İnsan Sermayesi Türleri ve İstihdam Edilebilirlik Algısı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Bir Vakıf Meslek Yüksekokulu Örneği

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 227 - 244, 31.08.2022

Mehmet Hilmi Koç Tuncer Fidan Türker Kurt

https://doi.org/10.2399/yod.20.716284

Abstract

Bu çalışmada bir vakıf meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin görüşlerine dayalı olarak insan sermayesi türleri ve istihdam edilebilirlik algıları arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Çalışma yordama (prediction) deseninin kullanıldığı bir ilişkisel tarama araştırmasıdır. Çalışmanın hedef evrenini 2018–2019 akademik yılında İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir vakıf üniversitesinin sağlık meslek yüksekokulu öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen araştırma örnekleminde 450 öğrenci yer almaktadır. Veri analizinde Pearson korelasyon katsayısı, t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve çoklu regresyon analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, sahip olunan insan sermayesi türleri ile istihdam edilebilirlik algısı arasında orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sosyal sermaye, iş gücü piyasasına hazırlık düzeyi ve psikolojik sermaye istihdam edilebilirlik algısının anlamlı yordayıcılarıdır. Öğrencilerin insan sermayesine ilişkin algıları sınıf düzeyine göre farklılaşmamakta iken istihdam edilebilirlik algısı sınıf düzeyine göre farklılaşmaktadır. Bir işte çalışan öğrencilerin psikolojik sermaye algıları ile istihdam edilebilirlik algıları çalışmayan öğrencilere göre daha yüksek çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca, katılımcıların ailelerinin mevcut gelir düzeyleri yükseldikçe iş gücüne katıldıklarında elde edecekleri gelir düzeyine ilişkin beklentileri de yükselmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu araştırma, insan sermayesi ile istihdam edilebilirlik arasında ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bulgular meslek yüksekokulu eğitiminin öğrencilerde beklenen düzeyde insan sermayesi oluşturamadığını ve öğrencilerin istihdam edilebilirlik algılarının aile geliri ve bir işte çalışıyor olma gibi eğitim dışı değişkenlerden etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Eğitim ve iş uyumu, insan sermayesi, istihdam edilebilirlik, kariyer oluşumu

An Examination of the Relationship between Human Capital Types and Employability Perceptions: A Sample of a Foundation Vocational School

Abstract

As a correlational survey study using prediction design, this study focuses on the relationship between human capital types and employability perceptions based on the opinions of foundation vocational school students. The target population of the study consists of the students of the health vocational school of a foundation university operating in Istanbul in the 2018–2019 academic year. The sample consisted of 450 students. Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis techniques were conducted for the data analysis. The findings revealed that there were moderate level significant relationships between human capital types and employability self-perceptions of students. Social capital, labor market readiness and psychological capital are significant predictors of employability. While perceptions of students about human capital did not differ by class level, their perceptions of employability did. The psychological capital perceptions and employability perceptions of students who were working were found to be higher than those who were not. Furthermore, as students’ family income levels rose, their expectations about the prospective income when participating in labor force were found to increase correspondingly. As a result, this study revealed a relationship between human capital and employability. However, vocational school education was not found to sufficiently create the expected level of human capital among students, and students’ perceptions of employability were found to be influenced by non-educational variables, such as family income and being currently employed.

Keywords

Career construction, education and job match, employability, human capital

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