Evaluation of Yield, Quality, and Micronutrient Traits of Colored Wheat Genotypes
Öz
This study was conducted to determine the biofortification potential of purple pericarp and blue aleurone wheat genotypes in terms of yield, technological quality, and micronutrient content under irrigated Central Anatolian conditions. Ten colored wheat genotypes along with two commercial varieties (Altındane and Esperia) were tested at two locations (Konya Central and Gözlü) using a randomized complete block design with four replications. In addition to yield performance, technological quality traits (thousand kernel weight, test weight, protein content, Zeleny sedimentation, kernel hardness, starch, total phenolic content, dietary fiber, and alveograph energy) were analyzed. Micronutrient contents (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg) were determined by ICP-MS in selected genotypes (Selçuklu Mavisi, Çatalhöyük Kırmızısı, Altındane, Esperia).
Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic and locational effects on grain yield (P<0.01). The highest average yields were recorded for Esperia (672.3 kg/da), Altındane (620.2 kg/da), and Selçuklu Mavisi (580.0 kg/da). Selçuklu Mavisi stood out with high alveograph energy (249.7 J) and Zeleny sedimentation (41.0 mL). Correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship between protein and starch (r=-0.82) and a positive relationship between protein and total phenolic content (r=0.68). PCA analysis indicated that Esperia and Selçuklu Mavisi shared a similar technological quality profile.
Micronutrient analyses revealed that Selçuklu Mavisi had a zinc content of 46.6 ppm, approximately twice that of commercial varieties. This value exceeds that of Akbar-19 (38.4 ppm), a biofortified variety widely cultivated in Pakistan. In conclusion, the Selçuklu Mavisi genotype combines high yield, superior technological quality, and remarkable micronutrient content, offering significant potential as a genetic resource in colored wheat breeding.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Colored wheat, Biofortification, Zinc, Selçuklu Mavisi, Technological quality
Destekleyen Kurum
General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)
Proje Numarası
TAGEM/TBAD/Ü/22/A7/P1/5920
Etik Beyan
Since plant material (wheat genotypes) was used in this study, there is no research requiring ethics committee approval. The colored wheat genotypes used in this study were developed within the scope of the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) and do not contain any genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Throughout the research process, scientific ethical principles and national/international legal regulations were fully complied with. There is no conflict of interest among the authors.
Kaynakça
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