A Comparative Analysis of Turkey and Singapore 5th Grade Mathematics Textbooks in Terms of Worked Examples and Questions

Year 2019, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 539 - 566, 10.09.2019

Zehra Toprak , Mehmet Fatih Özmantar

https://doi.org/10.16949/turkbilmat.490210

Abstract

This study aims at
comparing Turkey and Singapore 5th grade mathematics textbooks in terms of
learning opportunities offered to students through worked-examples and
questions posed (potential cognitive demand, reasoning and proof). The study
that adopts document analysis technique reveals that Singapore textbook
includes more visual representations and graphical displays, provides more
multiple solution methods, uses modeling more effectively while the Turkish
textbook includes more real-life related worked-examples. Results show that the
questions in Singapore 5th grade textbook entail relatively higher cognitive
demand but that most questions in both Turkey and Singapore textbooks are at
memorization level. It was also found out that Singapore textbook includes more
reasoning and proof questions and there was more variety of reasoning and proof
questions. However, there were no questions to encourage evaluating
justifications, generic examples, and empirical types of elicited arguments in
both books.

Keywords

textbook analysis, worked examples, potential cognitive demand, reasoning and proof

Türkiye ve Singapur 5. Sınıf Matematik Ders Kitaplarının Çözümlü Örnekler ve Sorular Açısından Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışma,
Türkiye ve Singapur 5. sınıf matematik ders kitaplarının öğrencilerine sunduğu
öğrenme fırsatlarını çözümlü örnekler ve öğrencilerin çözmesi beklenen sorular
(potansiyel bilişsel istem, muhakeme ve ispat) yoluyla karşılaştırmayı
amaçlamıştır. Doküman analizi tekniği kullanılan araştırma, çözümlü örnekler
açısından Singapur 5. sınıf matematik kitabının daha fazla görsel temsil ve
grafiksel resim içerdiğini, bu kitabın farklı çözüm yollarına daha fazla yer
verdiğini, modellemeyi daha etkin kullandığını, Türk kitabında ise günlük
hayatla ilişkili çözümlü örneklerin daha fazla olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Singapur 5. sınıf matematik ders 
kitabındaki soruların göreceli olarak daha yüksek seviyede bilişsel
istem gerektirdiği fakat her iki ülke kitabında soruların çoğunun hatırlama
düzeyinde olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, Singapur ders kitabında daha fazla
muhakeme ve ispat gerektiren soru olduğu ve bu soruların çeşitliliğinin fazla
olduğu bulunmuştur. Bununla beraber, her iki ülke kitabında da gerekçeleri değerlendirmeye,
kapsamlı örneğe  ve denemeye dayalı
argümana teşvik eden sorulara rastlanmamıştır.  

Keywords

ders kitabı analizi, çözümlü örnekler, potansiyel bilişsel istem, muhakeme ve ispat

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