Eğitimde Neoliberal Yerelleşme ve Eleştirisi

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 18.01.2017

Yunus Emre Ömür

Abstract

Gerek uluslararası düzeyde, gerekse ulusal düzeyde gündemde olan kamusal hizmetlerin yerelleşmesine ilişkin tartışmaların neo-liberal politikalar çevresinde şekillendiği bilinmektedir. Kamusal hizmetlerin en kapsamlılarından biri olan eğitim alanı da bu tartışmaların dışında kalmamaktadır. İlgili alan yazın incelendiğinde bu tür bir yerelleşmeyi, eğitim alanında yaşanan problemlere bir ‘reçete’ olarak ileri sürenlerle birlikte, doğuracağı olumsuz sonuçlara dikkat çekerek ihtiyatlı yaklaşanların da olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise neo-liberal politikaların çerçevesini çizdiği eğitimde yerelleşme anlayışı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle dünyada yaşanan neo-liberal dönüşüm kısaca açıklanarak bu dönüşümün eğitim alanındaki yansımaları ele alınmış, daha sonra ise neo-liberal anlayışın kavramsallaştırdığı yerelleşme türleri açıklanarak bu yerelleşme girişimlerinin arkasında yatan motivasyonlar ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Son olarak da bu yerelleşme anlayışını doğurduğu sonuçlar tartışılarak eleştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, eğitim sistemi gibi devasa yapıların yönetimi ve finansmanının, aşırı merkeziyetçi bir anlayışla yürütülmesinin ortaya çıkaracağı olumsuzluklar bulunmaktadır. Öte yandan demokratikleşme, katılım, etkililik, verimlilik, eğitimin yerel finansmanı, okul seçimi ve yönetişim gibi argümanlarla öne çıkan neo-liberal yerelleşmenin ise kendine özgü olumsuzluklarının olduğu görülmektedir

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