An Evaluation on The Visual Language of Propaganda in Painting

Abstract

Artists have taken different starting points as reference points that allow them to express themselves during the creation process of their works of art. The impact of art on people in a social sense can be counted among these reference points. The social impact situation has resulted in art turning into a propaganda tool and influencing the masses. This research contains examples of the phases of contemporary art in terms of art dynamics and the artists' search for a unique way out. The research was carried out through literature review, one of the data collection techniques, and the collected information was brought together, mainly by reference to the works of foreign authors. The problem of the study is how the concept of art, in theoretical terms, turns into a propaganda tool with examples from various periods and geographies. The findings obtained at the end of the study were focused on works of art that turned into propaganda tools based on the concept of art, artists' search for identity and the principles of influencing the masses. As a result, it has been concluded that the concept of art can be considered as contemporary for every artist in their own period, that it does not cover a specific period, and that in every period there are works of art that turn into different means of expression depending on the relationship between art and politics, and this understanding continues today.

Keywords

• Art
• Propaganda
• Visual language.

Propagandanın Resim Sanatındaki Görsel Dili Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Sanatçılar, sanat eserlerinin oluşmasındaki yaratım sürecinde kendilerini ifade etmelerine imkan sağlayan farklı çıkış noktalarını referans almışlardır. Sanatın toplumsal anlamda insanlar üzerinde meydana getirdiği etki, bu referans noktalarından sayılabilir. Toplumsal etki durumu sanatın bir propaganda aracına dönüşerek, kitleleri etkilemesi sonucunu doğurmuştur. Bu araştırma, güncel sanatın sanat dinamikleri özelinde geçirdiği evreler ve sanatçıların özgün çıkış yolu arayışlarından örnekleri barındırmaktadır. Araştırma, veri toplama tekniklerinden, literatür taraması ile yapılmış, ağırlıklı olarak yabancı yazarların çalışmaları referans alınarak, toplanan bilgiler bir araya getirilmiştir. Sanat kavramının teorik anlamda karşılığı, çeşitli dönemlerden ve coğrafyalardan örneklerle propaganda aracına nasıl dönüştüğü çalışmanın problemini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın sonunda elde edilen bulgular, sanat kavramından yola çıkarak propaganda aracına dönüşen sanat yapıtları, sanatçıların kimlik arayışları ve kitleleri etkileme prensipleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Sonuç olarak sanat kavramının kendi dönemi içinde her sanatçının çağdaş sayılabileceği, belirli bir dönemi kapsamadığı ve her dönemde sanat ve siyaset ilişkisine bağlı olarak farklı ifade araçlarına dönüşen sanat eserlerinin bulunduğu, günümüzde de bu anlayışın devam ettiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Sanat
• Propaganda
• Görsel dil.

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25. Görsel 1. Genç Jan Bruegel, “Lale Çılgınlığı Üzerine Hiciv”, 1640, Ahşap Panel Üzerine Yağlıboya, 31x49 Cm, Frans Hals Müzesi. https://tulipfestivalamsterdam.com/painting-allegory-on-tulipmania-by-jan-brueghel-the- younger-1640/
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27. Görsel 3. Leonard Tsuguharu Foujita, Halha Nehri Kıyısında Savaş (Nomonhan), 1941, [Tuval üzerine yağlıboya], 140x448 cm, Tokyo Modern Sanat Müzesi. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/russo-japanese-clash-at-the- battle-of-nomonhan/
28. Görsel 4. Nicolae Grigorescu, “Grandville’de Balıkçı Kadın”, [Resim], Tarih Belirtilmemiş, 27x35 Cm, Romanya Ulusal Sanat Müzesi. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nicolae_Grigorescu_-_Pescarita_la_Grandville.jpg
29. Görsel 5. Gino Boccasilel, “Amerikan Karşıtı İtalyan Afişi”, [Afiş], 1943, 38,75x54,25 Cm, Londra. https://closeencountersinwar.org/category/call-for-articles/.
30. Görsel 6. Kathe Kollwitz, “Savaşta Anneler” 1923, 34,3x40 cm, Gravür, Kongre Kütüphanesi Katoloğu.https://www.moma.org/collection/works/126891?artist_id=3201&page=1&sov_referrer=artist.
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32. Görsel 8. Diego Rivera, “Şanlı Zafer”, 1954, [Tuval Üzerine Yağlıboya], 260x450 Cm, Puşkin Müzesi. https://www.pxfuel.com/tr/desktop-wallpaper-gqkbz
33. Görsel 9. Heri Dono, “Süper Trump’ın Ülkesi”, [Resim], 2017, 150x125 Cm, Özel Koleksiyon. https://www.artsy.net/artwork/heri-dono-born-and-freedom.