A View of The European Art and Design Through the Costumes of Ballets Russes (1910s and 1920s)

Year 2017, Issue: 18, 75 - 86, 11.07.2017

Ayşe Günay

Abstract

The first quarter of the 20th century is described as an era with a productive and rich content when innovation, experimentation, interdisciplinary collaboration and mutual interaction came to the forefront. This spirit of Europe was shaped as a result of the Europeans travelling the world by means of developing technologies; with an attitude of creativity, openness and curiosity to other cultures. Two of the prominent values of this era were oriantalism and modern art. In this period consisting of a dynamic and rich mixture of diverse cultures and ideas; the Russian art director Sergei Diaghilev established the Ballets Russes in Paris. The performances of this ballet company not only reflected the cultural and artistic atmosphere of the era by its stage decors, dances, music and particulary the costume; but also it formed and passed this on to the audience. For this reason, examining and analysing this ballet from multiple perspectives, most especially its costumes, would be a guiding light for understanding the Europe of 1910s and 1920s.

Keywords

Ballets Russes, Orientalism, Modernism, Art Deco, Costume

Ballets Russes Kostümleri Üzerinden Avrupa’da Sanat ve Tasarım Ortamına Bakış (1910’lar ve 1920’ler)

Abstract

20.yüzyılın ilk çeyreği, Avrupa sanatında yeniliğin, deneyselliğin, disiplinler arası işbirliği ve karşılıklı etkileşimin öne çıktığı, üretken ve zengin içerikli bir dönem olarak nitelenir. Avrupa’nın bu ruhu, teknolojik gelişmeler sonucu dünyayı gezen Avrupalıların yaratıcı ve diğer kültürlere meraklı ve açık tavrı ile şekillenmiştir. Bu dönemin öne çıkan değerlerin-den ikisi oryantalizm ve modern sanattır. Farklı kültür ve fikirlerin dinamik ve zengin karmasından oluşan bu dönemde Rusya’dan gelen sanat yönetmeni Sergei Diaghilev, dönemin kimliğinin bir yansıması olan Ballets Russes topluluğunu Paris’te kurmuştur. Bu bale topluluğunun sergilediği eserler, başta kostümleri olmak üzere sahne dekorları, dansları ve müziğiyle hem dönemin kültürel ve sanatsal atmosferini yansıtmış hem de onu biçimlendirerek seyirciye ulaştırmıştır. Bu sebeple, 1910 ve 1920’lerin Avrupa’sını anlamak için bu baleyi, en başta kostümleri olmak üzere çok yönlü inceleyip değerlendirmek yol gösterici olacaktır. 

Keywords

Ballets Russes, Oryantalizm, Modernizm, Art Deco, Kostüm

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