ÇELİK YAPILARDA KULLANILAN DİYAGONAL ÇELİK ÇAPRAZLARIN YAPAY ARI KOLONİ ALGORİTMASI İLE OPTİMİZASYONU

Abstract

Diyagonal çelik çapraz (DÇÇ) sistemler, mevcut yapının deprem performansının iyileştirilmesinde veya yeni yapının depreme dayanıklı olarak tasarlanmasında yaygın olarak kullanılan yöntemlerden birisidir. Bu sistemler yapının yatay yük taşıma kapasitesini arttırır ve yapının yanal rijitliğine katkı sağlamaktır. Çelik diyagonal çaprazların yapı sistemindeki yerleşimi, yapı sistemin performansını etkileyen önemli etkenlerden birisidir. Bu çalışma, çelik çaprazların yerleşimdeki optimum dağılımın belirlenmesi için yapay arı koloni optimizasyon tekniği kullanılarak yeni bir algoritma sunulmuştur. Tepe deplasmanına ve taban kesme kuvvetine bağlı transfer fonksiyonları amaç fonksiyonu olarak seçilmiştir. Buradaki temel amaç, belirlenen kısıtlar altında amaç fonksiyonlarının minimize edilmesidir. Tasarım değişkeni olarak her kata yerleştirilen çelik çaprazların rijitlikleri seçilmiştir. Ayrıca, çelik çaprazların toplam rijitliği, optimizasyon probleminin aktif kısıtlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Hazırlanan optimizasyon algoritmasının performansının test edilmesi amacıyla 20 katlı çelik yapı modeli oluşturulmuş ve El Centro depremi kaydı kullanılarak zaman tanım alanında dinamik analiz yapılmıştır. Yapay arı koloni algoritması kullanılarak elde edilen optimum çelik çapraz yerleşimi, düzgün dağılım ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu bulgular göstermiştir ki, tasarlanan algoritma ile belirlenen optimum diyagonal çelik çapraz dağılımı, her bir amaç fonksiyonu için tatmin edici sonuçlar vermiştir.

Keywords

• Diyagonal çelik çaprazlar,yapay arı koloni algoritması,yapısal optimizasyon,transfer fonksiyonları

Optimizing Diagonal Steel Braces Used in Steel Structures via Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Abstract

Steel diagonal braces (SDB) systems, are one of widely used methods for improving the seismic performance of existing structures or new construction of earthquake-resistant design. These systems contribute to the stiffness of the structure as well as increased lateral load carrying capacity of the structure. Placement on the steel diagonal braces is one of the significant factors affecting the performance of the system. In this study, a new algorithm to find the optimal distribution of SDB using artificial bee colony optimization technique is presented. The objective functions are chosen as the transfer function amplitude of the top displacement and the transfer function amplitude of the base shear force. The main purpose is to minimize the objective function under specific constraints. Stiffness parameters of steel braces located on each floor is chosen as the design variables. Additionally, the sum of the stiffness parameter of the SDB is accepted as an active constraint. In order to test the response the performance of results obtained from ABC, 20 story steel braced building is modeled and analyzed using time history methods under the El-Centro earthquake. Optimum SDB location obtained using artificial bee colony algorithm is compared to uniform distribution of SDB’s. The findings show that, the optimum SDB distribution give satisfactory results for each of the objective functions.

Keywords

• Steel diagonal braces,artificial bee colony algorithm,structural optimization,transfer functions.

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