Blood Picture and Enzymatic Activities In Common Crap Cyprinus carpio Influenced by Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

Abstract

The aim of these study was to assess the effect of Sodium Chloride NaCl  on blood picture as hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV) and lymphocyte count  also the activity of both enzymes Alanine amino Transferase (ALT) and Creatine Phospho kinase  (CPK) in Cyprinus carpio. NaCl was used at different concentration (0.5,1 and 1.5)mg\L for 7 day .The concentration 1.5 mg\L was toxic to the fish and cause death after 48 hour of exposure ,while in the fish that were exposure separately to both concentration (0.5 and 1)mg\L  for 7day there were no any significant differences in blood picture and activity of both enzyme ALT and CPK   in these groups and control group .So the NaCl may be toxic in high concentration  but  safety  if it was used in low concentration .

Keywords

• -

Sodyum Klorüre Maruz Bırakılan Sazan Balıgında (Cyprinus carpio) Kan Profili ve Enzim Aktiviteleri

Öz

Bu çalısmanın amacı, Cyprinus carpio'da Sodyum Klorürün (NaCl) hemoglobin (Hb), hematokrit (PCV), lenfosit sayısı ve aynı zamanda Alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve Kreatin Fosfokinaz (CPK) enzim aktivitelerine etkilerini degerlendirmektir. NaCl 7 gün farklı konsantrasyonda kullanıldı (0.5, 1.0 ve 1.5 mg\L). 1.5 mg\L NaCl konsantrasyonu balıklar için zehirli oldugu ve maruz kalmadan 48 saat sonra ölüme neden oldugu görülmüstür. Balıklar ayrı ayrı 7 gün her iki NaCl konsantrasyonuna (0.5 ve 1.0 mg\L) maruz bırakıldıgında bu gruplar ve kontrol grubu arasında kan profili ve her iki enzim ALT ve CPK aktivitesinde herhangi bir önemli fark görülmedi. NaCl yüksek konsantrasyonda toksik olabilir. Fakat düsük konsantrasyonda güvenle kullanılabilir.

References

1. -Post ,G.(1987)Textbooke of fish health .Reveised and Expanded Edition .t.f.h.TFH Publications ,IC.New Jerscy,p:255.
2. -Weirich ,C.R.;Tomasso,J.R.;Smith,T.I.J.(1992).Confinement and transport -induced stress in white bass Morone chrysop x striped bass M.saxatilis hybrids :Effect of calcium and salinity .Journal of the World Aquaculture Society ,23:49-57
3. -Andrews ,C. ;Exell ,A.and Carrington ,N(2002).Fish Health.Interpet Ltd ,Surrey, UK.PP193-195.
4. -AL-Taee,S.k.(2008).Pthological study of experimental cadmium toxicity in common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio).M.Sci.-thesis.veterinary collage,Mosul,Iraq.
5. -Williams,W.D.(1987).Salinization of rivers and streams :an important environmental hazard .Ambio,16(4):180-185.
6. -Azzawi, A.H.H ;Salman ,N.A. ;Nader ,A.; Alrdene ,A.J.; Mahdawi ,G.J.;Abbas ,L.M.;Al-Tamimi ,M.T. and Rezouki ,R.H.(1999).The impact of sudden and gradual transfer of saline water drains on the survival rate and osmoregulation on Cyprinus carpio.Basra .Journal of research , 12 (2): 143 -151.
7. -Boeck ,G .;Vlaeminck ,A.;Van der Linden ,A. and Blust ,R.(2000).The energy metabolism of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) when exposed to salt stress:an increase in energy expenditure or effect of starvation ?Physiol.Biochem.,73(1):102-11.
8. -Chen ,C. ;Wooster ,G.A . and Bowser ,P.R.(2004).Comparative blood chemistry and histopathology of tilapia infected with Vibrio vulnifcus or Streptococcus iniae or exposed to carbon tetrachloride ,gentamicin or copper sulfate .Aquaculture.239,421-443.

9. -Lermen ,C.L.;Lappe ,R.;Crestani ,M. ;Vieira ,V.P.;Gioda ,C.R.;Schetinger ,M.R.C. ;Baldisserotto ,B.;Moraes ,G.and Morsch ,V.M.(2004).Effect of different temperature regimes on metabolic and blood parameters of silver catfish Rhamdia quelen.Aquaculture .239,497-507.
10. -Koeypudsa ,W.;Kitamthorn ,M. and Tangtrongpiros ,J.(2006).Impact of acute anoxia on stress in hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell x C.macrocephals Gunther).Journal of Scientific Research Chulalong –korn University .31,127-132.
11. -Coles ,E.H.(1986).Veterinary clinical pathology .4th ed.,W.B.Saunders Company Philadelphia ,London ,Toronto,pp.43-64.
12. -Morales ,A.E.Cardenete ,G.; Abellan ,E.and Garcia-Rejon, L.(2005).Stress-related physiological responses to handling in common dentex (Dentex dentex Linnaeus,1758).Aquaculutre Researech .36,33-40.
13. - Koeypudsa ,W. and Jongjareanjai ,M .(2011).Impact of water temperature and sodium chloride (NaCl)on stress indicators of hybrid catfish(Clarias gariepinus Burchell x C.macrocephals Gunther).Songklanakarin J.Sci.Technol.33(4),369-378.
14. -Eddy ,F.B.(1982).Osmotic and ionic regulation in Coptive fisah with particular reference to Salmonids .Comp.Biochem. Physiol.73:125-143.
15. -Bath,N,R. and Eddy ,F.B.( 1979).Salt and waterbalance in Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)Eapidly transferred from fresh water to sea water .J.Exp.Biol.,83:193-202.
16. - Matez,J.(1971).Fish Gills: Mechanisms of salt transfer in fresh water and sea water .Phil.Tran.R.Soc.Loned., B262 :209-249.
17. -Langdan ,J.S. and Thorpe ,J.E.(1984).Response of the gill Na+/K+ATPase activity ,SDH activity and Chloride cells to salt water adaptation in atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Parr AND Smolt J.Fish .Biol.,24:323-331.
18. -Gomes ,L.C.;Changas ,E.C. ;Brinn,R.P. ;Roubach ,R.;Coppati,C.E. and Baldisserotto ,B.(2006).Usw of salt during transportating of air breathing pirarucu juveniles (Arapaima gigas) in plastic bags.Aquaculutre.256,521-528.
19. -Trumble ,S.J. ;Castellini ,M.A. ;Mau ,T.L. and Castellini, J.M.(2006).Dietary and seasonal influences on blood chemistry and hematology in captive harbor seals .Marine Mammal Science.22,104-123.
20. -Souza –Bastos ,L.R. and Feire ,C.A.(2009).The handling of salt by the neotropical cultuee freshwater catfish Rhamdia quelen .Aquaculture.289,167-174.