Makalede Van Gölü Havzasında Erken Demir Çağ pre-Urartu gömü anlayışının genel bir değerlendirmesiyapılmıştır. Doğu Anadolu yüksek yaylasında, pastoral karakteri oldukça güçlü olan Orta Tunç Çağı’nın ardından,Son Tunç Çağı içinde gelişerek dönemin sonunda ortaya çıkan yeni çanak çömlek, metal, mimari, yerleşim sistemive gömü geleneği Erken Demir Çağı’nı temsil eder. Bu dönemin yenilikleri arasında en dikkat çekici olanlarındanbiri yerleşim sistemidir. Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde, Güney Kafkasya ve Kuzeybatı İran’da olduğu gibi yüksekalanlarda ve dağ eteklerinde çok sayıda kale ve mezarlık ortaya çıkar. Hiyerarşik bir yapıya sahip yönetici sınıf veyerleşik yaşama doğru atılan adımlar sosyo-ekonomik merkezler etrafında toplanma şeklinde kendisini gösterir.Tüm bölgede pastoralizm ve sedentar hayat arasında bir yaşam tarzı görülür. Van Gölü havzası bu dönem gömügeleneği için en fazla araştırma yapılmış alandır. Ernis Ünseli Karagündüz, Yoncatepe ve Dilkaya kazıları ileyüzey araştırmasında bulunmuş ve genellikle yüksek alanlarda ve dağ eteklerinde yer alan çok sayıdaki kalemezarlıkhavzada Erken Demir Çağ gömü geleneğini temsil eder. Hakkari mezarları ve stelleri ise pre-Urartu ya daUruatri ve Nairi ülkeleri yönetici sınıfı için oldukça dikkat çekici bulgulardır. Makalede ayrıca, havzadaki ErkenDemir Çağ araştırmaları, pre-Urartu yerel güçlerini anlamanın yanısıra Urartu Krallığı kuruluş evresi içindekietkileri açısından da ele alınmıştır.
The aim of this article is to evaluation of the burial tradition of pre-Urartians in the basin of Lake Van. After the Middle Bronze Age, which had a strong pastoral character, and towards the end of the Late Bronze Age, new pottery, architectural and metallurgical traditions, new settlement pattern and new burial customs emerged in the highland of eastern Anatolia in the Early Iron Age. One of the most remarkable changes is the settlement system, great numbers of fortresses and their cemeteries in the highlands and foothills have been recorded in eastern Anatolia which is also the case southern Caucasia and northwestern Iran. A ruling elite together with a hierarchical social structure and the steps towards the sedentary life started to form around the socio-economic centers, a lifeway between pastoralism and sedentary had taken place in the whole region. Lake Van Basin is the most investigated area, excavations at cemeteries of Ernis Ünseli Karagündüz, Yoncatepe, Dilkaya, and a great number of cemeteries which is mainly connected with the highland fortresses found in the survey represent the Early Iron Age burial tradition in the basin. The graves and stelae from Hakkari are quite remarkable finds of the pre-Urartian elite, or the rulers of Uruatri and Nairi lands. This paper also emphasizes the role of Early Iron Age investigations in the basin which is important for the foundation period of the Urartian Kingdom as well as understanding the local polities of pre-Urartians
| Primary Language | Turkish |
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| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 1, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Issue: 1 |
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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