TÜRKİYE'DE BÖLGESEL İNOVASYON EKOSİSTEMİ: ÜÇLÜ-SARMAL MODELİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Year 2020, Issue: 1, 55 - 81, 13.01.2020

Abdullah Erkul , Mustafa Cem Kırankabeş

Abstract

İnovasyon olgusu farklı iktisadi aktörlerin ekonomideki rolleriyle
paralel bir şekilde ele alına gelmiştir. Türkiye'de ise kamu kesimi, devlet
üniversiteleri ve uygulanan inovasyon politikaları aracılığıyla inovasyon
sürecinin önemli bir parçası sayılmaktadır. Birçok noktada ulusal düzeyde
anlamlı ve etkin olduğu literatürdeki çalışmalarca gösterilen
kamu-üniversite-özel sektör işbirliği, bölgesel düzeyde istenilen sonuçları
verememektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'deki bölgesel inovasyon ekosistemlerinin
verimliliği, kamu-üniversite-özel sektör üçlü-sarmal modeli yaklaşımıyla 81 il ve
2011-2015 dönemi baz alınarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan dayanıklı (robust)
regresyon tahmini sonucunda üniversitelerin katkısının ve kamusal teşviklerin
bölgesel düzeyde farklılaştığı, özel sektör niteliklerinin ve ekonomik
gelişmişliğin en belirleyici faktörler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde
edilen bulgulara dayanarak bölgesel inovasyon ekosisteminin geliştirilmesi için
özellikle ekonomik gelişmişliğin düşük olduğu illerde özel sektör niteliklerine
ve arayüz ortaklıklarına yönelik politika önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. 

Keywords

İnovasyon Politikası, Yenilik Sistemleri, Üçlü-Sarmal Modeli, Türkiye

REGIONAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEM IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION FROM TRIPLE-HELIX MODEL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The phenomenon of
innovation has been addressed in parallel with economic actors' roles in
economy. In Turkey, the state is considered as a key part of innovation process
through public universities and innovation policies. Although studies in
literature show the efficiency of government-industry-university collaboration
at national level from many points, sub-national/regional level analyses
indicate undesirable results. In this study, the
efficiency of regional innovation ecosystems is analyzsed within the framework
of Triple-Helix Model for 81 province and 2011-2015 period for Turkey.
According to the results, the contribution of universities and public supports
differ at regional level. Private sector characteristics and the level of
economic development are the most decisive factors at regional innovation.
Based on empirical findings, we proposed several policies for enhancement of
regional innovation ecosystems.

Keywords

Innovation Policy, Innovation Systems, Triple-Helix Model, Turkey.

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