Afet Haberciliği: Kahramanmaraş Merkezli Depremler Sürecinde Sosyal Medyaya Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Geleneksel ve yeni medyada yer bulan bir uzman gazetecilik alanı olarak afet haberciliği, deprem, sel, yangın, kasırga gibi doğa olaylarını kapsamaktadır. Afet dönemlerinde merkezi bir rol üstlenen afet haberciliğinin birçok farklı işlevi bulunmaktadır. Afet haberciliğinin işlevleri, sosyal medyanın sahip olduğu özellikler ve işlevlerle desteklenebilmektedir. Afet haberciliği ve sosyal medya arasındaki ilişkiyi konu edinen bu çalışmada, sosyal medyanın afet haberciliği için taşıdığı olumlu boyutları ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Nitel araştırma örneklerinden biri olan bu çalışmada Twitter’a odaklanılmıştır ve 1451 tweet, netnografi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, deprem ve/veya depremler kavramının alternatifi olarak “felaket” tanımlaması ön plana çıkmaktadır. Depremler, tweetlerde “siyaset ve din” alanlarıyla ilişkilendirilerek ele alınmıştır. Diğer yandan tweetlerde “bilgilendirme ve toplumsal hafıza” işlevlerinin belirginleştiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Afet gazeteciliği
• sosyal medya
• Twitter
• Kahramanmaraş depremleri
• netnografi

Disaster Journalism: An Evaluation of Social Media in the Process of Kahramanmaraş Centered Earthquakes

Abstract

As a field of specialized journalism that finds place in traditional and new media, disaster journalism covers natural phenomena such as earthquakes, floods, fires and hurricanes. Disaster journalism, which plays a central role in times of disaster, has many different functions. The functions of disaster journalism can be supported by the features and functions that social media has. In this study, which deals with the relationship between disaster journalism and social media, it is aimed to reveal the positive dimensions of social media for disaster journalism. In this study, which is one of the qualitative research examples, Twitter was focused and 1451 tweets were analyzed by netnography method. According to the findings obtained, the definition of “disaster” comes to the fore as an alternative to the concept of earthquake and/or earthquakes. Earthquakes have been addressed in tweets by associating them with the fields of “politics and religion”. On the other hand, it has been determined that “information and collective memory” functions have become evident in tweets.

Keywords

• Disaster journalism
• social media
• Twitter
• Kahramanmaraş earthquakes
• netnography

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