EVALUATING NEW APPROACHES IN MARITIME TRANSPORT AND COASTAL STRUCTURES FROM AN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY PERSPECTIVE

Öz

Maritime transport and coastal structures are among the fundamental components of global maritime trade and are undergoing a sustainability-focused transformation process in line with the strict emission measures enacted by the IMO (International Maritime Organization) and the EU (European Union) as a result of increasing environmental concerns. This study aims to examine new approaches developed and implemented in maritime transport and port activities worldwide from an environmental sustainability perspective. In particular, by comparing different countries, ports, or policies, a conceptual and comparative literature analysis was conducted. As a result of the status assessment of current practices, it was determined that alternative fuels (LNG, methanol, ammonia, etc.), digitalization and smart shipping applications, energy efficiency measures, and green port initiatives play a critical role in ensuring environmental sustainability. However, it has been observed that alternative fuels have limitations such as supply security, high investment costs, and methane leakage, and that digital infrastructure investments may be insufficient, especially in developing countries. The findings reveal that sectoral transformation is possible not only through technological innovations but also through predictable regulations by policymakers, financial incentive mechanisms, and the concerted action of stakeholders. The study serves as a guide for strategic decision-making processes for shipping companies, port authorities, and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive solutions for environmental sustainability goals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maritime Transport
• Coastal Structures
• Environmental Sustainability
• Green Port
• Alternative Fuels
• Digitalization

DENİZYOLU VE KIYI YAPILARINDA YENİ YAKLAŞIMLARIN ÇEVRESEL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK PERSPEKTİFİNDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Denizyolu taşımacılığı ve kıyı yapıları, küresel deniz ticaretinin temel bileşenleri arasında yer almakta ve artan çevresel kaygılar sonucu IMO (Uluslararası Denizcilik Örgütü) ve AB (Avrupa Birliği)’nin yürürlüğe koyduğu sıkı emisyon tedbirleri doğrultusunda sürdürülebilirlik odaklı bir dönüşüm sürecine girmektedir. Bu çalışma, dünya genelinde denizyolu taşımacılığı ve liman faaliyetlerinde geliştirilen ve hayata geçirilen yeni yaklaşımları çevresel sürdürülebilirlik perspektifinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Özellikle farklı ülkeler, limanlar veya politikalar kıyaslanarak kavramsal ve karşılaştırılmalı literatür analizi sonucu güncel uygulamaların durum değerlendirmesi neticesinde, alternatif yakıtlar (LNG, metanol, amonyak vb.), dijitalleşme ve akıllı denizcilik uygulamaları, enerji verimliliği tedbirleri ile yeşil liman girişimlerinin çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanmasında kritik rol oynadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, alternatif yakıtların arz güvenliği, yüksek yatırım maliyetleri ve metan kaçağı gibi sınırlılıklar ile dijital altyapı yatırımlarının özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yetersiz kalabileceği görülmüştür. Bulgular, sektörel dönüşümün yalnızca teknolojik yeniliklerle değil, aynı zamanda politika yapıcıların öngörülebilir düzenlemeleri, finansal teşvik mekanizmaları ve paydaşların ortak bir tavırla hareketi ile mümkün olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, denizcilik firmaları, liman otoriteleri ve politika yapıcılar için stratejik karar alma süreçlerinde yol gösterici nitelikte olup, çevresel sürdürülebilirlik hedeflerine yönelik bütüncül çözümlerin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Denizyolu Taşımacılığı
• Kıyı Yapıları
• Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik
• Yeşil Liman
• Alternatif Yakıtlar
• Dijitalleşme

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