamoğlu, E. O. (2003). Individuation and relatedness: Not opposing but distinct and complementary. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 129(4), 367-402.
  • İmamoğlu, E.O. ve Karakitapoğlu Aygün, Z. (1999). 1970’lerden 1990’lara değerler: Üniversite düzeyinde gözlenen zaman, kuşak ve cinsiyet farklılıkları. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 14 (44), 1-22.
  • Jacobs Bao, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2012). The rewards of happiness. In I. Boniwell ve S. David (Eds.), Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 119- 133). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Josephs, R.A., Markus, H.R., & Tafarodi, R.W. (1992). Gender and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 63(3), 391- 402.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1996). The autonomous-relational self: A new synthesis. European Psychologist,1, (3), 180-186.
  • Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2005). Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context: Implications for self and family. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36, 4, 403- 422.
  • Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z. (2004). Self, identity and well-being among Turkish university students. Journal of Psychology, 138, 457-478.
  • Karakitapoğlu-Aygün, Z. (2002). Self-construals, perceived parenting styles and well-being in different cultural and socio-economic contexts. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi. ODTÜ, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kashima, E. & Hardie, E. A. (2000). The development and validation of the Relational, Individual and Collective Self Aspects (RIC) Scale. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 3, 19-48.
  • Kashima, Y., Yamaguchi, S., Kim, U., Choi, S. C., Gelfand, M., & Yuki, M. (1995). Culture, gender, and self: A perspective from individualismcollectivism research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 925-937.
  • Kim, J., Koo, J., & Suh, E. M. (2006). Do physical attractiveness and happiness come together? Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 20, 61-70.
  • King, L. A., & Emmons, R. A. (1990). Ambivalence over expressing emotion: Physical and psychological correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 864-877.
  • Köker, S. (1991). Normal ve sorunlu ergenlerin yaşam doyumu düzeyinin karşılaştırılması. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Kuhn, M.H., & McPartland, T.S. (1954). An empirical investigation of self-attitudes. American Sociological Review, 19(1), 68-76.
  • Kühnen, U., & Oyserman, D. (2002). Thinking about the self influences thinking in general: cognitive consequences of salient self-concept. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 492-499.
  • Kwan, V. S. Y., Bond, M. H., & Singelis, T. S. (1997). Pancultural explanations for life satisfaction: Adding relationship harmony to self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1038-1051.
  • Lu, L., Gilmour, R., & Kao, S.F. (2001).Cultural values and happiness: An east-west dialogue. The Journal of Social Psychology, 141(4), 477-493.
  • Lucas, R.E., & Gohm, C. (2000). Age and sex differences in subjecrive well-being across cultures. In E. Diener ve E. M. Suh(Eds.), Subjective well-being across cultures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253.
  • Markus, H., & Oyserman, D. (1989). Gender and thought: The role of the self-concept. In M. Crawford ve M. Gentry (Eds.), Gender and thought: Psychological perspectives (pp. 100-127). New York, NY: Sringer Verlag New York, Inc.
  • Matsumoto, D., Weissman, M.D., Preston, K., Brown, B.R., & Kupperbusch, C. (1997). Context-specific measurement of individualism-collectivism on the individual level: The individualism-collectivism interpersonali assessment inventory. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 28, 743,767.
  • McGregor, I., & Little, B. R. (1998). Personal projects, happiness, and meaning: On doing well and being yourself. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 494–512.
  • Na, J., Grossmann, I., Varnum, M. EW., Kitayama, S., Gonzalez, R., & Nisbett, R. E. (2010). Cultural differences are not always reducible to individual differences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107(14), 6192-6197.
  • Oyserman, D., & Lee, S. W. S. (2008). Does culture influence what and how we think? Effects of priming individualism and collectivism. Psychology Bulletin,134(2), 311-42.
  • Özdemir, Y. (2012). Ergenlerin öznel iyi oluşlarının özerk, ilişkisel ve özerk,ilişkisel benlik kurguları açısından incelenmesi.Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(38), 188-198.
  • Özdemir, Y., & İlhan, T. (2013). Self-construal and subjective well-being: The mediative role of authenticity. International Journal of Social Science. 6(2), 593-611.
  • Riediger, M.,& Freund, A. M. (2008). Me against myself: Motivational conflicts and emotional development in adulthood. Psychology and Aging, 23, 479-494.
  • Ryan, R.M., & Deci, E.L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
  • Reid, A. (2004). Gender and sources of subjective well- being. Sex Roles, 51(11-12), 617-629.
  • Reis, H.T., Sheldon, K.M., Gable, S.L., Roscoe, R., & Ryan, R. (2000). Daily well being: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 419-435.
  • Sedikides, C., & Brewer, M. B. (Eds.) (2001). Individual self, relational self, collective self. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
  • Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580-591.
  • Suh, E. M. (2000). Self, hyphen between culture and subjective well-being. In E. Diener, ve E. M. Suh (Eds.), Culture and subjective well-being (pp. 63- 86). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Selda Koydemir

Selin Mısır This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 5 Issue: 44

Cite

APA Koydemir, S., & Mısır, S. (2015). Benlik Kurguları ve Mutluluk: Deneysel Bir Hazırlama Çalışması. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 5(44), 49-60.

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