Cinsiyetçiliği Azaltmaya Yönelik Müdahale Çalışmaları Ve Müdahale İçin Sosyal Bilişsel Kurama Dayalı Yeni Bir Model Önerisi

Abstract

Cinsiyetçilik uluslararası düzeyde görülen ve olumsuz sonuçları kadına şiddete kadar ulaşabilen bir kavramdır. Bu gözden geçirme çalışmasının amacı cinsiyetçiliği azaltmaya yönelik müdahale çalışmalarında kullanılan farklı yöntemleri ve bu çalışmaların sonuçlarını anlamaya yönelik genel bir çerçeve sunmaktır. Literatürde incelenmiş birçok müdahale çalışması bulunmasına rağmen, sosyal bilişsel kuram (SBK, Bandura, 1986) bu zamana dek cinsiyetçiliği azaltmaya yönelik başarılı müdahale çalışmalarındaki süreci anlamlandırabilmek için yeterli oranda kullanılmamıştır. Bu kuramda kişisel faktörler, davranış kalıpları ve çevresel etkiler etkileşim halindedir. SBK, bireylerin bir konuda değişim sağlayabilmek için öz yeterlik hissettikleri oranda motive olduklarını vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda SBK, müdahale çalışmalarının altında yatan mekanizmayı anlamak için kullanılabilir. Bu çerçevede bu inceleme makalesinde öncelikle cinsiyetçilik ve cinsiyetçiliği azaltmaya yönelik müdahale çalışmaları ile ilgili yazın taranıp sunulacaktır. Ardından SBK temel yönleriyle açıklanacak ve SBK ya dayanılarak cinsiyetçiliği azaltmaya yönelik yeni bir müdahale çalışması modeli sunulacaktır. Tartışma kısmından önce de SBK’nin cinsiyetçiliği azaltmaya yönelik müdahale çalışmalarının altında yatan mekanizmayı anlamak için nasıl kullanılacağı anlatılacaktır.

Keywords

• Müdahale Çalışmaları
• Cinsiyetçilik
• Sosyal Bilişsel Kuram

Interventions To Reduce Sexism And A New Model Proposal For Intervention Based On Social Cognitive Theory

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to provide a general integrative framework to understand the different ways used in interventions to reduce sexism and the outcomes of these interventions. There are many interventions in the literature however social cognitive theory (SCT, Bandura, 1986) has not been used sufficiently to understand the process in successful interventions conducted on reducing sexism. The implications are discussed in a way to raise awareness about sexism in the group practices with women. Social cognitive theory emphasizes that, people are motivated by their sense of self-efficacy. In this sense, SCT can be used to make sense of the mechanism underlying the interventions to reduce sexism. Within this frame, first I will review the literature about sexism and interventions to reduce sexism. Second, SCT will be briefly defined. Third, I will present how SCT explains underlying mechanisms of interventions for reducing sexism and propose a new model based on SCT.

Keywords

• Interventions
• Sexism
• Social Cognitive Theory

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