Likert Tipi Ölçeklerde Rasch Modelinin Kullanımı: Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu Ölçeği-Öğrenci Formu (ODKÖ-ÖF) Üzerinde Bir Uygulama
Year 2018,
Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 756 - 775, 20.09.2018
Mustafa İlhan
,
Neşe Güler
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, Likert tipi ölçeklerin
psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesinde ve bu ölçeklerden alınan puanlar
üzerinden gerçekleştirilen farka dayalı istatistiklerde Rasch modelinin
kullanımına örnek olabilecek bir çalışmanın Türkçe alanyazına kazandırılması
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, 367 ortaöğretim öğrencisinden oluşan bir çalışma
grubu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri Olumsuz Değerlendirilme
Korkusu Ölçeği-Öğrenci Formu (ODKÖ-ÖF) ile Akademik Beklentilere İlişkin Stres
Envanteri (ABSE) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında toplanan veriler
FACETS paket programından yararlanılarak Rasch modeline göre analiz edilmiştir.
Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular; ODKÖ-ÖF’e ilişkin 16 maddeden oluşan tek
boyutlu modelde öğrenciler ve maddelerin yüksek güvenirlikte birbirinden ayırt
edildiğini, ölçekte kullanılan beşli derecelendirmenin etkin bir biçimde
çalıştığını, uyum istatistiklerinin kabul edilebilir sınırlar içerisinde
kaldığını ve gözlenen ile beklenen test karakteristik eğrilerinin büyük ölçüde
örtüştüğünü göstermiştir. Çok yüzeyli Rasch analizi sonucunda, öğrencilerin
sınıf ortamında öğretmenleri ya da arkadaşları tarafından olumsuz
değerlendirileceklerine dair yaşadıkları korkunun ABSE puanlarına göre
farklılaştığı saptanmış ve bu bulgu ODKÖ-ÖF’ün ölçüt geçerliğine yönelik bir
kanıt olarak yorumlanmıştır.
References
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- Aydın, S., Yavuz, F., & Yeşilyurt, S. (2006). Test anxiety in foreign language learning. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(16), 146-160. http://sbe.balikesir.edu.tr/dergi/edergi/c9s16/makale/c9s16m8.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Behizadeha, N., & Engelhard, G. (2014). Development and validation of a scale to measure perceived authenticity in writing. Assessing Writing, 21, 18-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2014.02.001
- Bond, T.G., & Fox, C.M. (2015). Applying the Rasch model: Fundamental measurement in the human sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
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- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
- Castello, E. (2008). Text complexity and reading comprehension tests. Bern: Peter Lang
- Clifford, M.M. (1991). Risk taking: Theoretical, empirical and educational considerations. Educational Psychologist, 26(3), 263-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00461520.1991.9653135
- Çekirdek, G. (2014). Hazırlık sınıfı öğrencilerinin İngilizce başarılarını etkileyen bazı faktörlerin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir, Türkiye.
- Çetin, B., İlhan, M., & Yılmaz, F. (2014). Olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu ve akademik risk alma arasındaki ilişkinin kanonik korelasyonla incelenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 14(1), 135-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.1.1616
- DeMars, C. (2010). Item response theory. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Dinnel, D.L., Brittain, T., Thompson, T., Johnson, K., King, M., & Pust, K. (2002, August). A structural model of self-worth protection and achievement: goals, evaluative anxiety, attributions, self-esteem and uncertainty. Poster presentations in the Second Biennial Self-Concept Enhancement and Learning Facilitation (SELF) Research Centre International Conference, Sydney, Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ibrarian.net/navon/paper/A_Structural_Model_of_Self_Worth_Protection_and_A.pdf?paperid=1240182
- Eckes, T. (2009). Many-facet Rasch measurement. In S. Takala (Ed.), Reference supplement to the manual for relating language examinations to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment (Section H). Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe/Language Policy Division.
- Engelhard, G. (2013). Invariant measurement: Using Rasch models in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Erkuş, A. (2012). Psikolojide ölçme ve ölçek geliştirme-I. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
- Haiyang, S. (2010). An application of classical test theory and many facet Rasch measurement in analyzing the reliability of an English test for non-English major graduates. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, 33(2), 87-102. Retrieved from http://www.celea.org.cn/teic/90/10060807.pdf
- Hasford, J., & Bradley, K.D. (2011). Validating measures of self control via rasch measurement. Journal of Applied Business Research, 27(6), 45-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v27i6.6465
- Kelecioğlu, H., & Bilge, K. (2009). Akademik beklentilere ilişkin stres envanterinin uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36, 148-157. http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/hunefd/article/view/5000048423/5000045743 adresinden alınmıştır.
- Leary, M.R. (1983). A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9(3), 371-375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167283093007
- Leary, M.R., & Kowalski, R.M. (1995). Social anxiety. New York: Guilford Publications Inc.
- Lee, M., Peterson, J.J. & Dixon, A. (2010). Rasch calibration of physical activity self-efficacy and social support scale for persons with intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(4), 903-913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.02.010
- Linacre, J.M. (2002). Optimizing rating scale category effectiveness. Journal of Applied Measurement, 3(1), 85-106. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.424.2811&rep=rep1&type=pdf
- Linacre, J.M. (2014). A user's guide to FACETS Rasch-model computer programs. Retrieved from http://www.winsteps.com/a/facets-manual.pdf
- Lubetkin, B., & Oumano, E. (1991). Bailing out: The sane way out of a doomed relationship & survive with hope and self-respect . New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Mckinney, A.P. (2003). Goal orientation: A test of competing models (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3157771).
- Meads, D.M., & Bentall, R.P. (2008). Rasch analysis and item reduction of the hypomanic personality scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(8), 1772-1783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.02.009
- Midgley, C., & Urdan, T. (2001). Academic self-handicapping and achievement goals: A further examination. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 26(1), 61-75. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2000.1041
- Özgüngör, S. (2006). Öz bilinç, olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu, performans odaklı sınıf algısı ve not yönelimi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19, 1-8. http://pauegitimdergi.pau.edu.tr/Makaleler/1357398936_9-%c3%96Z%20B%c4%b0L%c4%b0N%c3%87.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Rapee, R.M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A cognitive behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 35(8), 741-756. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00022-3
- Ricketts, S.N., Engelhard, G., & Chang, M.L. (2015). Development and validation of a scale to measure academic resilience in mathematics. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000274
- Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I., Marques-Pinto, A., Salanova, M., ve Bakker, A. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Studies, 33(5), 464-481. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033005003
- Shabani, M.B. (2012). Levels and sources of language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation among Iranian EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(11), 2378-2383. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.11.2378-2383
- Taşdelen Teker, G., Güler, N. & Kaya Uyanık, G. (2015). Comparing the effectiveness of SPSS and EduG using different designs for generalizability theory. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(3), 635-645. http://dx.doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.3.2278
- Tezbaşaran, A. (1997). Likert tipi ölçek geliştirme kılavuzu. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
- Utschig, A.C., Presnell, K., Madeley, M.C., Smits, J.A.J. (2010). An investigation of the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and bulimic psychopathology. Eating Behaviors, 11(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2010.05.003
- Walker, E.R., Engelhard, G., & Thompson, N.J. (2012). Using Rasch measurement theory to assess three depression scales among adults with epilepsy. Seizure, 21(6), 437-443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2012.04.009
- VandeWalle, D. (1997). Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 57(6), 995-1015. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164497057006009
- Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(4), 448-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0027806
- Wright, B.D., & Linacre, J.M. (1994). Reasonable mean-square fit values. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 8(3), 370-371. Retrieved from https://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt83b.htm
- Wright, B.D. & Masters, G. (1982). Rating scale analysis: Rasch measurement. Chicago: MESA Press.
Year 2018,
Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 756 - 775, 20.09.2018
Mustafa İlhan
,
Neşe Güler
References
- Andrich, D. (1978). A rating formulation for ordered response categories. Psychometrika, 43(4), 561-573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02293814
- Anshel, M.H., Weatherby, N.L., Kang, M., & Watson, T. (2009). Rasch calibration of a unidimensional perfectionism inventory for sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(1), 210-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.006
- Aydın, S., Yavuz, F., & Yeşilyurt, S. (2006). Test anxiety in foreign language learning. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(16), 146-160. http://sbe.balikesir.edu.tr/dergi/edergi/c9s16/makale/c9s16m8.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Behizadeha, N., & Engelhard, G. (2014). Development and validation of a scale to measure perceived authenticity in writing. Assessing Writing, 21, 18-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2014.02.001
- Bond, T.G., & Fox, C.M. (2015). Applying the Rasch model: Fundamental measurement in the human sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Brentari, E., & Golia, S. (2008). Measuring job satisfaction in the social services sector with the Rasch model. Journal of Applied Measurement, 9(1), 45-56. Retrieved from http://www.unibs.it/sites/default/files/ricerca/allegati/10061.pdf
- Brinthaupt, T.M., & Kang, M. (2014). Many-faceted rasch calibration: An example using the self-talk scale. Assessment, 21(2) 241-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191112446653
- Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
- Castello, E. (2008). Text complexity and reading comprehension tests. Bern: Peter Lang
- Clifford, M.M. (1991). Risk taking: Theoretical, empirical and educational considerations. Educational Psychologist, 26(3), 263-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00461520.1991.9653135
- Çekirdek, G. (2014). Hazırlık sınıfı öğrencilerinin İngilizce başarılarını etkileyen bazı faktörlerin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir, Türkiye.
- Çetin, B., İlhan, M., & Yılmaz, F. (2014). Olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu ve akademik risk alma arasındaki ilişkinin kanonik korelasyonla incelenmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 14(1), 135-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.1.1616
- DeMars, C. (2010). Item response theory. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
- Dinnel, D.L., Brittain, T., Thompson, T., Johnson, K., King, M., & Pust, K. (2002, August). A structural model of self-worth protection and achievement: goals, evaluative anxiety, attributions, self-esteem and uncertainty. Poster presentations in the Second Biennial Self-Concept Enhancement and Learning Facilitation (SELF) Research Centre International Conference, Sydney, Australia. Retrieved from http://www.ibrarian.net/navon/paper/A_Structural_Model_of_Self_Worth_Protection_and_A.pdf?paperid=1240182
- Eckes, T. (2009). Many-facet Rasch measurement. In S. Takala (Ed.), Reference supplement to the manual for relating language examinations to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment (Section H). Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe/Language Policy Division.
- Engelhard, G. (2013). Invariant measurement: Using Rasch models in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Erkuş, A. (2012). Psikolojide ölçme ve ölçek geliştirme-I. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
- Haiyang, S. (2010). An application of classical test theory and many facet Rasch measurement in analyzing the reliability of an English test for non-English major graduates. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, 33(2), 87-102. Retrieved from http://www.celea.org.cn/teic/90/10060807.pdf
- Hasford, J., & Bradley, K.D. (2011). Validating measures of self control via rasch measurement. Journal of Applied Business Research, 27(6), 45-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v27i6.6465
- Kelecioğlu, H., & Bilge, K. (2009). Akademik beklentilere ilişkin stres envanterinin uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 36, 148-157. http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/hunefd/article/view/5000048423/5000045743 adresinden alınmıştır.
- Leary, M.R. (1983). A brief version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 9(3), 371-375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167283093007
- Leary, M.R., & Kowalski, R.M. (1995). Social anxiety. New York: Guilford Publications Inc.
- Lee, M., Peterson, J.J. & Dixon, A. (2010). Rasch calibration of physical activity self-efficacy and social support scale for persons with intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(4), 903-913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.02.010
- Linacre, J.M. (2002). Optimizing rating scale category effectiveness. Journal of Applied Measurement, 3(1), 85-106. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.424.2811&rep=rep1&type=pdf
- Linacre, J.M. (2014). A user's guide to FACETS Rasch-model computer programs. Retrieved from http://www.winsteps.com/a/facets-manual.pdf
- Lubetkin, B., & Oumano, E. (1991). Bailing out: The sane way out of a doomed relationship & survive with hope and self-respect . New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Mckinney, A.P. (2003). Goal orientation: A test of competing models (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3157771).
- Meads, D.M., & Bentall, R.P. (2008). Rasch analysis and item reduction of the hypomanic personality scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(8), 1772-1783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.02.009
- Midgley, C., & Urdan, T. (2001). Academic self-handicapping and achievement goals: A further examination. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 26(1), 61-75. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2000.1041
- Özgüngör, S. (2006). Öz bilinç, olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu, performans odaklı sınıf algısı ve not yönelimi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19, 1-8. http://pauegitimdergi.pau.edu.tr/Makaleler/1357398936_9-%c3%96Z%20B%c4%b0L%c4%b0N%c3%87.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
- Rapee, R.M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A cognitive behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 35(8), 741-756. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(97)00022-3
- Ricketts, S.N., Engelhard, G., & Chang, M.L. (2015). Development and validation of a scale to measure academic resilience in mathematics. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000274
- Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I., Marques-Pinto, A., Salanova, M., ve Bakker, A. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Studies, 33(5), 464-481. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033005003
- Shabani, M.B. (2012). Levels and sources of language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation among Iranian EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(11), 2378-2383. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.11.2378-2383
- Taşdelen Teker, G., Güler, N. & Kaya Uyanık, G. (2015). Comparing the effectiveness of SPSS and EduG using different designs for generalizability theory. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(3), 635-645. http://dx.doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.3.2278
- Tezbaşaran, A. (1997). Likert tipi ölçek geliştirme kılavuzu. Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği.
- Utschig, A.C., Presnell, K., Madeley, M.C., Smits, J.A.J. (2010). An investigation of the relationship between fear of negative evaluation and bulimic psychopathology. Eating Behaviors, 11(4), 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2010.05.003
- Walker, E.R., Engelhard, G., & Thompson, N.J. (2012). Using Rasch measurement theory to assess three depression scales among adults with epilepsy. Seizure, 21(6), 437-443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2012.04.009
- VandeWalle, D. (1997). Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 57(6), 995-1015. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164497057006009
- Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(4), 448-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0027806
- Wright, B.D., & Linacre, J.M. (1994). Reasonable mean-square fit values. Rasch Measurement Transactions, 8(3), 370-371. Retrieved from https://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt83b.htm
- Wright, B.D. & Masters, G. (1982). Rating scale analysis: Rasch measurement. Chicago: MESA Press.