Research Article

From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory

Volume: 9 Number: 2 June 29, 2026
TR EN

From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory

Abstract

University choice is rarely a standalone decision. It is embedded in how students imagine their futures, and yet research has largely treated institutional selection and career planning as parallel processes rather than integrated ones. This study addresses that gap by applying Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) to reframe university preferences as expressions of outcome expectations, offering a theoretically grounded account of how prospective students translate career motivations into institutional choices. The study draws on cross-sectional survey data from 1,367 final-year secondary school students preparing for the national university entrance examination in Türkiye, collected through cluster sampling and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The sample captures students at a critical and time-pressured transition point, giving the findings both analytical depth and real-world relevance. What emerges is a coherent motivational structure underlying university choice. Career-related outcome expectations, particularly income potential, employment access, occupational security, and professional longevity, align systematically with preferred institutional attributes: technological infrastructure, academic quality, campus facilities, geographic location, and reputation. Social media has become the leading information source (22%), while over a third of students report making this decision jointly with their families (38%), a finding that complicates individualistic models of college choice. The finfdings demonstrate that institutional preferences are structurally shaped by how students anticipate their professional futures, not by institutional attributes evaluated in isolation. By mapping this pathway within an SCCT framework, the paper advances a more integrated model of higher education decision-making, with direct implications for university recruitment strategy, career guidance policy, and college choice research.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This research received no funding.

Ethical Statement

I hereby declare that all processes of the study comply with research and publication ethics, and that I have adhered to ethical guidelines and the principles of proper academic citation.

References

  1. Akar, C. (2012). Üniversite seçimini etkileyen faktörler: İktisadi ve idari bilimler öğrencileri üzerine bir çalışma. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 97-120. https://izlik.org/JA99GG44JX
  2. Akıntuğ, Y. (2012). Grup rehberliği programının ergenlerin mesleki olgunluk düzeylerine etkisi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (Hacettepe University Journal of Education). Special issue 1, 12-21.
  3. Akkan, E., & Bozyiğit, S. (2014). Eğitim hizmetleri pazarlamasında web sitelerin önemi: Türkiye’deki devlet üniversitelerinin incelenmesi. Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1), 84-99. https://izlik.org/JA32SA99WJ
  4. Akosah-Twumasi, P., Emeto, T. I., Lindsay, D., Tsey, K., & Malau-Aduli, B. S. (2018). A systematic review of factors that influence youths career choices—the role of culture. In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 3, p. 58). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2018.00058
  5. Albert, C. (2000). Higher education demand in Spain: The influence of labour market signals and family background. Higher Education, 40, 147-162. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004070925581
  6. Aslan, Y., & Koçak, O. (2023). How do family influence on career choices and perceived social support affect students’ life satisfaction in Turkey? The role of vocational outcome expectations as mediator. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 21(3), 551–570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-023-09602-1
  7. Ateş, M., & Kılınç, Y. (2013). Üniversite öğrencilerinin coğrafya bölümlerini tercih etmelerinde lise coğrafya öğretmenlerinin etkisi. Marmara Coğrafya Dergisi, (28), 47-63. https://izlik.org/JA28WH96XW
  8. Ayhan, B. (2025, August 25). 2025-YKS yerleştirme sonuçları istatistikleri açıklandı. Anadolu Ajansı. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/egitim/2025-yks-yerlestirme-sonuclari-istatistikleri-aciklandi/3668586

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Higher Education Studies (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 29, 2026

Submission Date

April 28, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 4, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 9 Number: 2

APA
Serpil, H. (2026). From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory. Journal of University Research, 9(2), 131-146. https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB
AMA
1.Serpil H. From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory. Journal of University Research. 2026;9(2):131-146. https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB
Chicago
Serpil, Harun. 2026. “From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory”. Journal of University Research 9 (2): 131-46. https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB.
EndNote
Serpil H (June 1, 2026) From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory. Journal of University Research 9 2 131–146.
IEEE
[1]H. Serpil, “From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory”, Journal of University Research, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 131–146, June 2026, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB
ISNAD
Serpil, Harun. “From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory”. Journal of University Research 9/2 (June 1, 2026): 131-146. https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB.
JAMA
1.Serpil H. From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory. Journal of University Research. 2026;9:131–146.
MLA
Serpil, Harun. “From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory”. Journal of University Research, vol. 9, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 131-46, https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB.
Vancouver
1.Harun Serpil. From Outcome Expectations to Institutional Preferences: Understanding University Choice From the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory. Journal of University Research [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 1;9(2):131-46. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA22WD22WB