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Patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.) Kuruma Kinetiği ve Renk Değişimi

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 370 - 379, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1200654

Abstract

Patlıcan taze tüketiminin yanı sıra kurutularak da yoğun bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Kurutma işlemi ile daha uzun süre muhafaza edilerek dört mevsim tüketim imkânı sağlanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada patlıcan etüvde, laboratuvar tipi konvektif kurutucuda (LTKK) 40, 50, 60, 70ºC sıcaklıklarda ve gölgede kurutularak önemli kalite parametrelerinden olan renk kriterleri ve kuruma kinetiği belirlenmiştir. Kurutma işlemi öncesi ürünler eşit boyutlarda dilimlenerek ince tabaka kurutma modelinde kurutularak renk ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Kurutma verileri incelendiğinde en uzun kuruma süresi 124 saat süren gölgede kurutmayken en kısa süren kurutma işlemi 3 saat 45 dakika LTKK 70ºC sıcaklıkta bulunmuştur. Kurutma modellemesinde Page, Midilli-Küçük, Lewis ve Jena & Das modelleri kullanılmıştır. Modellemede güvenilirlik seviyesi tüm modeller için p<0.001 olarak bulunmuştur. Kurutma modellerinde en yüksek R2 değeri 0.9998 olarak Page modelinde LTKK 40ºC sıcaklıkta, Midilli-Küçük modelinde ise LTKK 60ºC sıcaklıkta tespit edilmiştir. Renk değerleri açısından hesaplanan renk özelliklerinde tazeye en yakın olan kroma değeri etüv kurutucuda 60ºC sıcaklıkta, hue açısı LTKK 60ºC sıcaklıkta, toplam renk değişimi ve kahverengileşme indeksi ise LTKK 70ºC sıcaklıkta bulunmuştur.

References

  • Akkuş M (2015). Yarı kurak iklim koşullarında, farklı su seviyelerinde patlıcanın (Solanum melongena L.) sulama programlarının belirlenmesi ve verim bileşenlerine etkisi. Harran Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarımsal Yapılar Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. s. 87, Şanlıurfa-Türkiye.
  • Alibaş İ (2012). Asma Yaprağının (Vitis vinifera L.) Mikrodalga enerjisiyle kurutulması ve bazı kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1): 43-53.
  • Dak M, Sagar VR ve Jha SK (2014). Shelf-life and kinetics of quality change of dried pomegranate arils in flexible packagig. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 2(1): 1-6.
  • Darniadi S, Ho P ve Murray BS (2018). Comparison of blueberry powder produced via foam-mat freeze-drying versus spray-drying: evaluation of foam and powder properties. J Sci Food Agric; 98: 2002-2010.
  • Doymaz İ ve Aktaş C (2018). Patlıcan dilimlerinin kurutma ve rehidrasyon karakteristiklerinin belirlenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(3): 833-842.
  • FAO (2022). Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (03.11.2022).
  • Jena S ve Das H (2007). Modelling for vacuum drying characteristics of coconut presscake. Journal of Food Engineering, 79(1): 92-99.
  • Karim MA ve Hawlader MNA (2005). Mathematical Modeling and experimental ınvestigation of tropical fruits drying. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 48(23-24): 4914-4925.
  • Kaya A ve Aydın O (2008). Kurutma havası sıcaklığının kızılcığın kuruma süresi ve sorpsiyon eğrisine etkisinin deneysel incelenmesi. Isı Bilimi ve Tekniği Dergisi, 28(2): 45-49.
  • Kılıç A (2017). LTHV (Low Temperature And High Velocıty) drying characteristics and mathematical modeling of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). The Journal of Food, 42 (6): 654-665, doi: 10.15237/gida.GD17043.
  • Kutlu N ve İşci A (2016). Farklı kurutma yöntemlerinin patlıcanın kurutma karakteristikleri üzerine etkisi ve kurutmanın matematiksel modellenmesi. Akademik Gıda, 14(1): 21-27.
  • Lewis WK (1921). The rate of drying of solid materials. Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 13: 427-443.
  • McGuire RG (1992). Reporting of objective color measurements. Hort Science, 27: 1254-1255.
  • Page GE (1949). Factors influencing the maximum rates of air drying shelled corn in thin-layers. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Purdue University. West Lafayette. Indiana. USA.
  • Pestaño LD, Bautista JPT, Leguiab RJRH ve Puri SDD (2018). Mathematical Modeling of the drying kinetics of thinly-sliced saba (Musa balbasiana) using hot-air dryer. MATEC Web of Conferences 156, 02004, https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20181560200 4.
  • Plou E, Lopez-Malo A, Barbosa-Canovas GV, Welti-Chanes J ve Swanson BG (1999). Polyphenoloxidase activitiy and color of blanced and high hydrostatic pressure treated banana puree. Journal of Food Science, 64: 42-45.
  • Si X, Chen QQ, Bi JF, Wu XY, Yi JY ve Zhou LY (2016). Comparison ofdifferent drying methods on the physical properties, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of raspberry powders. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 96, 2055-2062.
  • Yağcıoglu A (1999). Tarımsal ürünleri kurutma tekniği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No. 536. Bornova. İzmir.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Drying Kinetics and Color Change

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 370 - 379, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1200654

Abstract

Eggplant is used intensively in addition to its fresh consumption, as well as dried. With the drying process, it can be stored for a longer time and can be consumed in four seasons. In this study, the color criteria and drying kinetics, which are important quality parameters, were determined by drying the eggplant oven in a laboratory type convective dryer at 40, 50, 60, 70ºC and in the shade environment. Before the drying process, the products were sliced in equal thickness and dried in a thin layer drying model and color measurements were made. When the drying datas were examined, the longest drying time was 124 hours in the shade environment, the shortest drying process was 3 hours 45 minutes in the laboratory type convective dryer at 70ºC. Page, Midilli-Küçük, Lewis and Jena & Das models were used for drying modeling. The reliability level in modeling was found to be p<0.001 for all models. The highest R2 value was found to be 0.9998 in the drying models, at 40ºC in the laboratory type convective dryer in the Page model, and at 60ºC in the laboratory type convective dryer in the Midilli-Küçük model. The chroma value, which is closest to fresh in color properties calculated in terms of color values, was found at 60ºC in the oven dryer, the hue angle at 60ºC in the laboratory type convective dryer, and the total color change and browning index at 70ºC in the laboratory type convective dryer.

References

  • Akkuş M (2015). Yarı kurak iklim koşullarında, farklı su seviyelerinde patlıcanın (Solanum melongena L.) sulama programlarının belirlenmesi ve verim bileşenlerine etkisi. Harran Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarımsal Yapılar Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. s. 87, Şanlıurfa-Türkiye.
  • Alibaş İ (2012). Asma Yaprağının (Vitis vinifera L.) Mikrodalga enerjisiyle kurutulması ve bazı kalite parametrelerinin belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1): 43-53.
  • Dak M, Sagar VR ve Jha SK (2014). Shelf-life and kinetics of quality change of dried pomegranate arils in flexible packagig. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 2(1): 1-6.
  • Darniadi S, Ho P ve Murray BS (2018). Comparison of blueberry powder produced via foam-mat freeze-drying versus spray-drying: evaluation of foam and powder properties. J Sci Food Agric; 98: 2002-2010.
  • Doymaz İ ve Aktaş C (2018). Patlıcan dilimlerinin kurutma ve rehidrasyon karakteristiklerinin belirlenmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(3): 833-842.
  • FAO (2022). Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (03.11.2022).
  • Jena S ve Das H (2007). Modelling for vacuum drying characteristics of coconut presscake. Journal of Food Engineering, 79(1): 92-99.
  • Karim MA ve Hawlader MNA (2005). Mathematical Modeling and experimental ınvestigation of tropical fruits drying. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 48(23-24): 4914-4925.
  • Kaya A ve Aydın O (2008). Kurutma havası sıcaklığının kızılcığın kuruma süresi ve sorpsiyon eğrisine etkisinin deneysel incelenmesi. Isı Bilimi ve Tekniği Dergisi, 28(2): 45-49.
  • Kılıç A (2017). LTHV (Low Temperature And High Velocıty) drying characteristics and mathematical modeling of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus). The Journal of Food, 42 (6): 654-665, doi: 10.15237/gida.GD17043.
  • Kutlu N ve İşci A (2016). Farklı kurutma yöntemlerinin patlıcanın kurutma karakteristikleri üzerine etkisi ve kurutmanın matematiksel modellenmesi. Akademik Gıda, 14(1): 21-27.
  • Lewis WK (1921). The rate of drying of solid materials. Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 13: 427-443.
  • McGuire RG (1992). Reporting of objective color measurements. Hort Science, 27: 1254-1255.
  • Page GE (1949). Factors influencing the maximum rates of air drying shelled corn in thin-layers. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Mechanical Engineering. Purdue University. West Lafayette. Indiana. USA.
  • Pestaño LD, Bautista JPT, Leguiab RJRH ve Puri SDD (2018). Mathematical Modeling of the drying kinetics of thinly-sliced saba (Musa balbasiana) using hot-air dryer. MATEC Web of Conferences 156, 02004, https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20181560200 4.
  • Plou E, Lopez-Malo A, Barbosa-Canovas GV, Welti-Chanes J ve Swanson BG (1999). Polyphenoloxidase activitiy and color of blanced and high hydrostatic pressure treated banana puree. Journal of Food Science, 64: 42-45.
  • Si X, Chen QQ, Bi JF, Wu XY, Yi JY ve Zhou LY (2016). Comparison ofdifferent drying methods on the physical properties, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of raspberry powders. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 96, 2055-2062.
  • Yağcıoglu A (1999). Tarımsal ürünleri kurutma tekniği. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No. 536. Bornova. İzmir.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hüsne Gök 0000-0003-3120-8480

Mehmetcan Olgaç 0000-0002-9487-1661

Hakan Polatcı 0000-0002-2071-2086

Early Pub Date December 16, 2022
Publication Date December 31, 2022
Submission Date November 8, 2022
Acceptance Date December 5, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gök, H., Olgaç, M., & Polatcı, H. (2022). Patlıcan (Solanum melongena L.) Kuruma Kinetiği ve Renk Değişimi. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 3(2), 370-379. https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1200654

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