EVALUATION OF PLANTS BASED ON ECOLOGICAL TOLERANCE CRITERIA: A CASE STUDY OF URBAN OPEN GREEN SPACES IN RIZE, TÜRKİYE

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 107 - 131, 31.10.2024

Erdi Ekren , Ömer Lütfü Çorbacı , Sinan Kordon

Abstract

In addition to aggressive urbanization, climate change and ecological challenges also have serious negative effects on urban green areas. Moreover, the selection of inappropriate plants in urban green space landscape projects increases the severity of these negatives. Therefore, inappropriate plant selection is considered a significant threat to the sustainability of urban green spaces. This situation highlights the importance of selecting plants with high ecological tolerance in urban park landscape projects. In this study, all tree, shrub, and ground cover plants identified in 11 urban parks and open green areas in Rize province were evaluated in terms of ecological tolerance criteria (air pollution, drought, wind, temperature, cold, and salinity). A total of 223 plant taxa were examined (77 native, 3 semi-native, 143 exotic), and it was determined that 149 taxa (49 native, 100 exotic) were sensitive to at least one of these criteria, while the remaining 74 taxa (27 native, 47 exotic) had sufficient tolerance to all ecological variables examined. Prunus serrulata Lindl. ‘Kanzan’ was identified as the taxon with the weakest ecological tolerance, and the resilience statuses of the other taxa were presented in the assessment table created. As a result, it was found that there are taxa used in Rize urban open green areas that pose risks against ecological factors, and recommendations were made for future landscape planting projects.

Keywords

Ecological tolerance, Plant material, Rize

BİTKİLERİN EKOLOJİK TOLERANS KRİTERLERİNE GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: RİZE KENTSEL AÇIK YEŞİL ALANLAR ÖRNEĞİ, TÜRKİYE

Abstract

Kentleşmeden kaynaklanan yeşil alan miktarındaki azalmaya ek olarak iklim değişikliği ve bunun neden olduğu ekolojik değişiklikler de kentsel yeşil alanlar üzerinde ciddi olumsuz etkiler oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca, kentsel yeşil alan peyzaj projelerinde uygun olmayan bitki seçimleri de bu olumsuzlukların derecesini artırmakta ve yeşil alanların sürdürülebilirliği için önemli bir tehdit olarak görülmektedir. Bu durum yeşil alan bitkilendirme çalışmalarında ekolojik toleransı yüksek bitki seçiminin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada Rize ilinde bulunan 11 kent parkı ve açık yeşil alanda tespit edilen tüm ağaç, ağaççık, çalı ve yer örtücü bitkiler ekolojik tolerans kriterleri (hava kirliliği, kuraklık, rüzgar, sıcaklık, soğuk ve tuzluluk) açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada 223 bitki taksonu incelenmiş olup (77 doğal, 3 yarı doğal, 143 egzotik) 149 taksonun (49 doğal, 100 egzotik) bu kriterlerden en az birine karşı duyarlı olduğu ve kalan 74 taksonun (27 doğal 47 egzotik) incelenen tüm ekolojik değişkenlere karşı yeterli toleransa sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Prunus serrulata Lindl. ‘Kanzan’ ekolojik toleransı en zayıf takson olarak tespit edilmiş ve diğer taksonların dirençlilik durumları oluşturulan değerlendirme tablosunda belirtilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Rize kentsel açık yeşil alanlarında kullanılan bitki taksonlarından ekolojik faktörlere karşı risk barındıran taksonlar olduğu tespit edilmiş, gelecekte yapılması planlanan bitkilendirme çalışmaları için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Ekolojik Tolerans, Bitki materyali, Rize

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