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Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality

Year 2014, , 61 - 68, 27.07.2014
https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201416501

Abstract

In this study, 5% and 15% in weight carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) sheets were formed under appropriate vacuum and temperature conditions by using truncated cone-shaped thermoforming mold. In addition to this, 5% in weight glass fiber reinforced High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) sheets were formed using truncated cone-shaped, cylindrical, and cubic shaped thermoforming molds by thermoforming. Composite sheets used in this work were produced with a laboratory-type plastic extruder which has a screw diameter of 50 mm. In production of HDPE composite sheets, as a reinforcing material, chopped glass fibers (E-glass) which were provided from glass fiber manufacturer SISECAM A.S. Company were used. Using the same procedure PP (Borealis BE50-7032) thermoplastic granules were used as a matrix material in production of carbon fiber composite sheets. In carbon fiber reinforced sheets, chopped fibers were added during manufacturing. After thermoforming, composite semi-products were examined by visual inspection. Visual defects that affect product quality were obtained. Also carbon fiber distribution was investigated on different sections which were taken from the thermoformed semi-products by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Through this experimental study, it is aimed to investigate the effect of defects during plastic extrusion on thermoformed product quality.

References

  • Throne JL. Thermoforming, Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1987.
  • Throne JL. Technology of Thermoforming, Hanser&Gardner Publications, Inc., USA, 1996.
  • Klein PW. Fundamentals of Plastics Thermoforming, Morgan&Claypool Publishers, USA, 2009.
  • Throne, JL. Understanding Thermoforming, Hanser&Gardner Publications, Inc., USA, 2008.
  • Crawford RJ. Plastics Engineering, 3rd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 19 Osswald TA. Polymer Processing Fundamentals, Hanser&Gardner Publications, USA, 1998.
  • Kim G, Lee K, and Kang S. Prediction of the film thickness distribution and pattern change during film insert thermoforming. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2009; 49(11): 2195 – 2203.
  • Song Y, Zhang KF, Wang R, Diao FX, Yan YN, and Zhang RJ, Coupled thermomechanical analysis for plastic thermoforming, Polymer Engineering and Science, 2000; 40(8): 1736 – 1746.
  • Kamal MR, Tan V, and Kalyon D. Measurement and calculation of parison dimensions and bottle thickness distribution during blow molding. Polymer Engineering and Science, 1981; 21(6): 331 – 338.
  • Ayhan Z and Zhang H. Wall thickness distribution in thermoformed food containers produced by a benco aseptic packaging machine. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2000; 40(1): 1 – 10.
  • Lieg KL and Giacomin AJ. Thermoforming triangular troughs. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2009; 49(1): 189 – 199.
  • Lim TC, Ramakrishna S and Shang HM. Analytical modelling for sheet thermoforming of knitted fabric reinforced PMC. Journal of Materials Science, 2002; 37(4): 871 – 877.
  • Rosenzweig N, Narkis M, and Tadmor Z. Wall thickness distribution in thermoforming. Polymer Engineering and Science, 1979; 19(13): 946 – 951.

Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality

Year 2014, , 61 - 68, 27.07.2014
https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201416501

Abstract

In this study, 5% and 15% in weight carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) sheets were formed under appropriate vacuum and temperature conditions by using truncated cone-shaped thermoforming mold. In addition to this, 5% in weight glass fiber reinforced High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) sheets were formed using truncated cone-shaped, cylindrical, and cubic shaped thermoforming molds by thermoforming. Composite sheets used in this work were produced with a laboratory-type plastic extruder which has a screw diameter of 50 mm. In production of HDPE composite sheets, as a reinforcing material, chopped glass fibers (E-glass) which were provided from glass fiber manufacturer SISECAM A.S. Company were used. Using the same procedure PP (Borealis BE50-7032) thermoplastic granules were used as a matrix material in production of carbon fiber composite sheets. In carbon fiber reinforced sheets, chopped fibers were added during manufacturing. After thermoforming, composite semi-products were examined by visual inspection. Visual defects that affect product quality were obtained. Also carbon fiber distribution was investigated on different sections which were taken from the thermoformed semi-products by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Through this experimental study, it is aimed to investigate the effect of defects during plastic extrusion on thermoformed product quality.

References

  • Throne JL. Thermoforming, Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1987.
  • Throne JL. Technology of Thermoforming, Hanser&Gardner Publications, Inc., USA, 1996.
  • Klein PW. Fundamentals of Plastics Thermoforming, Morgan&Claypool Publishers, USA, 2009.
  • Throne, JL. Understanding Thermoforming, Hanser&Gardner Publications, Inc., USA, 2008.
  • Crawford RJ. Plastics Engineering, 3rd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 19 Osswald TA. Polymer Processing Fundamentals, Hanser&Gardner Publications, USA, 1998.
  • Kim G, Lee K, and Kang S. Prediction of the film thickness distribution and pattern change during film insert thermoforming. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2009; 49(11): 2195 – 2203.
  • Song Y, Zhang KF, Wang R, Diao FX, Yan YN, and Zhang RJ, Coupled thermomechanical analysis for plastic thermoforming, Polymer Engineering and Science, 2000; 40(8): 1736 – 1746.
  • Kamal MR, Tan V, and Kalyon D. Measurement and calculation of parison dimensions and bottle thickness distribution during blow molding. Polymer Engineering and Science, 1981; 21(6): 331 – 338.
  • Ayhan Z and Zhang H. Wall thickness distribution in thermoformed food containers produced by a benco aseptic packaging machine. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2000; 40(1): 1 – 10.
  • Lieg KL and Giacomin AJ. Thermoforming triangular troughs. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2009; 49(1): 189 – 199.
  • Lim TC, Ramakrishna S and Shang HM. Analytical modelling for sheet thermoforming of knitted fabric reinforced PMC. Journal of Materials Science, 2002; 37(4): 871 – 877.
  • Rosenzweig N, Narkis M, and Tadmor Z. Wall thickness distribution in thermoforming. Polymer Engineering and Science, 1979; 19(13): 946 – 951.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Olcay Ekşi This is me

Ertuğrul Selçuk Erdoğan - This is me

Publication Date July 27, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014

Cite

APA Ekşi, O., & -, E. S. E. (2014). Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, 3(1), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201416501
AMA Ekşi O, - ESE. Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences. June 2014;3(1):61-68. doi:10.12748/uujms.201416501
Chicago Ekşi, Olcay, and Ertuğrul Selçuk Erdoğan -. “Effects of Manufacturing Defects on Thermoformed Product Quality”. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 2014): 61-68. https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201416501.
EndNote Ekşi O, - ESE (June 1, 2014) Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences 3 1 61–68.
IEEE O. Ekşi and E. S. E. -, “Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality”, Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 61–68, 2014, doi: 10.12748/uujms.201416501.
ISNAD Ekşi, Olcay - -, Ertuğrul Selçuk Erdoğan. “Effects of Manufacturing Defects on Thermoformed Product Quality”. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences 3/1 (June 2014), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.12748/uujms.201416501.
JAMA Ekşi O, - ESE. Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences. 2014;3:61–68.
MLA Ekşi, Olcay and Ertuğrul Selçuk Erdoğan -. “Effects of Manufacturing Defects on Thermoformed Product Quality”. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, vol. 3, no. 1, 2014, pp. 61-68, doi:10.12748/uujms.201416501.
Vancouver Ekşi O, - ESE. Effects of manufacturing defects on thermoformed product quality. Usak University Journal of Material Sciences. 2014;3(1):61-8.