TÜRKİYE’DE BÖLGELERARASI GELİR DAĞILIMI YAKINSAMASI: MEKANSAL EKONOMETRİK ANALİZ

Year 2019, , 283 - 302, 25.10.2019

Uğur Çapar , Nihal Yayla

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.578014

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Bir
ülkenin farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan fertlerin gelirden ne oranda pay
aldıklarını gösteren bölgesel gelir dağılımı, bölgelerarası gelişmişlik
farklılıklarını da yansıtan önemli ölçütlerden biridir. Bölgelerarası
farklılıkların zaman içinde ortadan kalkması bölgelerin birbirine yakınsadığı
anlamına gelmektedir. Yakınsama gelişmemiş bölgelerin gelişmiş olanları
yakalaması şeklinde ise ülkedeki gelişme sürecine de işaret edecektir. Ancak
yakınsama, gelişmiş bölgelerin gerilemesi sonucu ortaya çıkıyor ise bu durumda
tersi sözkonusudur. Bölgelerin gelişmişlik düzeylerinin komşuluk ilişkileriyle
de açıklanabileceği literatürde sıkça vurgulanan konulardan biridir. Bu nedenle
yakınsama analizlerinde komşuluk etkilerinin de dikkate alınması ayrı bir önem
taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de düzey 2 bölgelerinin gelir dağılımı
yakınsaması 2003-2014, 2003-2015 ve 2003-2016 dönemleri için yatay kesit
veriler kullanılarak analiz edilmektedir. Mekânsal etkilerin de dahil edildiği
analiz kapsamında 2003-2014 döneminde hem beta yakınsamasının hem de mekansal
bağımlılığın varlığı tespit edilmiştir.  2003-2015 ve 2003-2016 dönemlerinde ise beta yakınsaması
gerçekleşmekle birlikte mekansallık etkisine rastlanmamıştır. Araştırma dönemi
itibariyle bulgular, Türkiye’de Düzey 2 bölgelerinin giderek bozulan ulusal
gelir dağılımı düzeyinde birbirine yakınsadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Gelir Dağılımı, Yakınsama, Mekansal Modeller, Gini

CONVERGENCE OF REGIONAL INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN TURKEY: SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

Regional income distribution, which shows the proportion that people
living in different regions of a country takes from income, is one of the
important criteria reflecting the developmental differences between regions.
The disappearance of interregional differences over time means that the regions
are converging. Convergence will point to the development process in the whole
country if the undeveloped regions are catching the advanced ones. However, if
convergence arises as a result of the retroation of the developed regions, the
opposite is the case. One of the issues highlighted in the literature is that
the development levels of the regions can also be explained by neighborhood
relations. Therefore, it is of particular importance that neighborhood effects
are taken into account in convergence analyses. In this study, income
distribution convergence for NUTS 2 regions in Turkey is analyzed for the
period of 2003-2014, 2003-2015 and 2003-2016, by using cross-sectional data.
Within the scope of the analysis, which also included spatial effects, for the
period 2003-2014 both beta convergence and spatial dependence were determined.
For 2003-2015 and 2003-2016 periods while beta convergence were realized but no
spatial effect was observed. As of the research period the findings indicate
that the NUTS 2 regions in Turkey are converging at the deteriorating national
income distribution level.

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