GİRİŞİMCİLİK EĞİLİMLERİ İLE KARİYER FARKINDALIĞI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE ÖZ-YETERLİLİĞİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: AİLE ÖZELLİKLERİNİN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 67 - 85, 29.08.2025
Laura Agolli
,
Mert Horoz
,
Derya Sivuk
Öz
Bu araştırma, girişimcilik eğilimleri ile kariyer farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkide öz-yeterliliğin aracı rolünü ve aile özelliklerinin düzenleyici rolünü incelemiştir. Çalışma, Türkiye'de 287 öğrenciden oluşan bir örneklem üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, girişimcilik eğilimlerinin öğrencilerin kariyer farkındalığını etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, öz-yeterliliğin, girişimcilik eğilimleri ile kariyer farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkide aracı bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, aile özelliklerinin, girişimcilik eğilimleri ile kariyer farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkiyi düzenlediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Kaynakça
-
Abbassi, R. & Sta, N. (2019). The effect of self-esteem, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial tradition of the family on the entrepreneurial intention among students. Journal of Business and Management Research, 12, 235-245.
-
Ahmed, I., Islam, T., & Usman, A. (2020). Predicting entrepreneurial intentions through self-efficacy, family support, and regret: A moderated mediation explanation. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13 (1), 26-38.
-
Ajzen, I. (1998). Models of human social behavior and their application to health psychology. Psychology and Health, 13(4), 735-739.
-
Atilgan, D. & Tukel, Y. (2021). Sports college students and entrepreneurship: an İnvestigation into entrepreneurship tendencies. International Education Studies, 14 (6), 71-81.
-
Atta, M., Akhter, N., Shujja, S. & Shujaat, J. M. (2013). Impact of self-efficacy on negative career thoughts in university graduates. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4 (6), 263-269.
-
Baltaci, A. (2017). A comparison of Syrian migrant students in Turkey and Germany: Entrepreneurial tendencies and career expectations. European Journal of Educational Research, 6(1), 15-27.
-
Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. Self-Efficacy In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Reprinted in H. Friedman [Ed.], Encyclopedia of mental health. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998) New York: Academic Press. 4, 71-81.
-
Bello, B., Mattana, V., & Loi, M. (2017). The power of peers: A new look at the impact of creativity, social context and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 24 (1), 214-233.
-
Choi, Y. H. & Jung, C. S. (2015). Relationship between self-leadership, self-efficacy and empowerment in nursing students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 16 (7), 4604-4613.
-
Culbertson, S. S., Smith, M. R. & Leiva, P. I. (2011). Enhancing entrepreneurship: The role of goal orientation and self-efficacy. Journal of Career Assessment, 19 (2), 115-129.
-
Davey, T., Plewa, C., & Struwig, M. (2011). Entrepreneurship perceptions and career intentions of international students. Education+ Training, 53(5), 335-352.
-
Díaz-García, M. C., & Jiménez-Moreno, J. (2010). Entrepreneurial intention: the role of gender. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 6 (3), 261-283.
Duval-Couetil, N. & Long, Z. (2014). Career impacts of entrepreneurship education: How and when students intend to utilize entrepreneurship in their professional lives. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 26 (1), 63-87.
-
Erbasi, A., Unuvar, S., Unuvar, O., & Uzun, Y., (2012). Determination of factors affecting entrepreneurship tendency of students of vocatıonal high school through methods of data mining. Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences 1 (12), 10-19.
-
Eroglu, S.Y. & Eroglu, E. (2020). Career planning scale of students studied in sports sciences (CPS): Validity and reliability study. International Journal of Progressive Education, 16 (3), 123-131.
-
Eyel, C. S., Kaplan, B. & Unkaya, G. (2020). The Effect of Business Administration Students'indıvidual values on their entrepreneurial tendency in Istanbul1. Economics & Sociology, 13 (4), 187-212.
-
Farrukh, M., Khan, A. A., Khan, M. S., Ramzani, S. R. & Soladoye, B. S. A. (2017). Entrepreneurial intentions: The role of family factors, personality traits and self-efficacy. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 13 (4), 303-317.
-
Fragoso, R., Rocha-Junior, W. & Xavier, A. (2020). Determinant factors of entrepreneurial intention among university students in Brazil and Portugal. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 32 (1), 33-57.
-
Fuller, B., Spears, M. C., & Parker, D. F. (2010). Entrepreneurial tendencies: Evidence from China and India. International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 3 (3), 39-52.
Guzman, J. & Kacperczyk, A. O. (2019). Gender gap in entrepreneurship. Research Policy, 48 (7), 1666-1680.
-
Hutasuhut (2018). The roles of entrepreneurship knowledge, self-efficacy, family, education, and gender on entrepreneurial intention. Dinamika Pendidikan, 13(1), 90-105.
-
Ispir, Elibol & Sönmez (2019). The relationship of personality traits and entrepreneurship tendencies with career adaptability of nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 79, 41-47.
-
Kickul, J., Wilson, F., Marlino, D., & Barbosa, S. D. (2008). Are misalignments of perceptions and self‐efficacy causing gender gaps in entrepreneurial intentions among our nation's teens?. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15 (2), 321-335.
-
Kosine, N. R., Levis, M.V. (2008). Growth and exploration: Career development theory and programs of Study. Career and Technical Education Research, 33 (3), 227-243.
-
Kristiansen, S.,& Indarti, N. (2004). Entrepreneurial intention among Indonesian and Norwegian students. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 12 (01), 55-78.
-
Laguna, M. (2013). Self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and entrepreneurship among the unemployed. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43 (2), 253-262.
Leong, C. K. (2008). Entrepreneurial intention: an empirical study among Open University Malaysia (OUM) students (Doctoral dissertation, Open University Malaysia (OUM)).
-
Lopes, J.M., Gomes, S., Santos, T., Oliveira, M. & Oliveira, J. (2021). Entrepreneurial intention before and during COVID-19. A Case Study on Portuguese University Students. Educ. Sci., 11 (6), 273.
-
Maden, C. (2015). A gendered lens on entrepreneurship: Women entrepreneurship in Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal. 30 (4), 312-331.
-
Maysami, R. C.,& Ziemnowicz, C. (2007). Ethnicity, gender and entrepreneurial tendencies: the Singapore perspective. The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies, 25, 74-98
-
Naktiyok, A., Nur Karabey, C., & Caglar Gulluce, A. (2010). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention: the Turkish case. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 6 (4), 419-435.
-
Nasir, R.,& Lin, L. S. (2013). The relationship between self-concept and career awareness amongst students. Asian Social Science, 9 (1), 193-197.
-
Nguyen, T. (2020). Impact of entrepreneurship environmental support factors to university students’ entrepreneurship self-efficacy. Management Science Letters, 10 (6), 1321-1328.
-
Omar, N. A., Shah, N. U., Hasan, N. A., & Ali, M. H. (2019). The influence of self-efficacy, motivation and independence on students entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS), 4 (2), 1-28.
-
Oyugi, J. L. (2015). The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 11 (2), 31-56.
-
Ozaralli, N. & Rivenburgh, N. K. (2016). Entrepreneurial intention: Antecedents to entrepreneurial behavior in the USA and Turkey. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 6 (1), 1-32.
-
Oztürk, Y. E., Koksal, O., & Kırac, R. (2014). Development of entrepreneurship scale for students of health management department. Development, 11 (2), 582-597.
-
Paul, J., Hermel, P., & Srivatava, A. (2017). Entrepreneurial intentions—theory and evidence from Asia, America, and Europe. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 15 (3), 324-351.
-
Pihie, Z. A. L., & Akmaliah, Z. (2009). Entrepreneurship as a career choice: An analysis of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention of university students. European Journal of Social Sciences, 9 (2), 338-349.
-
Pratiwi, F., Syakurah, R. A., Yuliana, I., & Siburian, R. (2020). Relationships of self-efficacy, outcome expectation, career intention and career exploration in nutrition science student’s career choice. In 2nd Sriwijaya International Conference of Public Health (SICPH 2019), 302-309, Atlantis Press.
Pruett, M., Shinnar, R., Toney, B., Llopis, F., & Fox, J. (2009). Explaining entrepreneurial intentions of university students: a cross‐cultural study. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 15 (6), 571-594.
-
Rachmat, M. (2012). Entrepreneur sebagai pilihan karir mahasiswi Maluku Utara: Peran efikasi diri dan kepribadian. Asian Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1 (03), 186-197.
-
Rachmawan, A., Lizar, A. A., & Mangundjaya, W. L. (2015). The role of parent's influence and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. The Journal of Developing Areas, 49 (3), 417-430.
-
Sandi, A.,& Nurhayati, M. (2020, February). Effect of entrepreneurship education, family environment and self-efficacy on students’ entrepreneurship intention. In 4th International Conference on Management, Economics and Business (ICMEB 2019, 9-12, Atlantis Press.
-
Santoso, S. (2016). Influence of self-efficacy to student entrepreneurial-intention with student background as a moderating variable: case study in Indonesia. Business and Management, 8 (4), 131-144.
-
Saraih, U. N., Aris, A. Z. Z., Mutalib, S. A., Ahmad, T. S. T., Abdullah, S. & Amlus, M. H. (2018). The influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention among engineering students. In MATEC Web of Conferences, 150, 05051, 1-6.
-
Scherer, R. F., Adams, J. S., Carley, S. S., & Wiebe, F. A. (1989). Role model performance effects on development of entrepreneurial career preference. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 13 (3), 53-71.
-
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs, Windsor, UK: NFER-Nelson, 35-37.
-
Sun, J., Chang, W., Nazlan, N. H., Wang, C., & Wang, L. (2022). Chinese Event Students' Career: The Role of Career Awareness and Career Self-efficacy. Event Management, 26 (4), 883-898.
-
Super, D.E.,Jordaan J. P., (1973). Career development theory, British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 1 (1), 3-16.
-
Sesen, H. & Pruett, M. (2014). The impact of education, economy and culture on entrepreneurial motives, barriers and intentions: A comparative study of the United States and Turkey. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23 (2), 231-261.
-
Urban, B. (2012). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: A prospect for higher education? Education as Change 10 (1), 85–103.
-
Wang, C. K., & Wong, P. K. (2004). Entrepreneurial interest of university students in Singapore. Technovation, 24 (2), 163-172.
-
Wijaya, T. (2008). Kajian model empiris perilaku berwirausaha UKM DIY dan Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 10 (2), 93-104.
Yamane, T. (2001). Temel ornekleme yontemleri (1st ed.). (translator: Alptekin Esin, M. Akif Bakir, Celal Aydin and Esen Gurbuzsel). Istanbul: Literatur yayıncılık
-
Yıldırım, N., Cakır, Ö. & Askun, O. B. (2016). Ready to dare? A case study on the entrepreneurial intentions of business and engineering students in Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 277-288.
-
Yildiz, K. (2018). The Effect of Career Decisions on Entrepreneurial Intention Levels of University Students Studying Sport Sciences. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6, 13-18.
-
Yukongdi, V. & Lopa, N. Z. (2017). Entrepreneurial intention: a study of individual, situational and gender differences. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 24 (2), 333-352.
-
Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (6), 1265-1272.
https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/lisans-bolum.php?b=10238 accessed on 16.06.2022 at 10:00).
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL TENDENCIES AND CAREER AWARENESS: MODERATING ROLE OF FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 67 - 85, 29.08.2025
Laura Agolli
,
Mert Horoz
,
Derya Sivuk
Öz
This study investigated the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between entrepreneurial tendencies and career awareness using moderating role of family characteristics. The study was based on a sample of 287 students in Turkey. The study results showed that entrepreneurial tendencies influence the career awareness of students. In addition, self-efficacy has a mediating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial tendencies and career awareness. Finally, it is concluded that family characteristics moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial tendencies and career awareness.
Kaynakça
-
Abbassi, R. & Sta, N. (2019). The effect of self-esteem, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurial tradition of the family on the entrepreneurial intention among students. Journal of Business and Management Research, 12, 235-245.
-
Ahmed, I., Islam, T., & Usman, A. (2020). Predicting entrepreneurial intentions through self-efficacy, family support, and regret: A moderated mediation explanation. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13 (1), 26-38.
-
Ajzen, I. (1998). Models of human social behavior and their application to health psychology. Psychology and Health, 13(4), 735-739.
-
Atilgan, D. & Tukel, Y. (2021). Sports college students and entrepreneurship: an İnvestigation into entrepreneurship tendencies. International Education Studies, 14 (6), 71-81.
-
Atta, M., Akhter, N., Shujja, S. & Shujaat, J. M. (2013). Impact of self-efficacy on negative career thoughts in university graduates. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4 (6), 263-269.
-
Baltaci, A. (2017). A comparison of Syrian migrant students in Turkey and Germany: Entrepreneurial tendencies and career expectations. European Journal of Educational Research, 6(1), 15-27.
-
Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. Self-Efficacy In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Reprinted in H. Friedman [Ed.], Encyclopedia of mental health. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998) New York: Academic Press. 4, 71-81.
-
Bello, B., Mattana, V., & Loi, M. (2017). The power of peers: A new look at the impact of creativity, social context and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 24 (1), 214-233.
-
Choi, Y. H. & Jung, C. S. (2015). Relationship between self-leadership, self-efficacy and empowerment in nursing students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 16 (7), 4604-4613.
-
Culbertson, S. S., Smith, M. R. & Leiva, P. I. (2011). Enhancing entrepreneurship: The role of goal orientation and self-efficacy. Journal of Career Assessment, 19 (2), 115-129.
-
Davey, T., Plewa, C., & Struwig, M. (2011). Entrepreneurship perceptions and career intentions of international students. Education+ Training, 53(5), 335-352.
-
Díaz-García, M. C., & Jiménez-Moreno, J. (2010). Entrepreneurial intention: the role of gender. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 6 (3), 261-283.
Duval-Couetil, N. & Long, Z. (2014). Career impacts of entrepreneurship education: How and when students intend to utilize entrepreneurship in their professional lives. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 26 (1), 63-87.
-
Erbasi, A., Unuvar, S., Unuvar, O., & Uzun, Y., (2012). Determination of factors affecting entrepreneurship tendency of students of vocatıonal high school through methods of data mining. Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences 1 (12), 10-19.
-
Eroglu, S.Y. & Eroglu, E. (2020). Career planning scale of students studied in sports sciences (CPS): Validity and reliability study. International Journal of Progressive Education, 16 (3), 123-131.
-
Eyel, C. S., Kaplan, B. & Unkaya, G. (2020). The Effect of Business Administration Students'indıvidual values on their entrepreneurial tendency in Istanbul1. Economics & Sociology, 13 (4), 187-212.
-
Farrukh, M., Khan, A. A., Khan, M. S., Ramzani, S. R. & Soladoye, B. S. A. (2017). Entrepreneurial intentions: The role of family factors, personality traits and self-efficacy. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 13 (4), 303-317.
-
Fragoso, R., Rocha-Junior, W. & Xavier, A. (2020). Determinant factors of entrepreneurial intention among university students in Brazil and Portugal. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 32 (1), 33-57.
-
Fuller, B., Spears, M. C., & Parker, D. F. (2010). Entrepreneurial tendencies: Evidence from China and India. International Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 3 (3), 39-52.
Guzman, J. & Kacperczyk, A. O. (2019). Gender gap in entrepreneurship. Research Policy, 48 (7), 1666-1680.
-
Hutasuhut (2018). The roles of entrepreneurship knowledge, self-efficacy, family, education, and gender on entrepreneurial intention. Dinamika Pendidikan, 13(1), 90-105.
-
Ispir, Elibol & Sönmez (2019). The relationship of personality traits and entrepreneurship tendencies with career adaptability of nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 79, 41-47.
-
Kickul, J., Wilson, F., Marlino, D., & Barbosa, S. D. (2008). Are misalignments of perceptions and self‐efficacy causing gender gaps in entrepreneurial intentions among our nation's teens?. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15 (2), 321-335.
-
Kosine, N. R., Levis, M.V. (2008). Growth and exploration: Career development theory and programs of Study. Career and Technical Education Research, 33 (3), 227-243.
-
Kristiansen, S.,& Indarti, N. (2004). Entrepreneurial intention among Indonesian and Norwegian students. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 12 (01), 55-78.
-
Laguna, M. (2013). Self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and entrepreneurship among the unemployed. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43 (2), 253-262.
Leong, C. K. (2008). Entrepreneurial intention: an empirical study among Open University Malaysia (OUM) students (Doctoral dissertation, Open University Malaysia (OUM)).
-
Lopes, J.M., Gomes, S., Santos, T., Oliveira, M. & Oliveira, J. (2021). Entrepreneurial intention before and during COVID-19. A Case Study on Portuguese University Students. Educ. Sci., 11 (6), 273.
-
Maden, C. (2015). A gendered lens on entrepreneurship: Women entrepreneurship in Turkey. Gender in Management: An International Journal. 30 (4), 312-331.
-
Maysami, R. C.,& Ziemnowicz, C. (2007). Ethnicity, gender and entrepreneurial tendencies: the Singapore perspective. The Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies, 25, 74-98
-
Naktiyok, A., Nur Karabey, C., & Caglar Gulluce, A. (2010). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention: the Turkish case. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 6 (4), 419-435.
-
Nasir, R.,& Lin, L. S. (2013). The relationship between self-concept and career awareness amongst students. Asian Social Science, 9 (1), 193-197.
-
Nguyen, T. (2020). Impact of entrepreneurship environmental support factors to university students’ entrepreneurship self-efficacy. Management Science Letters, 10 (6), 1321-1328.
-
Omar, N. A., Shah, N. U., Hasan, N. A., & Ali, M. H. (2019). The influence of self-efficacy, motivation and independence on students entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS), 4 (2), 1-28.
-
Oyugi, J. L. (2015). The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation, 11 (2), 31-56.
-
Ozaralli, N. & Rivenburgh, N. K. (2016). Entrepreneurial intention: Antecedents to entrepreneurial behavior in the USA and Turkey. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 6 (1), 1-32.
-
Oztürk, Y. E., Koksal, O., & Kırac, R. (2014). Development of entrepreneurship scale for students of health management department. Development, 11 (2), 582-597.
-
Paul, J., Hermel, P., & Srivatava, A. (2017). Entrepreneurial intentions—theory and evidence from Asia, America, and Europe. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 15 (3), 324-351.
-
Pihie, Z. A. L., & Akmaliah, Z. (2009). Entrepreneurship as a career choice: An analysis of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention of university students. European Journal of Social Sciences, 9 (2), 338-349.
-
Pratiwi, F., Syakurah, R. A., Yuliana, I., & Siburian, R. (2020). Relationships of self-efficacy, outcome expectation, career intention and career exploration in nutrition science student’s career choice. In 2nd Sriwijaya International Conference of Public Health (SICPH 2019), 302-309, Atlantis Press.
Pruett, M., Shinnar, R., Toney, B., Llopis, F., & Fox, J. (2009). Explaining entrepreneurial intentions of university students: a cross‐cultural study. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 15 (6), 571-594.
-
Rachmat, M. (2012). Entrepreneur sebagai pilihan karir mahasiswi Maluku Utara: Peran efikasi diri dan kepribadian. Asian Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1 (03), 186-197.
-
Rachmawan, A., Lizar, A. A., & Mangundjaya, W. L. (2015). The role of parent's influence and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. The Journal of Developing Areas, 49 (3), 417-430.
-
Sandi, A.,& Nurhayati, M. (2020, February). Effect of entrepreneurship education, family environment and self-efficacy on students’ entrepreneurship intention. In 4th International Conference on Management, Economics and Business (ICMEB 2019, 9-12, Atlantis Press.
-
Santoso, S. (2016). Influence of self-efficacy to student entrepreneurial-intention with student background as a moderating variable: case study in Indonesia. Business and Management, 8 (4), 131-144.
-
Saraih, U. N., Aris, A. Z. Z., Mutalib, S. A., Ahmad, T. S. T., Abdullah, S. & Amlus, M. H. (2018). The influence of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention among engineering students. In MATEC Web of Conferences, 150, 05051, 1-6.
-
Scherer, R. F., Adams, J. S., Carley, S. S., & Wiebe, F. A. (1989). Role model performance effects on development of entrepreneurial career preference. Entrepreneurship: Theory & Practice, 13 (3), 53-71.
-
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs, Windsor, UK: NFER-Nelson, 35-37.
-
Sun, J., Chang, W., Nazlan, N. H., Wang, C., & Wang, L. (2022). Chinese Event Students' Career: The Role of Career Awareness and Career Self-efficacy. Event Management, 26 (4), 883-898.
-
Super, D.E.,Jordaan J. P., (1973). Career development theory, British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 1 (1), 3-16.
-
Sesen, H. & Pruett, M. (2014). The impact of education, economy and culture on entrepreneurial motives, barriers and intentions: A comparative study of the United States and Turkey. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23 (2), 231-261.
-
Urban, B. (2012). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: A prospect for higher education? Education as Change 10 (1), 85–103.
-
Wang, C. K., & Wong, P. K. (2004). Entrepreneurial interest of university students in Singapore. Technovation, 24 (2), 163-172.
-
Wijaya, T. (2008). Kajian model empiris perilaku berwirausaha UKM DIY dan Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 10 (2), 93-104.
Yamane, T. (2001). Temel ornekleme yontemleri (1st ed.). (translator: Alptekin Esin, M. Akif Bakir, Celal Aydin and Esen Gurbuzsel). Istanbul: Literatur yayıncılık
-
Yıldırım, N., Cakır, Ö. & Askun, O. B. (2016). Ready to dare? A case study on the entrepreneurial intentions of business and engineering students in Turkey. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229, 277-288.
-
Yildiz, K. (2018). The Effect of Career Decisions on Entrepreneurial Intention Levels of University Students Studying Sport Sciences. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6, 13-18.
-
Yukongdi, V. & Lopa, N. Z. (2017). Entrepreneurial intention: a study of individual, situational and gender differences. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. 24 (2), 333-352.
-
Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90 (6), 1265-1272.
https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/lisans-bolum.php?b=10238 accessed on 16.06.2022 at 10:00).