Chemical Diversity in Essential Oil Compositions of Leaf, Herb and Flower in Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis L.)

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 210 - 214, 26.07.2014

Mesut Uyanık Bilal Gurbuz

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine chemical variability in terms of essential oil compositions in leaves, herb and flowers of lemon balm. In experiment, Melissa officinalis ssp. officinalis was used as the material. Leaf and herb samples were taken before flowering stage while flower samples were taken at full flowering stage. The essential oils were isolated by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC/MS. According to results, significant variations were observed in leaves, herb and flowers as concerns essential oil components. Thirteen, fifteen and fourteen components were identified in leaves, herb and flowers, respectively. In leaves and flower, main component was citral (25.22% and 21.20%), followed by caryophyllene oxide (21.95% and 18.44%) and z-citral (19.08% and 16.03%). Compared to leaf and flower, herb showed differences in terms of major components. While, caryophyllene oxide (29.25%) was the main component, citral (15.20%) and β-caryophyllene (12.14%) were the second and third components in herb, respectively.

Keywords

Lemon balm, Melissa officinalis, essential oil compositions, caryophyllene oxide

Oğulotu (Melissa officinalis L.)’ndaYaprak, Herba ve Çiçekte Uçucu Yağ Bileşenlerindeki Kimyasal Değişim

Abstract

Bu çalışma oğulotu (Melissa officinalis L.)’nun yaprak, herba ve çiçeğindeki uçucu yağ bileşenleri açısından değişimi belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Denemede materyal olarak Melissa officinalis ssp. officinalis kullanılmıştır. Yaprak ve herba örnekleri çiçeklenme öncesi dönemde alınırken, çiçek örnekleri tam çiçeklenme döneminde alınmıştır. Uçucu yağlar su distilasyonu yöntemiyle elde edilmiş olup, GC/MS cihazıyla bileşen analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, yaprak, herba ve çiçekte uçucu yağ bileşenleri bakımından önemli değişimler tespit edilmiştir. Yaprak, herba ve çiçekte sırasıyla 13, 15 ve 14 uçucu yağ bileşeni belirlenmiştir. Yaprak ve çiçekte ana bileşen citral (%25.22 ve %21.20) olurken, bunu caryophyllene oxide (%21.95 ve %18.44) ve z-citral (%19.08 ve %16.03) izlemiştir. Yaprak ve çiçekle kıyaslandığında, ana bileşenler bakımından herbada farklılıklar görülmüştür. Nitekim herbada caryophyllene oxide (%29.25) ana bileşen olurken, citral (%15.20) ve β-caryophyllene (%12.14) sırasıyla ikinci ve üçüncü bileşen olmuştur.

Keywords

Oğulotu, Melissa officinalis, uçucu yağ bileşenleri, caryophyllene oxide

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