Yukarı Dicle havzasında, Ilısu Barajı kurtarma projesi kapsamında kazılan yerleşimlerden biri olan Salat Tepe'de Geç Akkad döneminden Erken Mitanni dönemi sonuna kadar kullanılan altı yapı katından oluşan kesintisiz bir stratigrafik dizilim elde edilmiştir. Mezarlar MÖ 19.-18. yüzyıllara tarihlenen IIB Dönemine aittir. Üç çömlek mezar ile bir kuyu mezar 4. tabaka yıkıntılarına kazılmış, bir çömlek mezar ile üzeri tekne ile kapatılmış bir birey de mezar eve dönüştürülen bir konuta gömülmüştür. Mezarlarda dört erişkin ile beş bebek/çocuk açığa çıkmış, bir erişkin birey yaşamını bir yangında yitirmiş, bir diğer erişkin birey de bir Demir Çağı çukur evi tarafından tahrip edilmiştir. Erişkin üç birey geniş ve derin bir kuyu mezara yatırılmış, dördüncü erişkin bir tekne ile örtülmüş, bebek ve çocuklar çömlekler içerisine gömülmüştür. Bireylerin hiç birisi yakma gömme değildir, sadece kuyu mezara ölüler yatırılmadan önce ateş yakılarak tinsel temizlik yapılmıştır. Bireylerin tümü hoker tarzda, yaklaşık Kuzey-Güney doğrultusunda yatırılmıştır. Mezarlara yaşa ve mezar tipine bakılmaksızın sadece az sayıda minyatür kap, birkaç tunç/bakır takı parçası ve boncuklar bırakılmıştır. Bu dönem yerleşiminin basit bir ya da iki odalı küçük konutlardan oluşan zayıf mimarisi ve bunlarda ele geçen buluntularla birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, yerleşimcilerin refah düzeyinin yüksek olmadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Salat Tepe'de açığa çıkan mezar tipleri ile gömme gelenekleri Kuzey Mezopotamya Orta Tunç Çağı mezar gelenekleri ile yakın benzerlik göstermektedir. Bu çağdaş mezarların da zengin buluntulara sahip olmaması, yaygın bir tutum olarak değerlendirilmektedir.
Salat Tepe is one of the settlements located in the Upper Tigris region, excavated within the salvage project of the Ilısu Dam, revealing a stratigraphic sequence of six architectural levels covers a long period from the Late Akkad to the end of the Early Mitanni Period. The burials belong to Period IIB dating to the 19th-18th centuries BC. Three potburials and one shaft-grave buried into the ruins of level 4, and one pot-burial and one covered with a larnax buried into a domestic house converted to a grave-house reveals four adults and ive infants. One adult had lost his life during a ire catastrophe, and another adult has been destroyed by an Iron Age pit house. Three adults were buried into a large and deep shaft grave, and another adult was covered by a larnax. Pot-burials were used only for infants. None of the deceased are cremated; the shaft grave seems to have been ritually cleaned by fire, before the individuals have been laid. All individuals are laid in hocked position and roughly in North-South directions. The burials contain only a small number of miniature vessels and a few copper/bronze ornaments and beads, without any difference between ages or grave types. Analysed with the relative poor architecture composed by small simple domestic units with one or two rooms and the house inventory of these levels, the inhabitants don't seem to have been prosperous. The burial types and customs at Salat Tepe show strong similarities with other Middle Bronze Age burials in Northern Mesopotamia; similarly, all contemporary burials were poorly equipped, pointing to a prevalent behaviour
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2012 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2012 Issue: 15 |
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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