CLEANER PRODUCTION PRACTICES: A RESEARCH ON COMPANIES APPLYING ISO 14001 EMS IN ANTALYA ORGANIZED INDUSTRIAL ZONEIN ANTALYA ORGANIZED INDUSTRIAL ZONE

Year 2020, Issue: 2, 7 - 44, 18.03.2020

Gül Ekşi , Mine Ömürgönülşen

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that are effective in adapting ISO 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS) in firms in Antalya Organized Industrial Zone (AOSB) and the expected achievements to be introduced with the system and to examine whether they vary according to the company characteristics. Data collected by questionnaire method were analyzed separately for each subscale through independent samples T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Mann Whitney U Test and Kruskal Wallis Test. The study revealed the financial factors that are effective on adapting ISO 14001 EMS depend on exportation while the environmental factors depend on the number of employees and competition factors in the sector. An analysis upon the implementation of ISO 14001 EMS put forward that improvements in the processes related to environmental management activities vary by the number of employees and improvements in the overall performance of the company by the sales revenues. The most common challenges faced by firms in implementing environmental activities are identified as the lack of environmental awareness of the society, firms and employees, and the fact that environmental problems cause significant costs for firms. In addition, face-to-face interviews with companies showed that, the main concern of all units, from senior management to the lowest levels, is to avoid anything that may incur additional costs by achieving the targeted amount of production and exports. In particular, it is seen that the some firms do not intend to obtain ISO 14001 EMS due to the additional costs of the certification process, but still carry out environmental activities through their own efforts.

Keywords

Cleaner Production, Environmental Management System, ISO 14001, Antalya Organized Industrial Zone

TEMİZ ÜRETİM UYGULAMALARI: ANTALYA ORGANİZE SANAYİ BÖLGESİ’NDE ISO 14001 ÇYS UYGULAYAN FİRMALAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Antalya Organize Sanayi Bölgesi’ndeki (AOSB) işletmelerde ISO 14001 Çevre Yönetim Sistemi’nin (ÇYS) benimsenmesinde etken olan faktörleri ve uygulama sonucu elde edilmesi beklenen iyileşmeleri ele almak ve bunların firma özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini incelemektir. Anket yoluyla toplanan veriler, bağımsız örneklemler T-Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (Analysis of Variance-ANOVA), Mann Whitney U Testi ve Kruskal Wallis Testi gibi istatistiksel yöntemlerle her alt ölçek için ayrı ayrı analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, ISO 14001 ÇYS’ye geçişte etken olan finansal faktörlerin ihracat yapma durumuna göre, çevre ile ilgili faktörlerin çalışan sayısına göre, rekabetle ilgili faktörlerin ise sektöre göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. ISO 14001 ÇYS’nin uygulanması incelendiğinde ise, çevre yönetim faaliyetleriyle ilgili süreçlerde elde edilen iyileşmelerin çalışan sayısına göre, firma genel performansına yönelik iyileşmelerin satış hasılatlarına göre farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. İşletmelerin çevreye duyarlı faaliyetleri uygularken en sık karşılaştığı güçlükler; toplumun, firmaların ve çalışanların çevresel bilinç eksikliği, çevre sorunlarının firmalar için önemli maliyetlere neden olması olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca firmalarla yapılan yüz yüze görüşmeler sonucunda, işletmelerde üst yönetimden en alt kademelerine kadar tüm birimlerin temel kaygısının hedeflenen miktarda üretim ve ihracata ulaşarak; ek maliyet çıkaran her şeyden uzak durmak olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle, ISO 14001 ÇYS almayı düşünmeyen işletmelerin, sertifika edinim sürecinin getirdiği ek maliyetler sebebiyle sertifika edinmekten kaçındığı ancak kendi çabalarıyla çevreci faaliyetler gösterdikleri görülmüştür.

Keywords

, Temiz Üretim, Çevre Yönetim Sistemi, ISO 14001, Antalya Organize Sanayi Bölgesi

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