Industry 5.0: Reconstructing The Human–Technology Balance

Abstract

This study evaluates Industry 5.0 as a transformative paradigm that reconstructs the interaction among humans, technology, and the environment. In this regard, the study constitutes a conceptual inquiry that examines the theoretical dimensions of the concept through a comprehensive and holistic approach. Moving beyond the automation- and efficiency-oriented logic of Industry 4.0, Industry 5.0 integrates technological progress with ethical, social, and ecological values through its three foundational pillars, human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience. Innovations such as human-centered artificial intelligence, collaborative robots, and eco-friendly Technologies human creativity and responsibility at the core of production systems. However, technological infrastructure gaps, ethical governance challenges, and digital inequalities remain key constraints to its full implementation. This study aims to define the conceptual boundaries of Industry 5.0 and to identify its fundamental differences from Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. Thus, the study consolidates the fragmented discussions on Industry 5.0 in the literature and redefines the theoretical boundaries of the concept within an integrative framework.

Keywords

• Industry 5.0
• Fifth Industrial Revolution
• Society 5.0
• Human-Centric Manufacturing
• Human-Centered Diigital Transformation

Endüstri 5.0: İnsan-Teknoloji Dengesinin Yeniden İnşası

Öz

Bu çalışma, Endüstri 5.0’ı insan, teknoloji ve çevre etkileşimini yeniden yapılandıran dönüşümsel bir paradigma olarak değerlendirmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, kavramın kuramsal boyutlarını bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ele alan kavramsal bir incelemedir. Endüstri 4.0’ın otomasyon ve verimlilik odaklı anlayışının ötesine geçen Endüstri 5.0, insan-merkezlilik, sürdürülebilirlik ve dayanıklılık boyutlarıyla teknolojik ilerlemeyi etik ve toplumsal değerlerle bütünleştirmektedir. İnsan-merkezli yapay zekâ, işbirlikçi robotlar ve çevre dostu teknolojiler gibi yenilikler, üretim süreçlerinde insanın yaratıcılığını ve sorumluluğunu yeniden ön plana taşımaktadır. Ancak teknolojik altyapı eksiklikleri, etik düzenlemeler ve dijital eşitsizlikler sürecin temel sınırlılıkları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışma endüstri 5.0’ın kavramsal sınırlarını belirlemeyi, Endüstri 4.0 ve Toplum 5.0 ile arasındaki temel farkları ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Böylece çalışma, literatürde dağınık biçimde ele alınan Endüstri 5.0 tartışmalarını bir araya getirerek, kavramın teorik sınırlarını bütünleştirici bir çerçevede yeniden tanımlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endüstri 5.0
• Beşinci Sanayi Devrimi
• İnsan Merkezli Üretim
• Toplum 5.0
• İnsan Odaklı Dijital Dönüşüm

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