In vitro Micrografting of Woody Plant Species-II (Objectives)

Year 2017, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 292 - 298, 30.06.2017

Hakan Yıldırım , Nazan Çalar

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.287807

Abstract

In vitro micrografting is a propagation technique, involving the grafting of
relatively miniature cuttings under axenic culture conditions and it is one of
the recent developed propagation techniques compared to other conventional
vegetative propagation techniques. This method overcomes some of the
limitations of shoot tip culture and grafting, while it also keeps together the
advantages of both methods. Micrografting was applied for the eradication
viruses and pathogens from some fruit species and cultivars during the first
application period, but later, the technique was further developed on various
woody plant species in different research areas of plant physiology and
development. These includes physiological rejuvenation and incompatibility
grafting as a prerequisite for the clonally propagation of mature genotypes of
many woody species. Consequently, in
vitro micrografting is used in large scale propagation and by overcoming
the disadvantages of other propagation technique. It also enables to examine in
detail the genetic similarities and differences between the tissues and cells.
The aims of this study were (1) to review how micrografting studies passed a
process from 1970s until today, first started to obtain virus-free plants from
citrus; (2) to reveal what kind of work has been presented particularly on the
plant breeding and propagation of the woody plant species, including the type of
fruit breeding and reproduction and (3) and to present those studies in a
specific order.

Keywords

Grafting, Rejuvenation, In-vitro, Woody plant

Odunsu Bitki Türlerinde İn-vitro Aşılama-II (Amaçları)

Abstract

İn-vitro
aşılama, aksenik kültür koşullarında minyatür aşı kalemlerinin aşılanmasını
kapsayan ve diğer tekniklere nazaran uygulanan en son vejetatif çoğaltım
tekniklerinden biridir. Bu yöntem, sürgün ucu kültürü ve aşılamanın bazı
sınırlayıcı özelliklerinin üstesinden gelmekle birlikte, her iki metodun
avantajlarını da bir arada bulundurmaktadır. İlk uygulandığı zamanlarda bazı
meyve tür ve çeşitlerindeki virüs ve benzeri endojen patojenlerin eradikasyonu
için geliştirilen in-vitro aşılama, bitki gelişim ve fizyolojisinin farklı
alanlarında çeşitli odunsu bitki türlerinde hızla gelişmiştir. Bunlar birçok
odunsu türlerin olgun genotiplerinin klonal çoğaltımında bir ön koşul olarak
fizyolojik rejuvenasyonu ve aşıda uyuşmazlığı da kapsamaktadır. Sonuç olarak
in-vitro aşılama, yoğun olarak kullanılan, diğer vejatatif çoğaltım
metodlarında bulunan olumsuzlukların üstesinden gelebilmek için daha çok
düşünülmeyi ve kullanılmayı hak eden bir tekniktir. Doku ve hücreler arasındaki
genetik benzerlik ve farklılıkların ayrıntılı incelenmesine imkân
sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1970’li yıllarda turunçgillerde virüsten
ari bitki üretimi amacıyla başlayan in
vitro aşılama çalışmalarının günümüze kadar nasıl bir süreçten geçtiğinin
ve özellikle meyve türlerinin de dâhil olduğu odunsu bitki türlerinde bitki
ıslahı ve çoğaltımı amacıyla ne tür çalışmaların yapıldığının ortaya konulması
ve belli bir düzende sunulmasıdır. 

Keywords

Aşılama, Gençleştirme, İn-vitro, Odunsu bitki

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