Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S

Ömer Aslan; Cihan Işik

doi:10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322

TR EN

NanoPi R5S Tabanlı Açık Kaynak Kodlu Bir Güvenlik Duvarı Sisteminin Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Son yıllarda siber tehditlerin artan yaygınlığı hem bireysel hem de kurumsal kullanıcıları daha sağlam ve esnek güvenlik çözümleri aramaya yöneltmiştir. Esneklik ve maliyet etkinliğini bir arada sunan açık kaynak kodlu yazılımlar, ticari güvenlik duvarı sistemlerine uygulanabilir bir alternatif oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Mini PC tabanlı çözümler, kompakt form faktörleri ve yeterli işlem güçleri sayesinde küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler ile ev kullanıcıları arasında önemli bir ivme kazanmıştır. Bu makale, NanoPi R5S platformu üzerine inşa edilmiş açık kaynak kodlu bir güvenlik duvarı sisteminin tasarımını ve uygulamasını göstermektedir. Sistem, güvenli internet erişimi sağlamak, kötü amaçlı içerikleri filtrelemek ve ağ trafiği analizi gerçekleştirmek için bir dizi açık kaynak araç kullanılarak yapılandırılmıştır. NanoPi R5S donanımının bir ağ güvenliği bağlamındaki verimliliğini analiz etmek amacıyla sistemin performansı, çeşitli operasyonel senaryolar altında titizlikle değerlendirilmiştir. NanoPi R5S mimarisi, yalnızca %7–12 oranında minimum düzeyde CPU kullanımıyla güçlü güvenlik operasyonlarını sergilemiştir. X86 alternatifleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, enerji verimliliğinde %60–70 oranında iyileşme ve %50 daha düşük DNS gecikmesi sağlamıştır. Bu bulgular, düşük güçlü donanım üzerinde konteynerize edilmiş güvenliğin, geleneksel cihazların getirdiği yük veya termal ayak izi olmadan yüksek performans sunduğunu kanıtlamıştır. Son olarak çalışma, bu çözümün bireysel kullanıcılar, küçük işletmeler ve eğitim kurumları için potansiyel faydalarını incelemekte ve ağ güvenliği araştırmacıları ile sistem yöneticileri için pratik öneriler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, yüksek etik standartlara ve akademik dürüstlük ilkelerine bağlı kalınarak hazırlanmıştır. Yazarlar, bu makalede sunulan çalışmanın orijinal olduğunu, daha önce başka bir yerde yayınlanmadığını veya yayın için değerlendirilmediğini beyan eder. Kullanılan tüm kaynaklara eksiksiz ve doğru bir şekilde atıf yapılmıştır. Çalışma, insan veya hayvan denekleri üzerinde herhangi bir deneysel uygulama içermediğinden etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir. Yazarlar arasında herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bulunmamaktadır. Makalenin tüm yazarları, çalışmaya önemli katkı sağlamış ve son halini onaylamıştır.

Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S

Abstract

In recent years, the increasing prevalence of cyber threats has driven both individual and institutional users to seek more robust and flexible security solutions. Offering a compelling combination of flexibility and cost-effectiveness, open-source software presents a viable alternative to commercial firewall systems. Within this landscape, solutions based on Mini PCs have gained significant traction among small and medium-sized enterprises and home users, owing to their compact form factor and adequate processing power. This paper details the design and implementation of an open-source firewall system built on the NanoPi R5S platform. The system was configured using a suite of open-source tools to deliver secure internet access, filter malicious content, and perform network traffic analysis. Its performance was rigorously evaluated under various operational scenarios to analyze the efficiency of the NanoPi R5S hardware in a network security context. The NanoPi R5S architecture sustained robust security operations with minimal 7–12% CPU utilization. Compared to x86 alternatives, it achieved a 60–70% improvement in energy efficiency and 50% lower DNS latency. These findings proved that containerized security on low-power hardware offers high performance without the overhead or thermal footprint of traditional appliances. Finally, the study explores the potential benefits of this solution for individual users, small businesses, and educational institutions, concluding with practical recommendations for network security researchers and system administrators.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

This study has been prepared in adherence to high ethical standards and the principles of academic integrity. The authors declare that the work presented in this article is original, has not been published elsewhere previously, and is not currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. All sources used have been cited completely and accurately. As the study does not involve any experimental applications on human or animal subjects, it does not require ethics committee approval. There are no conflicts of interest among the authors. All authors have made significant contributions to the study and have approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Information Systems Development Methodologies and Practice

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ömer Aslan ^*
0000-0003-0737-1966
Türkiye

Cihan Işik This is me
0000-0000-0000-0000
Türkiye

Publication Date

July 7, 2026

Submission Date

March 18, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 21, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 10

DOI

https://doi.org/10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA23PY28DW

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Aslan, Ö., & Işik, C. (2026). Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S. International Journal of Management Information Systems and Computer Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322

AMA

1.Aslan Ö, Işik C. Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S. UYBISBBD. 2026;(10). doi:10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322

Chicago

Aslan, Ömer, and Cihan Işik. 2026. “Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S”. International Journal of Management Information Systems and Computer Science, nos. 10. https://doi.org/10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322.

EndNote

Aslan Ö, Işik C (July 1, 2026) Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S. International Journal of Management Information Systems and Computer Science 10

IEEE

[1]Ö. Aslan and C. Işik, “Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S”, UYBISBBD, no. 10, July 2026, doi: 10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322.

ISNAD

Aslan, Ömer - Işik, Cihan. “Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S”. International Journal of Management Information Systems and Computer Science. 10 (July 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322.

JAMA

1.Aslan Ö, Işik C. Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S. UYBISBBD. 2026. doi:10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322.

MLA

Aslan, Ömer, and Cihan Işik. “Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S”. International Journal of Management Information Systems and Computer Science, no. 10, July 2026, doi:10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322.

Vancouver

1.Ömer Aslan, Cihan Işik. Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S. UYBISBBD. 2026 Jul. 1;(10). doi:10.33461/uybisbbd.1912322

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chief editor; does not allow any conflict of interest between authors, editors and referees. It has full authority to appoint a referee and is responsible for making the final decision on the articles to be published in the Journal.

Referees should not have conflicts of interest with the research, with the authors and/or with the financial supporters of the research. They should reach an impartial judgment as a result of their assessment. They should ensure that all information regarding the submitted manuscripts is kept confidential and should report any copyright infringement and plagiarism on the part of the author to the editor. If the referee does not feel qualified about the subject of the article or if it does not seem possible to provide a timely response, he should notify the editor of this situation and ask him not to involve himself in the referee process.

During the evaluation process, the editor clearly states that the articles submitted for review to the referees are the exclusive property of the authors and this is a privileged communication. Reviewers and editorial board members cannot discuss articles with other people. Care should be taken to keep the identities of the referees confidential. In some cases, with the decision of the editor, the comments of the relevant referees regarding the article can be sent to other referees who have commented on the same article, and the referees can be enlightened in this process.

Publication Policy

The journal adheres to the highest standards in publication ethics and adopts ethical publishing principles published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME); For the principles expressed under the heading Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing: https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing
Submitted articles must be in accordance with the purpose and scope of the journal. Manuscripts that are original, unpublished and not in the process of evaluation in another journal, whose content and submission have been approved by each author, are accepted for evaluation.

After the article is sent to the Journal for publication, the name of any of the authors cannot be deleted from the list of authors without the written consent of all authors, a new name cannot be added as an author, and the order of authors cannot be changed.

Plagiarism, duplication, false authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, article slicing, slicing, copyright infringement and concealment of conflict of interest are considered unethical behaviors. All articles that do not comply with accepted ethical standards are removed from the publication. This includes articles with possible irregularities and inconsistencies detected after publication.

Plagiarism
Preflighted articles are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism is detected, the authors are informed. If necessary, the editors may subject the article to plagiarism control at various stages of the evaluation or production process. High similarity rates can cause an article to be rejected before or even after it is accepted. Depending on the type of article, this is expected to be less than 20%.

Double Blind Refereeing

After plagiarism control, eligible articles are evaluated by the editor-in-chief for originality, methodology, importance of the topic covered, and compatibility with the journal scope. The editor ensures that the articles go through a fair double-blind review and, if the article complies with the formal principles, it submits the incoming article to at least two referees from the country and / or abroad, and if the referees deem it necessary, the editors approve the publication after the requested changes are made by the authors.

Founder / Owner

Adem KORKMAZ

Machine Vision , Machine Learning Algorithms, Natural Language Processing, Social Media Applications and Analysis

Editor in Chief

Adem KORKMAZ

Machine Vision , Machine Learning Algorithms, Natural Language Processing, Social Media Applications and Analysis

Editors

Emre AKADAL

Information and Computing Sciences, Query Processing and Optimisation, Database Systems, Programming Languages

Ayşe ÇIÇEK KORKMAZ

Intelligent Robotics, Artificial Reality, Multicultural, Intercultural and Cross-Cultural Studies, Migration, Nursing Management, Organisational Behaviour

Tarık TALAN

Information and Computing Sciences

Selahattin KOŞUNALP

Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Communications Engineering, Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies (Incl. Microwave and Millimetrewave)

Selma BULUT

Management Information Systems, Cloud Computing, Human-Computer Interaction, Deep Learning, Semi- and Unsupervised Learning, Machine Learning Algorithms, Information Security and Cryptology

Section Editors

Halit IRMAK

Information Security and Cryptology, Data Management and Data Science, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Artificial Intelligence, Statistical Analysis

Hakan KEKÜL

Software and Application Security, Empirical Software Engineering, Software Quality, Processes and Metrics, Software Architecture, Software Testing, Verification and Validation

CA

Cemal AKTÜRK

Information and Computing Sciences, Information Systems Organisation and Management, Decision Support and Group Support Systems, Management Information Systems, Machine Vision , Artificial Intelligence (Other)

Mehmet Tevfik AĞDAŞ

Information Systems Education, Deep Learning, Artificial Intelligence

Ufuk ÇELIK

Information Systems Organisation and Management, Business Process Management, Decision Support and Group Support Systems, Management Information Systems, Algorithms and Calculation Theory, Human-Computer Interaction, Data Management and Data Science, Big Data, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Software, Programming Languages, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Social Media Applications and Analysis, E-Trade, Business Analytics, Business Information Management, Technology Management

Kaan ARIK

Information and Computing Sciences, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery

Selma BULUT

Management Information Systems, Cloud Computing, Human-Computer Interaction, Deep Learning, Semi- and Unsupervised Learning, Machine Learning Algorithms, Information Security and Cryptology

Selahattin KOŞUNALP

Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Communications Engineering, Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies (Incl. Microwave and Millimetrewave)

Durmuş KOÇ

Management Information Systems, Image Processing, Human-Computer Interaction, Deep Learning, Machine Learning (Other), Artificial Intelligence (Other)

Editorial Board

Orhan ER

Algorithms and Calculation Theory, Machine Learning Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Software

YL

Yacine LAFIFI

Information Systems Education, Instructional Technologies

Luís Miguel OLIVEIRA DE BARROS CARDOSO

Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics

AC

Aysun COŞKUN

Engineering

Ezgi DEMIR

Information Systems Education, Decision Support and Group Support Systems, Management Information Systems, Information Systems (Other), Image Processing, Pattern Recognition, Operating Systems, Digitalization, Augmented Reality, Data Structures and Algorithms, Deep Learning, Adversarial Machine Learning, Supervised Learning, Machine Learning Algorithms, Extreme Learning Machines, Classification Algorithms, Machine Learning (Other), Data Security and Protection, Software and Application Security, Big Data, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Data Engineering and Data Science, Data Management and Data Science (Other), Intelligent Robotics, Fuzzy Computation, Natural Language Processing, Modelling and Simulation, Planning and Decision Making, Artificial Intelligence (Other), Multiple Criteria Decision Making

CK

Cihan KALELI

Information and Computing Sciences, Information Security Management, Artificial Intelligence (Other)

Fatma Önay KOÇOĞLU

Decision Support and Group Support Systems, Machine Learning, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, Artificial Intelligence, Planning and Decision Making, Industrial Engineering, Optimization in Manufacturing

Sevinç GÜLSEÇEN

Information Systems Development Methodologies and Practice, Information Systems Organisation and Management, Management Information Systems, Business Information Systems, Business Information Management

Ahmet Çağdaş SEÇKIN

Human-Computer Interaction, Deep Learning, Machine Learning Algorithms, Intelligent Robotics, Electronics, Sensors and Digital Hardware (Other)

TB

Turgay Tugay BILGIN

Cloud Computing, Cyberphysical Systems and Internet of Things, Edge Computing, High Performance Computing, Big Data

Tarık TALAN

Information and Computing Sciences

Selahattin KOŞUNALP

Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Communications Engineering, Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies (Incl. Microwave and Millimetrewave)

ÖA

Ömer ASLAN

Information and Computing Sciences, Computer Forensics, Information Security and Cryptology

HA

Halil ARSLAN

Information Security Management, Business Process Management, Information Security and Cryptology, System and Network Security, Software and Application Security, Computer Software, Software Engineering (Other)

GM

Grigor MIHAYLOV

Data Communications

English Language Editors

Selahattin KOŞUNALP

Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Communications Engineering, Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies (Incl. Microwave and Millimetrewave)

Turkish Language Editors

EA

Emrah AKÇAY

Modern Turkish Literature in Turkiye Field, New Turkish Language (Turkish of Old Anatolia, Ottoman, Turkiye), Turkish Education

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	Index Copernicus
	Journal Factor
	Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE)
	Eurasian Scientific Journal Index
	ResearchBib
	COSMOS IF
	Scientific Indexing Services (SIS)
	SOBIAD
	Rootindexing
	ERIHPLUS

Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S

NanoPi R5S Tabanlı Açık Kaynak Kodlu Bir Güvenlik Duvarı Sisteminin Geliştirilmesi

Abstract

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Development of an Open-Source Firewall System Based on NanoPi R5S

Abstract

Keywords

Ethical Statement

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Editors

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