Molecular Investigation of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Bovine Herpes Virus-1 and Bovine Herpes Virus-4 Infections in Abortion Cases of Cattle in Van District, Turkey

Year 2022, Volume: 33 Issue: 3, 106 - 111, 29.11.2022

Hatice Yıldız Ali Riza Babaoglu

https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1165216

Abstract

Abortions, fetal mummification, calf anomalies, and infertility problems constitute most of the reproductive problems in cattle. Viruses play a significant role in the cause of these cases. In cattle, these agents are known as primary abortion agents and the most common of these agents are Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BoHV-1), and Bovine Herpes Virus Type 4 (BoHV-4). The objective of this research is to determine the potential role of BVDV, BoHV-1, and BoHV-4 as viral abortion agents in cattle housed in the Van district. For this, a total of 115 animal specimens (blood, serum, vaginal swab, vaginal fluid discharge, nasal swab, and abortion material) from 100 abortion, early embryonic deaths, and infertility cases in cattle over the age of 2-5 years old were collected. All samples for detection of BVDV, BoHV-1 and BoHV-4 genomes were tested by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique using specific primers encoding Panpesti 5'-UTR, Glycoprotein C (gC) and Glycoprotein B (gB) genes, respectively. Result out of the samples tested, 41.73% were positive for BVDV and all samples were negative for BoHV-1 and BoHV-4. In conclusion, the presence of BVDV in cattle in the Van region and its role in the occurrence of abortion cases was emphasized for the first time. It is necessary to the consideration of viral abortions and determine the etiology of abortion cases and genital system problems. According to this, we need to focus on the detection of persistently infected (PI) animals for prevention and control of infection and the most effective way of vaccinating susceptible populations.

Keywords

Abortion, BoHV-1, BoHV-4, BVDV, Cattle, Van

Supporting Institution

This work financially was supported by the scientific research projects coordination unit of Van Yuzuncu Yil University.

Project Number

Project ID: TYL-2020-8926

Thanks

This study was produced from the first author's master thesis titled “The Investigation of BVDV, BoHV-1 and BoHV-4 Infections abortion cases in cattle in Van District” and

Van Yöresi Sığırlarında Bovine Viral Diyare Virus, Bovine Herpes Virus-1 ve Bovine Herpes Virus-4 Nedenli Abort Olgularının Moleküler Olarak Araştırılması

Abstract

Sığırlarda görülen reprodüktif problemlerin başında abortlar, fötal mumifikasyon, anomali yavru doğumları ve döl tutmama sorunları gelmektedir. Bu olguların sebeplerinin arasında viruslar önemli bir paya sahiptir. Viral enfeksiyonların en yaygın olanları ve sığırlarda primer abort etkenleri olarak bilinen; Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Bovine Herpes Virus Tip 1 (BoHV-1) ve Bovine Herpes Virus Tip 4 (BoHV-4) viruslarıdır. Van yöresinde yetiştirilen sığırlarda BVDV, BoHV-1 ve BoHV-4 enfeksiyonlarının viral abort etkenleri olarak olası rolünün ortaya çıkması bu araştırmanın öncelikli hedefi olarak belirlenmektedir. Bu amaçla, abort, erken embriyonik ölümler, anomalili yavru doğumları ve fertilite problemi olan 2-5 yaşları arasında 100 adet sığırdan toplam 115 adet örnek (Tam kan, kan serumu, vaginal swab, vaginal sıvı akıntısı, nazal swab ve abort materyali) alındı. Bu örnekler BVDV, BoHV-1 ve BoHV-4 nükleik asit varlığı yönünden sırasıyla Panpesti 5’-UTR, Glikoprotein C (gC) ve Glikoprotein B (gB) genini kodlayan spesifik primerler kullanılarak Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PCR) tekniği ile test edildi. Söz konusu örneklerin %’41.73’ü BVDV nükleik asiti varlığı yönünden pozitif olarak değerlendirildi, BoHV-1 ve BoHV-4 nükleik asiti yönünden pozitif örneğe rastlanmadı. Sonuç olarak, Van yöresindeki sığırlarda BVDV enfeksiyonunun varlığı ve abort olguların oluşumundaki rolü ilk kez ortaya konulmuş; abortların ve genital kanal problemlerin etiyolojisinin belirlenmesine ve viral abortlara dikkat çekerek, enfeksiyonunun korunma-kontrol programında uygulanan en etkili yolun persiste enfekte (PI) hayvanların tespiti ve duyarlı popülasyonun aşılanması üzerinde durulması vurgulanmıştır.

Keywords

Abort, BoHV-1, BoHV-4, BVDV, Sığır, Van

Project Number

Project ID: TYL-2020-8926

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