Avrupa Birliği’yle Hindistan Arasında Sonuçlanamayan Serbest Ticaret Anlaşması Müzakereleri: İki Seviyeli Oyun Analizi

Öz

Bu makale, Avrupa Birliği’yle Hindistan arasındaki serbest ticaret anlaşması müzakere sürecinin zorluklarını incelemektedir. 2006 yılında başlatılan ve bir dönem kesintiye uğrayan görüşmeler on beş yılı aşkın bir süre zarfında tamamlanamamıştır. Bu makalede, Robert Putnam’ın iki-seviyeli oyun modeli kullanılarak, ulusal alanın müzakere sürecinin uzamasındaki rolü analiz edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla, müzakereye taraf aktörlerin taviz alanları (win-set) araştırılmakta, baskı grupları, siyasi yapı, siyasi kültür gibi iç faktörlerden hangilerinin uzlaşıyı zorlaştırdığı incelenmektedir. Avrupa Birliği’yle Hindistan arasındaki serbest ticaret anlaşması müzakere sürecine yönelik bu analiz temelinde, Birliğin ortak ticaret politikası kapsamında yürütmekte olduğu ticaret müzakerelerinin sıklıkla uzun süre gerektirmesinin nedenlerine ilişkin de bulgular elde edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği
• Hindistan
• İki-Seviyeli Oyun Modeli
• Serbest Ticaret Anlaşması
• Ortak Ticaret Politikası

THE LONG-DRAWN-OUT FREE TRADE AGREEMENT NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND INDIA: A TWO-LEVEL GAME ANALYSIS

Abstract

This article examines the arduous free trade agreement negotiations between the European Union and India. The talks, which started in 2006 and were suspended for a while, could not lead to an agreement in more than 15 years. By employing the two-level game theory, developed by Robert Putnam, this article attempts to explore the role of the domestic realm on the extension of the negotiations. Therefore, it investigates the win-sets of the negotiating parties, by focusing on the domestic factors such as interest groups, political structure and political culture in order to determine which of these factors make it difficult to find common ground. On the basis of the said analysis regarding the free trade agreement negotiations between the European Union and India, this article further aims at finding out why trade negotiations pursued by the European Union usually require a long period of time.

Keywords

• European Union
• India
• Two-Level Game Theory
• Free Trade Agreement
• Common Commercial Policy

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