Yoğun Bakımda Yapay Zekanın Etik Sonuçları: Klinik Karar Verme ve Hemşirelik Uygulamaları Üzerine Bir Literatür İncelemesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, yapay zeka destekli klinik karar verme süreçlerinin yoğun bakım ünitelerindeki (YBÜ) hemşirelik uygulamalarına etkilerini ve bu süreçlerin etik boyutlarını incelemektedir. Yapay zekanın sağlık sektöründeki hızlı ilerlemesi, hasta izleme, veri analizi ve klinik karar destek sistemleri gibi alanlarda önemli yenilikler getirmiştir. Destek verenler, yapay zekanın hasta sonuçlarını iyileştirebileceğini ve operasyonel verimliliği artırabileceğini savunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, yapay zekanın hemşirelik uygulamalarına entegrasyonu, empati eksikliği ve hasta-hemşire ilişkisinin zayıflaması gibi etik sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Yapay zeka, büyük verileri analiz ederek hızlı ve objektif kararlar alabilirken, hemşireler empati ve insani değerlere dayalı kararlar vermektedir. Yapay zekanın klinik karar verme süreçlerine entegrasyonu hemşirelerin yeteneklerini artırabilmekte, ancak aynı zamanda etik ikilemler de yaratmaktadır. Yapay zeka kullanımındaki hatalardan kimin sorumlu olduğu sorusu önemli bir etik sorun teşkil etmektedir. Buna ek olarak, yapay zekanın büyük veri setlerini analiz etmesi, hasta verilerinin gizliliği konusunda endişelere yol açmaktadır. Bir başka endişe kaynağı da yapay zekanın empati ve insani dokunuş gibi hemşirelik bakımında kritik olan niteliklerden yoksun olmasıdır. Sonuç olarak, yapay zeka ve hemşire işbirliği hasta bakımını iyileştirme potansiyeline sahiptir, ancak bu teknolojinin entegrasyonu için etik sorumluluklar ve hesap verebilirlik gibi konuların dikkatlice ele alınması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Etik
• hemşirelik
• karar verme
• sağlık bilgi sistemleri
• yapay zeka
• yoğun bakım

Ethical Implications of AI in Intensive Care: A Literature Review of Clinical Decision-Making and Nursing Practices

Abstract

This study examines the effects of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted clinical decision-making processes on nursing practice in intensive care units (ICU) and the ethical dimensions of these processes. The rapid advancement of AI in the healthcare sector has introduced significant innovations in areas such as patient monitoring, data analysis and clinical decision support systems. Supporters argue that AI can improve patient outcomes and increase operational efficiency. However, the integration of AI into nursing practice brings ethical issues, such as a lack of empathy and weakening of the patient-nurse relationship. While AI can make fast and objective decisions by analysing big data, nurses make decisions based on empathy and human values. The integration of AI into clinical decision-making processes can increase nurses’ capabilities, but it also creates ethical dilemmas. The question of who is responsible for errors in AI use poses an important ethical issue. In addition, AI’s analysis of large data sets raises concerns about the confidentiality of patient data. Another source of concern is that AI lacks qualities that are critical in nursing care, such as empathy and human touch. In conclusion, AI and nurse collaboration has the potential to improve patient care, but issues such as ethical responsibilities and accountability for the integration of this technology need to be carefully addressed.

Keywords

• Artificial intelligence
• decision making
• ethics
• health information system
• intensive care
• nursing

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