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Alman Dış Politikasının Sivil Yüzü ve Kültür Politikaları

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 73 - 88, 25.03.2020

Abstract

Alman Dış Politikasının özellikle II. Dünya savaşı sonrası dönüşümünü izleyen bu çalışma, Sivil Güç Prensibi üzerinden şekillendiğini düşündüğümüz dış politika eylemlerinin teorik arka planını açıkladıktan sonra, kültür ve eğitim politikalarının dış politika içinde sahip olduğu yeri açıklamaya çalışmıştır. Sivil güç terimi aslında Orta Çağ Avrupasının medenileşme sürecinde toplumların giderek şiddetten uzaklaşması ve meşru şiddet tekeli olarak devletin kristalleşmesi ve toplum tarafından şiddet kullanımının “kötü” olarak kabul edilmesi ile açıklanabilecek sosyolojik bir terimin Uluslararası İlişkiler Literatürüne uygulanması ile ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle Avrupa Birliğinin ortaya çıkış süreci bu döneme paralel olarak görülür ve Almanya’nın dönüşümü de Avrupa’nın II. Dünya Savaşı sonrası dönüşümü ile tandem halindedir. Giderek daha farklı alanlara yayılan dış politika eylemleri, kültür ve eğitim politikaları alanında da daha kullanılır olmuş ve hatta farklı vakıflar ve enstitüler de devlet tarafından desteklenmiştir. Neticede Almanya’nın bu eğitim ve kültür politikalarını dış politikasında ciddi bir konuma yerleştirdiği kanısına varılmış ve kültürel etkileşimin toplumsal bazda daha önemli olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

References

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The Civil Face of German Foreign Politics and Cultural Politics

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 73 - 88, 25.03.2020

Abstract

The aim of this study is try to explain the place of cultural and educational policies in German Foreign Policy with an explanation of the theoretical background of the foreign policy actions that we think, were formed on the principle of Civil Power, following the transformation of German Foreign Policy, especially after the Second World War. In fact, the term civil power emerged when the societies of the Middle Ages, in the civilization process, were increasingly distanced from violence thusfore allowing the International Relations Literature to borrow the term form the Sociology and explain it as the crystallization of the state as a monopoly of legitimate violence and the use of violence by society as “bad”. In particular, the process of the emergence of the European Union could be seen parallel to the above mentioned period and the transformation of Germany is in tandem with the transformation of Europe after World War II. Foreign policy actions, which have become increasingly different and have reached many areas, have become more and more used in the field of cultural and educational policies, and even different foundations and institutes have been supported by states. As a result, it was concluded that Germany placed these educational and cultural policies in a serious position in its own foreign policy and cultural interaction was more important on a social-international basis.

References

  • AE Pamphlet 525-100 (2003). Military Operations the U.S. Army in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Erişim: https://fas.org/irp/doddir/army/ae-pam-525-100.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 24.04.2019.
  • Bild (2019). Erişim: https://www.bild.de/wa/ll/bild-de/unangemeldet-42925516.bild.html. Erişim Tarihi: 18.04.2019.
  • BPB (2019). Vor 25 Jahren: Bundesverfassungsgericht billigt Auslandseinsätze. Erişim: https://www.bpb.de/politik/hintergrund-aktuell/188072/20-jahre-parlamentsvorbehalt-10-07-2014, Erişim Tarihi: 25.04.2019
  • Der Tagesspiegel (2019). Michelle Müntefering: "Wir müssen teilen lernen". Erişim: https://www.tagesspiegel.de/kultur/staatsministerin-fuer-internationale-kulturpolitik-michelle-muentefering-wir-muessen-teilen-lernen/22616778.html, Erişim Tarihi: 24.04.2019.
  • Duffield, J. S. (1994). German Security Policy After Unification: Sources of Contunuity and Restraint. Contemporary Security Policy, 15(3), 170-198.
  • Elias, N. (1976). Über den Prozess der Zivilization. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkampf.
  • Guardian (1990). German reunification: together into the great unknown - archive, October 1990. Erişim:https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2018/oct/05/german-reunification-october-1990, Erişim Tarihi: 18.04.2019.
  • Haftendorn, H. (2001). Deutsche Außenpolitik zwischen Selbstbeschreankung und Selbstbehauptung, 1945-2000. Stuttgart/München: DVA.
  • Hellmann, G. (1997). Jenseits von „Normalisierung “und „Militarisierung “: Zur Standortdebatte über die neue deutsche Außenpolitik. Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte, 47(1-2), 24-33.
  • Hellmann, G. (1997). Jenseits von „Normalisierung “und „Militarisierung “: Zur Standortdebatte über die neue deutsche Außenpolitik. Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte, 47(1-2), 24-33.
  • Historische Zeitschrift (1983). Deutsche auswärtige Kulturpolitik seit 1871. Geschichte und Struktur: Referate und Diskussionen eines interdisziplinären Symposions, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Kulturpolitik 1. Bd. 237, H. 3, 740-742.
  • Kriste, K. ve Maull, H. W. (1996). Zivilmacht und Rollentheorie. Zeitschrift für Internationale Beziehungen, 3(2), 283-312.
  • Maull, H. W. (1992). Zivilmach Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Vierzehn Thesen für eine neue deutsche Aussenpolitik. Europa Archiv, 43(10), 269-278.
  • Maull, H. W. (2000). Germany and the Use of Force, Still a ‘Civilian Power’. Survival, 42(2), 56-80.
  • NY Times (2002). Erişim: https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/16/world/step-aside-la-and-bombay-for-nollywood.html?pagewanted=all, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019.
  • OTB (2012). German Unification Anniversary. Erişim: https://www.outsidethebeltway.com/german-unification-anniversary/, Erişim Tarihi: 18.04.2019.
  • Safia Aslam (2014). “Reunification of Germany” History from Newspapers. Erişim: https://safiaaslam269.wordpress.com/2014/11/26/reunification-of-germany-history-from-newspapers/, Erişim Tarihi: 18.04.2019
  • Schmidt, F. (1956). Zeitschrift für Politik. Neue Folge, 3(3), 252-258.
  • Senghaas, D. (Ed.) (1997). Frieden Machen. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkampf.
  • Szabo, S. F (2004). Parting Ways, The Crisis in German-American relations. Washington, DC: Brookings.
  • http://www.goethe.de/ins/cz/prj/jug/spr/csindex.htm, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019.
  • http://www.tau.edu.tr/tr/hakkimizda, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019.
  • https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/themen/kulturdialog/wissenschafthochschulen-node, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019
  • https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/themen/kulturdialog/deutschesprache-node, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019.
  • https://www.goethe.de/de/spr/unt/ver/ind/i18.html, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019.
  • www.pasch-net.de, Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2019.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Environment and Culture, Economics, Political Science, International Relations, Business Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Murat Kaymaz This is me 0000-0003-1366-7827

Merve Sevinç Sakar 0000-0002-7044-3398

Publication Date March 25, 2020
Submission Date October 7, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kaymaz, M., & Sakar, M. S. (2020). Alman Dış Politikasının Sivil Yüzü ve Kültür Politikaları. Türkiye Siyaset Bilimi Dergisi, 3(1), 73-88.

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