İkiztepe, Samsun’un Bafra ilçesi yakınlarında yer alan ve Erken Tunç Çağı’ndan Orta Tunç Çağı’na kadar kesintisiz yerleşim gösteren önemli bir arkeolojik merkezdir. 1970’lerde başlayan kazılar, bölgenin Pontos kültür alanı içinde yer aldığını göstermiştir. 1975–1976 kazılarında açığa çıkarılan İkiztepe tümülüsü, doğubatı doğrultulu, dromoslu ve tonozlu iki mezar odasından oluşan bir yapıdır. Kesme kireçtaşı bloklarla inşa edilen tümülüsün mimarisi, Hellenistik dönemin mezar geleneğini yansıtır. Mezar odasında ele geçen keramik parçaları ve Lysimakhos adına basılmış altın stater, yapının MÖ 3. yüzyıla tarihlenmesini sağlar. İkiztepe tümülüsü, plan düzeni ve yapı tekniği bakımından Samsun ve çevresindeki Kavak-Tepecik, Baruthane ve Lerdüge tümülüsleriyle benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu mimari özellikler, Hellenistik dönemde Pontos’un Paphlagonia ve Makedonya bölgeleriyle kültürel etkileşim içinde olduğunu kanıtlar. Dromos, ön oda ve tonoz örtülü ana oda düzeni, Makedon mezar mimarisinin etkisini yansıtırken; yapının yüksek bir tepeye inşa edilmesi, Thrak kökenli tümülüs geleneğinin sembolik unsurlarını da barındırmaktadır.
İkiztepe, an important archaeological site near Bafra in Samsun, provides evidence of an unbroken sequence of habitation spanning from the Early Bronze Age to the Middle Bronze Age. Excavations that began in the 1970s revealed that the region was part of the Pontic cultural sphere. The İkiztepe tumulus, unearthed during the 1975–1976 excavations, consists of an east–west oriented structure with a dromos and two barrel-vaulted burial chambers. Constructed of cut limestone blocks, the architecture of the tumulus reflects the funerary traditions of the Hellenistic period. Ceramic fragments and a gold stater bearing the name of Lysimachus, discovered within the burial chamber, date the monument to the 3rd century BCE. In terms of layout and construction technique, the İkiztepe tumulus shows similarities to the Kavak-Tepecik, Baruthane, and Lerdüge tumuli in and around Samsun. These architectural characteristics demonstrate that during the Hellenistic period, Pontos was in cultural interaction with the regions of Paphlagonia and Macedonia. The arrangement of the dromos, antechamber, and barrel-vaulted main chamber reflects the influence of Macedonian tomb architecture, while the construction of the monument on a high hill also incorporates symbolic elements of the Thracian tumulus tradition.
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Hellenistic Period Archeology, Greek and Roman Period Archeology |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | December 8, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | December 19, 2025 |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2025 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025 Issue: 37 |
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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