Research Article

Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks

Volume: 52 October 22, 2026
TR EN

Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks

Abstract

This study aimed to compare total serum IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations between children sampled during periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) attacks and an age-similar control group and to examine acute-phase markers, including serum amyloid A (SAA). The study included 65 children with PFAPA sampled during an attack and 45 age-similar controls who were clinically healthy at the time of sampling and had no known systemic disease. The total IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations and the frequency of values below the age-specific reference range were compared between the groups. C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), fibrinogen, and SAA levels compared between the groups. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from medical records. The median age in the PFAPA group was 56 months, and in the control group, it was 57 months. Total IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations were not different between the groups (p=0.897, p=0.173, and p=0.304, respectively), and values below the age-specific reference range were rarely observed in both groups. In contrast, CRP, ESR, fibrinogen, and SAA levels were higher in the PFAPA group. The median SAA level was 300.0 mg/L (n=51) in the PFAPA group and 21.8 mg/L (n=28) in the control group (p=0.011). The findings indicate that, despite a marked acute-phase response during PFAPA attacks, total immunoglobulin deficiency is uncommon.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

The authors declare that this study received no financial support.

Ethical Statement

Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee (TBEK 2026/01-15). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable institutional requirements.

Thanks

The authors used Grammarly (Grammarly, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA) for English-language editing and grammar checking. All suggested changes were reviewed and approved by the authors.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Clinical Sciences (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

October 22, 2026

Submission Date

August 24, 2026

Acceptance Date

October 1, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 52

APA
Akacı, O., Töreyen, K., Baba, Ö., Bostancı, M., Güler Kazanci, E., & Köse, H. (2026). Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks. Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty, 52. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.2024796
AMA
1.Akacı O, Töreyen K, Baba Ö, Bostancı M, Güler Kazanci E, Köse H. Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks. J Uludag Univ Med Fac. 2026;52. doi:10.32708/uutfd.2024796
Chicago
Akacı, Okan, Kübranur Töreyen, Özge Baba, Muharrem Bostancı, Elif Güler Kazanci, and Hülya Köse. 2026. “Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks”. Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty 52 (October). https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.2024796.
EndNote
Akacı O, Töreyen K, Baba Ö, Bostancı M, Güler Kazanci E, Köse H (October 1, 2026) Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks. Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty 52
IEEE
[1]O. Akacı, K. Töreyen, Ö. Baba, M. Bostancı, E. Güler Kazanci, and H. Köse, “Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks”, J Uludag Univ Med Fac, vol. 52, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.32708/uutfd.2024796.
ISNAD
Akacı, Okan - Töreyen, Kübranur - Baba, Özge - Bostancı, Muharrem - Güler Kazanci, Elif - Köse, Hülya. “Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks”. Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty 52 (October 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.2024796.
JAMA
1.Akacı O, Töreyen K, Baba Ö, Bostancı M, Güler Kazanci E, Köse H. Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks. J Uludag Univ Med Fac. 2026;52. doi:10.32708/uutfd.2024796.
MLA
Akacı, Okan, et al. “Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks”. Journal of Uludağ University Medical Faculty, vol. 52, Oct. 2026, doi:10.32708/uutfd.2024796.
Vancouver
1.Okan Akacı, Kübranur Töreyen, Özge Baba, Muharrem Bostancı, Elif Güler Kazanci, Hülya Köse. Evaluation of Serum Immunoglobulin Concentrations During PFAPA Attacks. J Uludag Univ Med Fac. 2026 Oct. 1;52. doi:10.32708/uutfd.2024796

ISSN: 1300-414X, e-ISSN: 2645-9027

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