Abstract

Within the context of the criminal judicial cooperation and current Treaty provisions, scope of criminal competence of the EU pose ambiguity in terms of substantive and procedural aspects. The scope of EU’s competence in the area of judicial criminal cooperation regarding the substantive and procedural aspects, in particular defence rights will be addressed in this article. As regards the harmonization of criminal law of Member States and mutual recognition of judgments, legal bases of criminal competence will be analysed. In terms of procedural guarantees for parties of trial, criminal competence of the EU has certain drawbacks. The Constitutional Treaty would and the Treaty of Lisbon provide satisfactory clear legal basis for competency of the EU as well as harmonisation and mutual recognition

Keywords

• European Union
• Criminal Competence
• Criminal Judicial Cooperation
• Mutual Recognition and Harmonization.

Lizbon Sonrası Avrupa Birliğinin Cezai Meselelerde Yetkisinin Kapsamı

Öz

Cezai meselelerde adli işbirliği kapsamında, yürürlükteki Antlaşmalar çerçevesinde, maddi ve ceza usul hukuku bakımından, AB’nin cezai yetkisi yeterince açık değildir. Bu makale de maddi ceza hukuku ve ceza usulü açısından ve özellikle de usuli haklar açısından AB’nin cezai meselelerde işbirliği alanındaki yetkisinin kapsamı ele alınacak ve harmonizasyon ve karşılıklı tanıma açısından Antlaşmalardaki yasal temel incelenecektir. Ceza yargılamasının tarafları açısından usuli güvenceler konusunda mevcut cezai yetki sorunlar içermektedir. Bu çerçevede, Anayasal Antlaşma ve Lizbon Antlaşması, AB’nin cezai yetkisine ilişkin Antlaşmalar temelinde açık yetki sağlamaktadır. Bununla bağlantılı olarak Lizbon Antlaşması, karşılıklı tanıma ve harmonizasyona ilişkin sunduğu yaklaşım beklentilerini de karşılamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avrupa Birliği
• Cezai Yetki
• Ceza İşlerinde İşbirliği
• Karşılıklı

Kaynakça

1. S. ALEGRE and M. LEAF, ‘Criminal Law and Fundamental Rights in the EU: Moving Towards Closer Co-operation’, 8 European Human Rights Law Review, 2003
2. Sanem BAYKAL, Reform Antlaşması ve Getirdikleri: Kurumsal Yapı Çerçevesinde Genel Bir Değerlendirme, Ankara Avrupa Çalışmaları Dergisi Cilt 7, No:1, 2007
3. H. BRADY and M. ROMA, ‘Let Justice be done: Punishing crime in the EU’, London: Center for European Reform, (policy brief) at.2; at http:www.cer.org.uk, (Erişim Tarihi: 20 Mart 2008).
4. M.J. BORGERS and T. KOOİJMANS, The Scope of the Community’s Competence in the Field of Criminal Law, 16 Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, 2008.
5. M.R. ERDEM, Avrupa Birliği Hukuku’nun Üye Devletlerin Ceza ve Ceza Muhakemesi Hukukuna Etkileri, Seçkin Yayınları, Ankara-2004.
6. Judge Baltasar Garzon Real at the Justice Conference, Eurowarrant: European Extradition in the 21st Century, London, 5 and 6 July 2003.
7. P. De HERT, ‘Division of Competencies between National and European Levels with regard to Justice and Home Affairs, in Apap, J., Justice and Home Affairs in the EU, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2004.
8. M. FICHERA, The European Arrest Warrant and the Sovereign State: A Marriage of Convenience? 15 European Law Journal 1, 2009.

9. M. FLETCHER, R. LÖÖF and Bill GİLMORE, EU Criminal Law and Justice, USA, Edward Elgar, 2008.
10. M. GBANDI, ‘The Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe and Challanges for Criminal law at the Commencement of 21st Century’, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Vol.13/4, 2005.
11. K. GBANDI, EU Committee, House of Lords, In a Memorandum to the UK House of Lord inquiry, ‘Procedural Rights in Criminal Proceedings’ (Stationary Office; HL Paper; 28), 2 July 2005
12. E. GUILD and S. CARRERA, ‘No Constitutional Treaty? Implications for the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice,’ CEPS Working Document 231, 2005, http://shop.ceps.be/BookDetail.php?item_id=1266 (Erişim Tarihi: 25 Haziran 2006).
13. E. GUILD, ‘The Variable Subject of the EU Constitution, Civil Liberties and Human Rights’, 6 European Journal of Migration and Law n.4, 2004
14. E. GUILD, ‘Crime and the EU’s Constitutional Future in an Area of Freedom, Security and Justice,’ European Law Journal 10(2), 2004.
15. Ü. KOCASAKAL, Avrupa Birliği Ceza Hukukunun Esasları, Vedat Kitapçılık, İstanbul- 2004.
16. R. LOOF, R. LOOF, ‘Shooting from the Hip: Proposed Rights in Criminal Proceedings throughout the EU,’ European Law Journal 12(3), 2006
17. P LUDLOV, ‘A Commentary on the EU’, a View from Brussels, Brussels: Centre for European Policy Studies, CEPS Commentary
18. V. MITSILEGAS, EU Criminal Law, Oxford, Hart Publishing, 2009.
19. V. MITSILEGAS, J. MONAR and W. REES, The European Union and Internal Security, Palgrave Macmillian, 2003.
20. V. MITSILEGAS, The Competence Question: The European Community and Criminal Law, in Guild, E., and Geyer, F., (eds). Security Versus Justice? A Challenge for Europe’s Future Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2008.
21. V. MITSILEGAS, Constitutional Principles of the European Community and European Criminal Law, European Journal of Law Reform, vol.8 no.2/3, 2006.
22. V. MITSILEGAS, Trust-building Measures in the European Judicial Area in Criminal Matters: Issues of Competence, Legitimacy and Inter-institutional Balance, in Carrera, S., and Balzacq, T., (eds), Security versus Freedom? A Challenge for Europe’s Future, Aldershot:Ashgate, 2008.
23. C. MORGAN, (Criminal Justice Unit, Directorate D), speech at the Academy of European Law conference in Edinburg, 1 October 2005
24. K. NUOTIO, ‘Harmonisation of Criminal Sanctions in the European Union- Criminal Science Fiction’ in Strandbakken, A., Harmonization of Criminal Law in Europe, Intersentia Antwerpen-Oxford Publishing, 2005
25. S. PEERS, EU Justice and Home Affairs Law, Oxford: University Pres, 2006.
26. S. PEERS, ‘Caveat Emptor? Integrating the Schengen Acquis into the European Union Legal Order’, 2 the Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 87, 2000.
27. W. PERRON, ‘Perspective of the Harmonisation of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure in European Union’ in Johannes, E., and Strandbakken, Harmonization of Criminal Law in Europe, Intersentia Antwerpen-Oxford Publishing, 2005.
28. J.K. PIRIS, The Constitution for Europe: A Legal Analysis, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
29. H. RADTKE, ‘The Proposal to Establish a European Prosecutor’ in in Husabo, E J., and Strandbakken, A., (eds.) Harmonization of Criminal Law in Europe, Intersentia Antwerpen-Oxford Publishing, 2005
30. J. SCHUTTE, ‘Unification and Harmonisation of Criminal Procedures in the EU,’ in Nijboer, J., and Sprangers, W., Harmonisation in Forensic Expertise, Amsterdam, Thela Thesis, 2000.
31. A. STRANDBAKKEN (Eds), Harmonization of Criminal Law in European, Intersentia Antwerpen-Oxford Publishing, 2005.
32. J. VOGEL, ‘The European Integrated Criminal Justice System and its Constitutional Framework’, 22 Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law, 2005
33. I. WALDEN, ‘Harmonising Computer Crime Laws in Europe,’ European Jornal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice 12(4), 2004.
34. N. WALKER, ‘In Search of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice: A Constitutional Odyssey,’ in Walker, N., Europe’s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, Oxford University Press, 2004.
35. N. WALKER, Europe’s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, Oxford University Press, 2004.
36. M. WASMEIER and N. THWAITES, ‘The ‘Battle of the Pillars: Does the European Community Have the Power to Approximate national Criminal Laws,’ European Law Review 29(5), 2004.
37. S. WHITE, ‘Harmonization of Criminal Law Under the First Pillar’, 31(1) European Law Review, 2006.
38. A. WEYEMBERG, ‘Approximation of Criminal Laws, the Constitutional Treaty and Hague Programme’, Common Market Law Review 42, 2005.
39. B. YAKUT, The EU Criminal Judicial Cooperation: Harmonization and Mutual Recognition, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, 2008.