Anadolu Arkeolojisi ve Hititolojinin iki öncü ismi E. Akurgal ve S. Alp Smyrna sözcüğünün bir yer adı olarak, Kültepe’de ele geçen Asurca metinlerde Tišmurna olarak geçtiğini öne sürmüşlerdir. Onlara göre zaman içerisinde -ti önekini yitirerek Smurna’ya oradan da Smyrna’ya dönüşen bu yer adı, kentin MÖ 2. binde bilindiğini göstermektedir. Bugün birçok arkeolog, kent tarihçisi, mimar tarafından kullanılan bu bilgi, bugün içinde olduğumuz internet çağından ötürü son derece yayılmış durumdadır. Fakat ses benzerliğinden hareketle kurulmuş bu eşitliğin esasında tarihsel bir karşılığı yoktur. Tišmurna Asur Ticaret Kolonileri Çağı’nda Orta Anadolu’da yer alan bir yerleşimdir ve Hellenlerin Smyrna’sı ile hiçbir ilişkisi bulunmamaktadır. Bu makalede, Orta Anadolu ticaret ağında küçük bir rol oynadığı Asurca metinlerden anlaşılan Tišmurna’nın lokalizasyon önerilerine kısaca değinilecek; daha sonra tarihi coğrafya ile ilgili son araştırmalar, arkeolojik veriler ve yazılı kaynaklar kullanılarak doğru bilinen bir yanlış haline gelmiş Tišmurna-Smyrna eşitliğinin geçerliliği sorgulanacaktır.
The two pioneers of Anatolian archaeology and hittitology, E. Akurgal and S. Alp suggested that the word Smryna as a toponym derived from Tišmurna that occurs in Assyrian texts found in Kültepe. According to them, the prefix –ti was dropped in time, this toponym turned into Smurna and from there to Smyrna. This indicates that the city was known in the 2nd Millenium BC This knowledge has been used by many archaeologists, local historians and architects, it is also very common because of the internet age we are experiencing today. However, this identification which was established based on similarity in sound actually has no historical value. Tišmurna is a settlement in Central Anatolia during the Assyrian Colony Period and it has no relationship to Greek Smyrna. In this article, the localization proposals for Tišmurna which has a minor role in the Central Anatolian Trade Network according to the Assyrian texts will be briefly mentioned; then the validity of Tišmurna-Smyrna identification which becomes a fallacy will be examined by using recent studies on the historical geography of Anatolia, archaeological data and written sources.
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Issue: 22 |
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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