Improving In-Role and Extra-Role Performance through Workplace Spirituality

Abstract

Technical developments after the industrialization process, democratization, increasing acceptance of secularism, and an increasingly widespread economic capitalist perspective, created values such as extreme competitiveness and globalization and influenced fundamental changes of modern society. In this atmosphere, the modern worker has to adopt a more positivist working style that is spiritually evacuated. This new working life has increased the need for a more spiritual work environment, which opens up space for the individuality of the employees. In this study, we will present the results of the field research conducted on 190 academicians and the conceptual background of the workplace spirituality-performance relationship.

Keywords

• Workplace Spirituality,Spirituality,In-role Performance

ROL-İÇİ VE ROL-ÜSTÜ PERFORMANSIN İŞYERİ RUHSALLIĞI İLE ARTTIRILMASI

Abstract

Sanayileşme süreci sonrasında gerçekleşen teknik gelişmeler, demokratikleşme, sekülerliğin giderek kabul görmesi ve ekonomik anlamda gitgide yaygınlaşan kapitalist bakış açısı, aşırı rekabetçilik ve küreselleşme gibi değerleri yaratmış ve modern toplumun köklü bir şekilde değişiminde etkili olmuştur.Bu atmosferde modern çalışan da manevi olarak içi boşaltılmış fazla pozitivist bir çalışma tarzını benimsemek durumunda bırakmıştır. Bu yeni çalışma hayatı, işyeri ruhsallığını benimseyen yani çalışanların bireyselliklerine alan açan daha spiritüel bir iş ortamına olan ihtiyacı arttırmıştır. Bu çalışmada işyeri ruhsallığının rol içi ve rol ötesi performans üzerindeki olası etkilerini incelemek amacıyla 190 akademisyen üzerinde yapılan araştırmanın sonuçları ve bu ilişkinin kavramsal arka planını sunulacaktır.

Keywords

• İşyeri Ruhsalığı (maneviyatı),Spiritüelite,Rol-içi Performas

References

1. Afsar, B., & Badir, Y. (2017). Workplace spirituality, perceived organizational support and innovative work behavior: The mediating effects of person-organization fit. Journal of workplace Learning, 29(2), 95-109.
2. Afsar, B., Badir, Y., & Kiani, U. S. (2016). Linking spiritual leadership and employee pro-environmental behavior: The influence of workplace spirituality, intrinsic motivation, and environmental passion. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 79-88.
3. Ahmadi, S., Nami, Y., & Barvarz, R. (2014). The relationship between spirituality in the workplace and organizational citizenship behavior. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 262-264.
4. Altaf, A., and M. A. Awan. 2011. “Moderating A ect of Workplace Spirituality on the Relationship of Job Overload and Job Satisfaction.” Journal of Business Ethics 104 (1): 93–99.
5. Ashmos, D., & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134–145.
6. Bauman, Z. (2001). The great war of recognition. Theory, Culture & Society, 18(2-3), 137-150.
7. Baykal, E., & Zehir, C. (2018). Mediating effect of psychological capital on the relationship between spiritual leadership and performance. Economics and Management.
8. Chawla, V. (2016). Workplace spirituality governance: Impact on customer orientation and salesperson performance. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 31(4), 498-506.

9. Collins, J. (2001). Good to great. New York: HarperBusiness, 14, 41-187.
10. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2003). Good business: Leadership, flow, and the making of meaning. New York: Penguin.
11. Daniel, J. L. (2015). “Workplace Spirituality and Stress: Evidence from Mexico and US.” Management Research Review 38 (1): 29–43.
12. Duchon, D., & Plowman, D. A. (2005). Nurturing the spirit at work: Impact on work unit performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 807-833.
13. Emmons, R. & Paloutzian, R. (2003). The psychology of religion. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 377-402.
14. Fromm, E. (l987), İtaatsizlik Üzerine Denemeler, (Çev.A.Sayın) İst: Yaprak Yayınları
15. Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727.
16. Fry, L. W. (2005). Toward a theory of ethical and spiritual well-being, and corporate social responsibility through spiritual leadership. Positive Psychology in Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibility, 7–83.
17. Garcia-Zamor, J. -C. (2003). Workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Public Administration Review, 63(3), 355–363.
18. Garg, N. (2018). Promoting Organizational Performance in Indian Insurance Industry: The Roles of Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Global Business Review, 0972150918778983.
19. Gatling, A., J. Kim, and J. Milliman. 2016. “ e Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Hospitality Supervisors’ Work Attitudes: A Self-determination eory Perspective.” International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 28 (3): 1–38.
20. Gibbons, P. (2000), “Spirituality at work: definitions, measures, assumptions, and validity claims”, paper presented at the Academy of Management, Toronto.
21. Goodman, S. A., & Svyantek, D. J. (1999). Person–organization fit and contextual performance: Do shared values matter. Journal of vocational behavior, 55(2), 254-275.
22. Gull, G. A., & Doh, J. (2004). The “transmutation” of the organization: Toward a more spiritual workplace. Journal of Management Inquiry, 13(2), 128-139.
23. Hamid, N., & Dehghanizadeh, Z. (2012). The relationship between spirituality, organizational commitment and general health with job performance of clinical nurses. Quarterly Journal of nursing management, 1(2), 20-28.
24. Houghton, J. D., Neck, C. P., & Krishnakumar, S. (2016). The what, why, and how of spirituality in the workplace revisited: A 14-year update and extension. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 13(3), 177-205.
25. Joelle, M., & Coelho, A. M. (2019). The impact of spirituality at work on workers’ attitudes and individual performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(7), 1111-1135.
26. Kanungo, R.N. (1992), “Alienation And Empowerment: Some Ethical Imperatives IIn Business” Journal Of Business Ethics,, Vol:11, No:5-6
27. Kazemipour, F., Amin, S. M., & Pourseidi, B. (2012). Relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior among nurses through mediation of affective organizational commitment. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 44(3), 302-310.
28. Malik, M. E., Naeem, B., & Ali, B. B. (2011). How do workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behaviour influence sales performance of FMCG sales force. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(8), 610-620.
29. Martin, J. E., & Carlson, C. R. (1988). Spiritual dimensions of health psychology. In W. R. Miller & J. E. Martin (Eds.), Behavior therapy and religion: Integrating spiritual and behavioral approaches to change (pp. 57-110). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
30. Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment. Journal of organizational change management, 16(4), 426-447.
31. Narcikara, E. B. (2018). Spiritüelite (Ruhsallık) ve iş ortamında anlam arayışı. Alanya Akademik Bakış, 2(1), 11-25.
32. Narcikara, E. (2017). Spiritüel liderlik davranışının algılanan performans üzerine etkisi, Yayınlanmış doktora tezi.
33. Narcikara, E.B., Zehir, C. (2016). Effect of Organizational Support in the Relationship between Spiritual Leadership and Performance.
34. Naseer, S., Syed, F., Nauman, S., Fatima, T., Jameel, I., & Riaz, N. (2019). Understanding how leaders’ humility promotes followers’ emotions and ethical behaviors: Workplace spirituality as a mediator. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1-13.
35. Nasurdin, A. M., Nejati, M., & Mei, Y. K. (2013). Workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behaviour: Exploring gender as a moderator. South African Journal of Business Management, 44(1), 61-74.Neck, C. P., & Milliman, J. F. (1994). Thought self-leadership: Finding spiritual fulfilment in organizational life. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 9(6), 9- 16.
36. Noh, G. M., & Yoo, M. S. (2016). Effects of workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior on nursing performance. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 22(3), 251-259.
37. Osman-Gani, A. M., Hashim, J., & Ismail, Y. (2013). Establishing linkages between religiosity and spirituality on employee performance. Employee relations, 35(4), 360-376.
38. Petchsawang, P., & McLean, G. N. (2017). Workplace spirituality, mindfulness meditation, and work engagement. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 14(3), 216-244.
39. Pfeffer, J. (2003). Business and the spirit. In R. A. Giacalone, & C. L. Jurkiewicz (Eds.), Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance ( pp. 29–45). New York: M. E. Sharp.
40. Reave, L. (2005). Spiritual values and practices related to leadership effectiveness. The leadership quarterly, 16(5), 655-687.
41. Tourish, D., & Tourish, N. (2010). Spirituality at work, and its implications for leadership and followership: A post-structuralist perspective. Leadership, 6(2), 207-224. Van der Walt, F. (2018). Workplace spirituality, work engagement and thriving at work. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 44(1), 1-10.
42. Weber, M. (l993), Sosyoloji Yazıları (Çev.Taha Parla) İst:Hürriyet Vakfı Yay.
43. Wilson, C. L. (2008). A relational study of leadership spirituality and organizational performance in home health care agencies (Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX).
44. Wrzesniewski, A., & Dutton, J. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their work. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 179– 201.
45. Xiaorong, J., Hui, Y., & Juan, H. (2018). Research on Effect of Workplace Spirituality on Job Burnout and Job Performance. Future and Development, (5), 17.