CO2 Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Panel Veri Analizi

Year 2011, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 37 - 47, 01.06.2011

Ayşe Arı Fatma Zeren

Abstract

Keywords

-

CO2 Emisyonu ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Panel Veri Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı CO2 ile kişi başı gelir arasındaki ilişkiyi sorgulayarak Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) hipotezini test etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Akdeniz ülkeleri ele alınarak 2000–2005 dönemi, panel veri yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ampirik bulgular, CO2 emisyonu ile kişi başı gelir arasındaki ilişkinin N şeklinde olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Böylece CO2 emisyonunun, yüksek ekonomik büyüme düzeylerinde de artabileceği görülmüştür.Bunun yanında çalışmada, nüfus yoğunluğu ve enerji tüketimi değişkenlerinin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkisi de araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen ampirik bulgular, nüfus yoğunluğu ve enerji tüketiminin, CO2’yi pozitif yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymuştur

Keywords

CO2 emisyonu, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi, ekonomik büyüme, panel veri analizi

References

• APERGİS, Nicholas ve PAYNE, James E. (2009), “CO2 Emissions, Energy Usage and Output in Central America”, Energy Policy, 37, 3282-3286.
• ARROW, K., BOLİN B., COSTANZA R., DASGUPTA P., FOLKE C., HOLLİNG C.S., JANSSON B.O.,LEVİN S., MALER G., PERRİNGS C. ve D. PİMENTAL (1995), “Economic growth, carrying capacity and the environment” Ecological Economics, 15, 91–95.
• ATICI, Cemal ve Kurt FIRAT (2007), “Türkiye’nin Dış Ticareti Ve Çevre Kirliliği: Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi Yaklasımı”, Tarım Ekonomisi Dergisi,13(2), 61–69.
• BALTAGI, Badi H. (2005), Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Third edition, John Wiley&Sons.
• BLIGNAUT, J, M. DE WİT (2004), “A perspective on the South African economy. Sustainable options: Development lessons from applied environmental economics”, (eds.) Blignaut, J. and de Wit, M, UCT Press.
• BRUVOLL, Annegrete ve Hege MEDIN (2003), “Factors Behind The Environmental Kuznets Curve A Decomposition Of The Changes İn Air Pollution”, Environmental And Resource Economics, 24, 27–48.
• CHİEN-CHİANG Lee ve Chia-HungSun Yİ-BİNCHİU (2010), “The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for water pollution: Do regions matter?” Energy Policy, 38, 12–23.
• COLE, M.A., RAYNER, A.J. ve J.M BATES (1997), “The Environmental Kuznets Curve: an Empirical Analysis”, Environment and Development Economics, 2 (04), 401–416.
• DASGUPTA, Susmita, BENOIT, Laplante, WANG, Hua ve Wheeler DAVID (2002), “Confronting the Environmental Kuznets Curve”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16 (1),147–168.
• DEACON, Robert ve Catherine S. NORMAN (2004), “Does the Environmental Kuznets Curve Describe How Individual Countries Behave?”, UCSB Working Papers.
• DE GROOT, H.L.F., WİTHAGEN C.A. ve M. ZHOU (2002), “Dynamics of Chinese Regional Development and Pollution”, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper, Amsterdam.
• DİJKGRAAF, E. ve H.R.J VOLLEBERGH (1998), “Growth and/or (?) environment: is there a Kuznets Curve for carbon emissions?”, 2nd Biennial Meeting of the European Society of Ecological Economics, 4-7 March, Geneva.
• GROSSMAN, G. M. ve A. KRUEGER (1995), “Economic Growth and the Environment”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(2), 353–377.
• GROSSMAN, G. M. ve A. KRUEGER (1991), “Environmental impacts of a North American free trade agreement”, NBER Research Working Paper, No. 3194, Cambridge.
• HALİCİOGLU, Ferda (2009), “An econometricstudyof CO2 emissions, energy consumption, income and foreign trade in Turkey”, Energy Policy, 37, 1156–1164.
• HSIAO, C. (2003), Analysis of Panel Data, Second Edition, Cambridge University Press.
• JALIL, Abdul ve Syed F. MAHMUD (2009), “Environment Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: A cointegration analysis for China”, Energy Policy, 37, 5167–5172.
• JUDGE, George G. (1988), Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Econometrics, Second Edition, USA, John Wiley&Sons.
• KUZNETS, S. (1955), “Economic growth and income inequality”, American Economic Review, 45 (1), 1-28.
• MUNASINGHE, M. (1999), “Is environmental degradation an inevitable consequence of economic growth: tunneling through the environmental Kuznets curve”, Ecological Economics, 29 (1), 89–109.
• PANAYOTOU, T. (1997), “Demystifying the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Turning a Black Box into a Policy Tool”, Environment and Development Economics, 2(04), 465-484.
• SELDEN, T.M. ve D. SONG (1994), “Environmental Quality and Development: Is there a Kuznets Curve for Air Pollution Emissions?”, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 27, 147-162.
• TORRAS, M.ve J.K. BOYCE (1998), “Income, inequality, and pollution: a reassessment of the environmental Kuznets curve”, Ecological Economics, 25, 147–160.
• VINCENT, J.R (1997), “Testing for environmental Kuznets curves within a developing country”, Environment and Development Economics, 2, 417–431.