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Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi

Year 2020, , 57 - 70, 26.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.35235/uicd.666332

Abstract

Küresel pazar konumlarını güçlendirmek isteyen ülkeler, hub havalimanları kurarak havayolları için noktadan noktaya uçuş sistemine yeni bir alternatif sunmaktadırlar. Artan uluslararası ticaret hacmi, nüfus ve refah seviyesi, uygulanan ölçek ekonomisi sayesinde düşen maliyetler, yolcuların zamanlarını daha bilinçli, etkin, verimli kullanma istekleri ve bunun yanında hub stratejisinin kullanımı sektörün büyümesini sağlarken diğer taraftan kar marjlarının düşmesi ve rekabetin şiddetinin artmasına neden olmaktadır. Sektörde oluşan uluslararası rekabetle baş edebilmek için strateji arayışlarında ön plana çıkan hub havalimanları, sadece ulaşım merkezleri olarak değil, aynı zamanda kentsel gelişim için odak noktaları haline gelmeye başlamıştır. Majör hub Atatürk Havalimanı’nın ticari yolcu trafiğinin, dünyanın 350 noktasına 150 havayolu hedefi ile açılan yeni kapısı İstanbul Havalimanı’na başarılı bir şekilde taşınması bölgede hub ve beraberinde hava kent dönemini başlatmıştır. Yeni bir fenomen olarak hava kentlerin kısa zamanda iş ve yaşam alanlarını şekillendiren bir ekosistem oluşturması beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yüzyılın ikinci yarısında ortaya çıkan, deregülasyon sonrası hız kazanan, hava taşımacılığında merkez ve ona bağlı rotaların büyümesinde hâkim bir iş modeli olarak kullanılan hub sistemini açıklayarak teorik bir çerçeve sunmaktır. Ayrıca araştırmacılara, hub sisteminin süreç içerisinde oluşturacağı hava kent kavramını çalışabilmeleri için bir başlangıç noktası, temel oluşturmaktır.

References

  • Aguirregabiria, V ve Ho, C. (2010). A dynamic game of airline network competition: Hub-and-spoke networks and entry deterrence . International Journal of Industrial Organization 28 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.03.003
  • Al Chalabi, M & Kasarda J.D. (2004). Airports: short- and long-term trend. A. Frej (Ed.), Just-in-Time Real Estate, Urban Land Institute, Washington. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007). Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Campbell, J. F. (1994) ve Hanlon, P. (1999); Aktaran, Ssamula, B., & Venter, C. (2013). Erişim adresi: http://proxy.arel.edu.tr:2061/stable/24396273
  • Campbell, J. F. (1994): Integer programming formulations of discrete hub location problems, European Journal of Operational Research, 72, 387–405. Hanlon, P. (1999): Global Airlines. Competition in a Trans-national Industry (2nd edition), Oxford, UK.
  • Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Cook, G. N. (1996). A Review of History, Structure, and Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.1996.1183
  • Cook, G. N., & Goodwin, J. (2008). Airline Networks: A Comparison of Hub-and-Spoke and Point-to-Point Systems. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research, 17(2). Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2019 https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.2008.1443
  • Delta Havayolları Müzesi web sitesi. Erişim Tarihi: 19.02.2019. http://www.deltamuseum.org/exhibits/delta-history/first-in-the-air
  • Federal Havacılık İdaresi (FAA). Erişim Tarihi: 12.01.2019. https://www.faa.gov/airports/planning_capacity/passenger_allcargo_stats/categories/
  • Greis, N. P., J.D. Kasarda.J.D., (1997). Enterprise logistics in the information era. California Management Review,. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Hansson, Ringbeck ve Franke, (2002); Aktaran: Cook, G. N., & Goodwin, J. (2008). Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research, Vol. 17, No. 2 Erişim tarihi: 19.04.2019 doi: https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.2008.1443.
  • Jaillet, P., Song, G., Yu, G. (1996). Network Design and Hub Location Problems. Elsevier Science Ltd.U.K
  • Kasarda, J. D., & Lindsay, G. (2011). Aerotropolis: The way we'll live next. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Kasarda, J. D. (1996). Airline Airport -Related Industrial Development, Urban, Land, June 54-55. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Kasarda, J. D., Rondinelli D. (1998). Innovative infrastructure for agile manufacturers. Sloan Management Review, Winter (1998), pp. 73-82. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Mschan, S., & Windle, R. (n.d.). The Implications of Hub-And-Spoke Routing for Airline Costs and Competitiveness. Logistics and transportation review, 25(3), 209–230. Erişim Adresi: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edswsc&AN=A1989AZ03700002&lang=tr&site=eds-live
  • McShan, S. ve Windle, R (1989); Aktaran: Cook, G. N., & Goodwin, J. (2008). Airline Networks: A Comparison of Hub-and-Spoke and Point-to-Point Systems. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research.17(2). https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.2008.1443
  • OAG, Uluslararası 2018 yılı Megahub Endeksi. (OAG Megahubs International Index 2018). Erişim Tarihi : 18.03.2019 https://www.oag.com/
  • Sergi Alegre Calero. (2012). Airport Regions Conference. Erişim Tarihi: 09.03.2019. https://airportregions.org/wp-content/uploads/Middle-Eastern-Carriers-ARC.pdf
  • Schnell, M., & Hüschelrath, K. (2004). Existing and new evidence on the effects of airline hubs. International Journal of Transport Economics / Rivista Internazionale Di Economia Dei Trasporti, 31(1), 99-121. doi: 10.1400/16903 Erişim adresi: http://proxy.arel.edu.tr:2061/stable/42747689
  • Uluslararası Sivil Havacılık Organizasyonu (International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO). Manual on the Regulation of International Air tansport (Doc 9626)” (Third Edition -2016) Chapter Airports. Erişim tarihi:03.04.2019 https://www.icao.int/Meetings/a39/Documents/Provisional_Doc_9626.pdf
  • Uluslararası Havalimanları Konseyi (Airport Council International, ACI). 2018 yılı Havalimanı Endüstrisi Hub Bağlantılılık Raporu. (ACI Airport Industry Connectivity Report-Hub Connectivity, 2018) Erişim Tarihi: 24.02.2019 https://www.aci-europe.org/policy/connectivity.html
  • Uluslararası Hava Taşımacılığı Birliği tahminleri. (International Air Transport Association IATA) 20 year passenger forecast. Erişim Tarihi:18.04.2019 https://www.iata.org/publications/store/Pages/20-year-passenger-forecast.aspx
  • Veldhuis, J., ve Kroes, E. (2002). Dynamics in relative network performance of the main European hub Airports. European Transport Conference, Cambridge, UK, 2002

A Solution for Increasing Demands on air Transport: Hub System

Year 2020, , 57 - 70, 26.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.35235/uicd.666332

Abstract

Countries seek to strengthen their global market position by creating hub options and designate hubs for airlines as an alternative to the point-to-point flight system. This strategy leads growth on the aviation industry and decrease in profit margins while increasing the intensity of market competition. To cope with this competition, in addition to their role in being transportation centers, the hub model becomes a focus for urban development as well. This creates a new aviation business model and also a new business ecosystem. In this sense, hub airports, the places where airline headquarters and administrative offices located to execute their flights are the distribution points in the commercial air transport network. They allow airlines use their aircraft more and offer more flight routes and price alternatives for the passengers. One of the most recent projects, a remarkable one for the aviation industry is the “legendary relocation” of mega hub Atatürk Airport to Istanbul Airport. The new hub and spoke- process-transfer airport is expected to serve flights over 350 destinations for 150 airlines. It is located in the center of traffic as being a gate that connects the world. The hub system emerged in the second half of the century, accelerating after deregulation used as a dominant business model in the growth of air transport centers with the connected routes. The purpose of this paper is to provide a theoretical framework for the hub system. The study also aimed to be a starting point and a basis for researchers to study on the concept of aerotropolis, air cities which the hub system will create in the process.

References

  • Aguirregabiria, V ve Ho, C. (2010). A dynamic game of airline network competition: Hub-and-spoke networks and entry deterrence . International Journal of Industrial Organization 28 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.03.003
  • Al Chalabi, M & Kasarda J.D. (2004). Airports: short- and long-term trend. A. Frej (Ed.), Just-in-Time Real Estate, Urban Land Institute, Washington. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007). Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Campbell, J. F. (1994) ve Hanlon, P. (1999); Aktaran, Ssamula, B., & Venter, C. (2013). Erişim adresi: http://proxy.arel.edu.tr:2061/stable/24396273
  • Campbell, J. F. (1994): Integer programming formulations of discrete hub location problems, European Journal of Operational Research, 72, 387–405. Hanlon, P. (1999): Global Airlines. Competition in a Trans-national Industry (2nd edition), Oxford, UK.
  • Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Cook, G. N. (1996). A Review of History, Structure, and Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.1996.1183
  • Cook, G. N., & Goodwin, J. (2008). Airline Networks: A Comparison of Hub-and-Spoke and Point-to-Point Systems. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research, 17(2). Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2019 https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.2008.1443
  • Delta Havayolları Müzesi web sitesi. Erişim Tarihi: 19.02.2019. http://www.deltamuseum.org/exhibits/delta-history/first-in-the-air
  • Federal Havacılık İdaresi (FAA). Erişim Tarihi: 12.01.2019. https://www.faa.gov/airports/planning_capacity/passenger_allcargo_stats/categories/
  • Greis, N. P., J.D. Kasarda.J.D., (1997). Enterprise logistics in the information era. California Management Review,. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Hansson, Ringbeck ve Franke, (2002); Aktaran: Cook, G. N., & Goodwin, J. (2008). Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research, Vol. 17, No. 2 Erişim tarihi: 19.04.2019 doi: https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.2008.1443.
  • Jaillet, P., Song, G., Yu, G. (1996). Network Design and Hub Location Problems. Elsevier Science Ltd.U.K
  • Kasarda, J. D., & Lindsay, G. (2011). Aerotropolis: The way we'll live next. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Kasarda, J. D. (1996). Airline Airport -Related Industrial Development, Urban, Land, June 54-55. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Kasarda, J. D., Rondinelli D. (1998). Innovative infrastructure for agile manufacturers. Sloan Management Review, Winter (1998), pp. 73-82. Aktaran: Charles, M. B., Barnes, P., Ryan, N., Clayton, J. (2007) Airport futures: Towards a critique of the aerotropolis model. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2007.03.017
  • Mschan, S., & Windle, R. (n.d.). The Implications of Hub-And-Spoke Routing for Airline Costs and Competitiveness. Logistics and transportation review, 25(3), 209–230. Erişim Adresi: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edswsc&AN=A1989AZ03700002&lang=tr&site=eds-live
  • McShan, S. ve Windle, R (1989); Aktaran: Cook, G. N., & Goodwin, J. (2008). Airline Networks: A Comparison of Hub-and-Spoke and Point-to-Point Systems. Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research.17(2). https://doi.org/10.15394/jaaer.2008.1443
  • OAG, Uluslararası 2018 yılı Megahub Endeksi. (OAG Megahubs International Index 2018). Erişim Tarihi : 18.03.2019 https://www.oag.com/
  • Sergi Alegre Calero. (2012). Airport Regions Conference. Erişim Tarihi: 09.03.2019. https://airportregions.org/wp-content/uploads/Middle-Eastern-Carriers-ARC.pdf
  • Schnell, M., & Hüschelrath, K. (2004). Existing and new evidence on the effects of airline hubs. International Journal of Transport Economics / Rivista Internazionale Di Economia Dei Trasporti, 31(1), 99-121. doi: 10.1400/16903 Erişim adresi: http://proxy.arel.edu.tr:2061/stable/42747689
  • Uluslararası Sivil Havacılık Organizasyonu (International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO). Manual on the Regulation of International Air tansport (Doc 9626)” (Third Edition -2016) Chapter Airports. Erişim tarihi:03.04.2019 https://www.icao.int/Meetings/a39/Documents/Provisional_Doc_9626.pdf
  • Uluslararası Havalimanları Konseyi (Airport Council International, ACI). 2018 yılı Havalimanı Endüstrisi Hub Bağlantılılık Raporu. (ACI Airport Industry Connectivity Report-Hub Connectivity, 2018) Erişim Tarihi: 24.02.2019 https://www.aci-europe.org/policy/connectivity.html
  • Uluslararası Hava Taşımacılığı Birliği tahminleri. (International Air Transport Association IATA) 20 year passenger forecast. Erişim Tarihi:18.04.2019 https://www.iata.org/publications/store/Pages/20-year-passenger-forecast.aspx
  • Veldhuis, J., ve Kroes, E. (2002). Dynamics in relative network performance of the main European hub Airports. European Transport Conference, Cambridge, UK, 2002
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hülya Öz Aytekin 0000-0001-5853-3780

Publication Date June 26, 2020
Submission Date December 27, 2019
Acceptance Date May 23, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Öz Aytekin, H. (2020). Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi, 3(5), 57-70. https://doi.org/10.35235/uicd.666332
AMA Öz Aytekin H. Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi. June 2020;3(5):57-70. doi:10.35235/uicd.666332
Chicago Öz Aytekin, Hülya. “Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi”. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi 3, no. 5 (June 2020): 57-70. https://doi.org/10.35235/uicd.666332.
EndNote Öz Aytekin H (June 1, 2020) Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi 3 5 57–70.
IEEE H. Öz Aytekin, “Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi”, Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 57–70, 2020, doi: 10.35235/uicd.666332.
ISNAD Öz Aytekin, Hülya. “Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi”. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi 3/5 (June 2020), 57-70. https://doi.org/10.35235/uicd.666332.
JAMA Öz Aytekin H. Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2020;3:57–70.
MLA Öz Aytekin, Hülya. “Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi”. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 5, 2020, pp. 57-70, doi:10.35235/uicd.666332.
Vancouver Öz Aytekin H. Artan Hava Ulaştırma Taleplerine Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Hub Sistemi. Uluslararası İnsan Çalışmaları Dergisi. 2020;3(5):57-70.

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