EVALUATION OF PROHIBITION AGAINST USE OF FORCE AND VALIDITY OF ITS EXCEPTIONS IN CYBERSPACE WITHIN THE SCOPE OF TALLINN MANUAL

Year 2022, Volume: 53, 21 - 40, 26.12.2022

Cemre Çise Kadıoğlu Kumtepe

Abstract

In this study, whether states can establish sovereignty in cyberspace and the applicability of international law rules for the use of force in cyberspace is discussed. The approaches to determining the scope of the use of force in cyberspace and the existing international law on this subject are analyzed. The responsibility arising from the cyber actions of non-state actors is analyzed and the applicability of the right of self-defense, which is an exception to the prohibition of use of force is discussed. As a result, it is seen that the rules of international law are applicable to the use of force in cyberspace and the exceptions to the prohibition of resorting to force are still valid in cyberspace, and it has been concluded that these rules should be applied restrictively because of the gray areas with the definition of armed attack, the scope of self-defense and the party to whom the self-defense will be directed in cyberspace. 

Keywords

Cyber-attack, use of force, right of self-defense, Tallinn Manual

Siber Uzayda Kuvvet Kullanma Yasağı ve Yasağın İstisnalarının Geçerliliğinin Tallinn Rehberi Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, devletlerin siber uzayda egemenlik tesis edip edemeyeceği ve siber uzayda kuvvet kullanımına yönelik uluslararası hukuk kurallarının uygulanabilirliği ele alınmıştır. Siber uzayda kuvvet kullanmanın kapsamının belirlenmesine yönelik yaklaşımlar ve bu konuda var olan uluslararası hukuk kuralları üzerinde durulmuştur. Devlet dışı aktörlerin siber eylemlerinden doğan sorumluluk incelenmiş ve kuvvet kullanma yasağının istisnası olan meşru müdafaa hakkının uygulanabilirliği tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, uluslararası hukuk kurallarının siber uzayda kuvvet kullanımına uygulandığı ve kuvvete başvurma yasağının istisnaları siber uzayda da geçerliliğini koruduğu görülmüş, siber uzayda silahlı saldırının tanımı, meşru müdafaanın kapsamı ve yönlendirileceği taraf açısından gri alanlar nedeniyle bu kuralların sınırlı şekilde uygulanması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Siber saldırı, kuvvet kullanma, meşru müdafaa hakkı, Tallinn Rehberi

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