Neoliberal Politika Aracı: Türkiye’de ve İspanya’da Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikaları

Öz

Özellikle COVID-19 pandemi krizinin ardından mevcut sosyo-ekonomik problemlerin çözümü için aktivasyon politikalarının etkisizliğinin anlaşılmasıyla Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikaları yerine alternatif sosyal politika modelleri Avrupa Birliği’nin gündeminde yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma, aktivasyon politikalarının etkisizliğini Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikalarından yaralanan kişilerin görüşlerine yer vererek incelemektedir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, AB’nin üye ülkesi, İspanya ve aday ülkesi Türkiye’de mesleki eğitim kurslarına katılan, işsiz 78 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme metoduyla yapılan bireysel görüşmelere dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, her iki ülkede de bu politikalardan yararlanan kişiler, aktivasyon sürecinin sosyo-ekonomik problemlerine çözüm getirmediği gerçeğinin açık şekilde farkındadır. Bu kişilerin talebi, daha fazla kurs değil insan onuruna yaraşır iştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aktivasyon
• Neoliberalism
• Avrupa Birliği
• İspanya
• Türkiye

NEOLIBERAL POLICY TOOL: ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES IN TURKEY AND SPAIN

Abstract

Since activation policies prove their inefficiency in solving existent socio economic problems, especially after the pandemic crisis of COVID-19, alternative policies other than Active Labour Market Policies (ALMPs) have appeared on the agenda of the EU. This research traces the reasons of the ineffectiveness of activation by highlighting the perception of the beneficiaries of the ALMPs. This article builds on the fieldwork implemented in a member state (Spain) and candidate country (Turkey) of the EU through 78 semi-structured individual interviews with the participants of vocational trainings for unemployed people. Results show that the beneficiaries in both countries are aware of the fact that the activation process does not provide a solution for their socio-economic problems and they desire a decent job, rather than training.

Keywords

• Activation
• the European Union
• Spain
• Turkey
• Neoliberalism

Kaynakça

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